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Polish Cultural And Educational Union
Polski Związek Kulturalno-Oświatowy (commonly known as PZKO) ( cs, Polský kulturně-osvětový svaz) (meaning "Polish Cultural and Educational Union") is a Polish organization in the Czech Republic. It represents the Polish minority in the Czech Republic together with the Congress of Poles. PZKO is the largest Polish organization with largest membership in the Czech Republic, although the number of members is decreasing as a result of demographic decline of the Polish community. History Before World War II there was a myriad of various Polish organizations. When PZKO organization was founded, in 1947, creating of other Polish organizations was prohibited. It was the only organization representing the Polish minority in the communist era, therefore it was under strong influence of the Communist Party. PZKO gained monopolist position, and was responsible for all activities related to the Poles, as other Polish organizations have been banned. Eventually, PZKO became more und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Český Těšín
Český Těšín (; pl, Czeski Cieszyn ; german: Tschechisch-Teschen) is a town in the Karviná District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 24,000 inhabitants. Český Těšín lies on the west bank of the Olza river, in the heart of the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. Until the 1920 division of the region between Poland and Czechoslovakia it was just a western suburb of the town of Teschen, which after the division fell to Poland as Cieszyn. The combined population of the Czech and Polish parts of the town is around 59,000 (24,000 in Těšín, 35,000 in Cieszyn). The historic centre in Český Těšín is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone. Administrative parts Town parts and villages of Dolní Žukov, Horní Žukov, Koňákov, Mistřovice, Mosty and Stanislavice are administrative parts of Český Těšín. History The first written mention of Těšín is from 1155, when a castle called ''Tescin'' was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jablunkov
Jablunkov (; pl, , german: Jablunkau) is a town in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 5,300 inhabitants. Polish minority makes up 16.4% of the population. It is inhabited by a large amount of Silesian Gorals. Geography Jablunkov lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, and is the easternmost town of the country. It is located mainly in the Jablunkovice Furrow lowland, but the municipal territory also extends to the Silesian Beskids on the east. The highest point is the hill Lysá at . Jablunkov lies at the confluence of the Lomná and the Olza rivers. History According to historians, the predecessor of Jablunkov is to be found in the place where the present-day village of Hrádek or Nýdek is located. The first written mention of Jablunkov is from 1435. After the village was destroyed by a Hungarian raid at least in 1447, a new settlement emerged, and the previous settlement was renamed Old Jablunkov. Thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organizations Established In 1947
An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity—such as a company, an institution, or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. The word is derived from the Greek word ''organon'', which means tool or instrument, musical instrument, and organ. Types There are a variety of legal types of organizations, including corporations, governments, non-governmental organizations, political organizations, international organizations, armed forces, charities, not-for-profit corporations, partnerships, cooperatives, and educational institutions, etc. A hybrid organization is a body that operates in both the public sector and the private sector simultaneously, fulfilling public duties and developing commercial market activities. A voluntary association is an organization consisting of volunteers. Such organizations may be able to operate without legal formalities, depending on jurisdiction, includi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethnic Organizations Based In The Czech Republic
An ethnic group or an ethnicity is a grouping of people who identify with each other on the basis of shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups. Those attributes can include common sets of traditions, ancestry, language, history, society, culture, nation, religion, or social treatment within their residing area. The term ethnicity is often times used interchangeably with the term nation, particularly in cases of ethnic nationalism, and is separate from the related concept of races. Ethnicity may be construed as an inherited or as a societally imposed construct. Ethnic membership tends to be defined by a shared cultural heritage, ancestry, origin myth, history, homeland, language, or dialect, symbolic systems such as religion, mythology and ritual, cuisine, dressing style, art, or physical appearance. Ethnic groups may share a narrow or broad spectrum of genetic ancestry, depending on group identification, with many groups having mixed genetic ancestry. Ethnic gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Educational Organizations Based In The Czech Republic
Education is a purposeful activity directed at achieving certain aims, such as transmitting knowledge or fostering skills and character traits. These aims may include the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and honesty. Various researchers emphasize the role of critical thinking in order to distinguish education from indoctrination. Some theorists require that education results in an improvement of the student while others prefer a value-neutral definition of the term. In a slightly different sense, education may also refer, not to the process, but to the product of this process: the mental states and dispositions possessed by educated people. Education originated as the transmission of cultural heritage from one generation to the next. Today, educational goals increasingly encompass new ideas such as the liberation of learners, skills needed for modern society, empathy, and complex vocational skills. Types of education are commonly divided into formal, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cultural Organizations Based In The Czech Republic
Culture () is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.Tylor, Edward. (1871). Primitive Culture. Vol 1. New York: J.P. Putnam's Son Culture is often originated from or attributed to a specific region or location. Humans acquire culture through the learning processes of enculturation and socialization, which is shown by the diversity of cultures across societies. A cultural norm codifies acceptable conduct in society; it serves as a guideline for behavior, dress, language, and demeanor in a situation, which serves as a template for expectations in a social group. Accepting only a monoculture in a social group can bear risks, just as a single species can wither in the face of environmental change, for lack of functional responses to the change. Thus in military culture, valor is counted a typical be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Minority In Zaolzie
