Planomonadida

	Planomonadida Ancyromonadida or Planomonadida is a small group of biflagellated protists found in the soil and in aquatic habitats, where they feed on bacteria.Cavalier-Smith, T. (2013)Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa European journal of protistology, 49(2), 115-178. Includes freshwater or marine organisms, benthic, dorsoventrally compressed and with two unequal flagellae, each emerging from a separate pocket. The apical anterior flagellum can be very thin or end in the cell membrane, while the posterior flagellum is long and is inserted ventrally or laterally. The cell membrane is supported by a thin single layer teak and the mitochondrial crests are discoidal / flat. The group's placement is doubtful, as it seems to fall outside the five supergroups of eukaryotes. Cavalier-Smith considers that they constitute a basal group to Amoebozoa and Opisthokonta and places it togeth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Varisulca Varisulca was a proposed basal Podiate taxon. It encompassed several lineages of heterotrophic protists, most notably the ancyromonads (planomonads), collodictyonids (diphylleids), rigifilids (''Rigifila'', ''Micronuclearia'') and mantamonadids. Recent evidence suggests that the latter three are closely related to each other, forming a clade called CRuMs, but that this is unlikely to be specifically related to ancyromonads Cavalier-Smith had proposed the new subphylum Varisulca which consists of the classes Hilomonadea, Diphyllatea and Glissodiscea. The validity of this proposed taxonomy has yet to ruled upon by the Society of Protistologists. It is unlikely to be widely accepted, since Varisulca appears to be paraphyletic or polyphyletic (ancyromonads are not inferred to be the sister group to CRuMs). Glissodiscea and Multirhiza (a taxon encompassing Diphyllatea and Glissodiscea) also appear paraphyletic or polyphyletic, since ''Mantamonas'' belongs to CRuMs but ancyrom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Ancyromonas ''Ancyromonas'' is a genus of basal Eukaryote consisting of heterotrophic flagellates