The Polish minority in the Czech Republic is a Polish national minority living mainly in the Zaolzie region of western Cieszyn Silesia. The Polish community is the only national (or ethnic) minority in the Czech Republic that is linked to a specific geographical area. Zaolzie is located in the north-eastern part of the country. It comprises Karviná District and the eastern part of Frýdek-Místek District. Many Poles living in other regions of the Czech Republic have roots in Zaolzie as well. Poles formed the largest ethnic group in Cieszyn Silesia in the 19th century, but at the beginning of the 20th century the Czech population grew. The Czechs and Poles collaborated on resisting Germanization movements, but this collaboration ceased after World War I. In 1920 the region of Zaolzie was incorporated into Czechoslovakia after the Polish–Czechoslovak War. Since then the Polish population demographically decreased. In 1938 it was annexed by Poland in the context of the Munich Agr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zwrot
''Zwrot'' (meaning "The Term or The Phrase") is the main and largest Polish magazine in the Czech Republic, chief magazine of the Polish minority in Zaolzie. It appears monthly, with a circulation of 1,600 (2019). Published by the PZKO (The Polish Cultural and Educational Union), it is financially supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. The editorial staff is housed in Czeski Cieszyn (Český Těšín). The current editor-in-chief is Halina Szczotka. History Since 2 March 1947 until 20 November 1949 '' Głos Ludu'' newspaper published monthly a literary section called ''Szyndzioły''. In December 1949 this section was transformed into ''Zwrot'' magazine. The first issue of ''Zwrot'' appeared on 24 December 1949. The first logo of the magazine was designed by artist Rudolf Żebrok. Together with Franciszek Świder they were the first illustrators of ''Zwrot''.Bałon 1999, 14. ''Zwrot'' had from the beginning a literary character. Content includes histori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarians In Czechoslovakia
Hungarians are the largest ethnic minority in Slovakia. According to th2021 Slovak census 422,065 people (or 7.75% of the population) declared themselves Hungarians, while 462,175 (8.48% of the population) stated that Hungarian was their mother tongue. Hungarians in Slovakia are concentrated mostly in the southern part of the country, near the border with Hungary. They form the majority in two districts, Komárno and Dunajská Streda. History The First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938) Origins of the Hungarian minority After the defeat of the Central Powers on the Western Front in 1918, the Treaty of Trianon was signed between the winning Entente powers and Hungary in 1920 at the Paris Peace Conference. The treaty greatly reduced the Kingdom of Hungary's borders, including ceding all of Upper Hungary to Czechoslovakia, in which Slovaks made up the dominant ethnicity. In consideration of the strategic and economic interests of their new ally, Czechoslovakia, the victor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CSEMADOK
CSEMADOK, also written Csemadok, is a cultural society of ethnic Hungarians in Slovakia. CSEMADOK was formed on March 5, 1949 in Bratislava as a part of the Czechoslovak National Front, an umbrella statewide organization. The name was abbreviation for Hungarian ''Csehszlovákiai Magyar Dolgozók Kultúregyesülete'' (see below for name changes, in Slovak: '' Kultúrny zväz maďarských pracujúcich v Československu'', English: ''Czechoslovak Hungarian Workers' Cultural Association''). It was one of the few ethnic based organizations in Czechoslovakia. The organization was reported to have 43,000 members in 1953 and almost 50,000 in 1955. The society organized cultural events, lectures and supported theater-, song- and dance groups. Since 1951 it published a monthly "Fáklya" (''The Torch''), then, since December 1956, a weekly "A Hét" (''The Week''). During the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 the leadership supported position of Czechoslovak government toward the events; this r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Władysław Młynek
Władysław Młynek (6 June 1930 in Gródek – 1 December 1997 in Nawsie) was a Polish teacher, writer and poet from Zaolzie region of Cieszyn Silesia. He was the son of Jan Młynek, a social activist. He attended Polish elementary school in Gródek and later a Polish Gymnasium in Český Těšín where he expressed his interest about the poetry of Adam Mickiewicz. Młynek then worked as a teacher in Polish schools in Zaolzie - in Třinec, Hnojník, Milíkov, Bukovec and at Kamienity hill in the Beskids mountain range. He set up and conducted many choirs in schools where he worked and was an art director of ''Gorol'' men's choir in Jablunkov from 1978 and art director of Gorolski Święto festival from 1983. Młynek was an active member of several Polish organizations including the ''Stowarzyszenie Młodzieży Polskiej'' (Association of Polish Youth) and the PZKO (Polish Cultural and Educational Union) and was a chairman of the General Committee (ZG) of the PZKO from 1990 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silesia
Silesia (, also , ) is a historical region of Central Europe that lies mostly within Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic and Germany. Its area is approximately , and the population is estimated at around 8,000,000. Silesia is split into two main subregions, Lower Silesia in the west and Upper Silesia in the east. Silesia has a diverse culture, including architecture, costumes, cuisine, traditions, and the Silesian language (minority in Upper Silesia). Silesia is along the Oder River, with the Sudeten Mountains extending across the southern border. The region contains many historical landmarks and UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It is also rich in mineral and natural resources, and includes several important industrial areas. The largest city and Lower Silesia's capital is Wrocław; the historic capital of Upper Silesia is Opole. The biggest metropolitan area is the Upper Silesian metropolitan area, the centre of which is Katowice. Parts of the Czech city of Ostrav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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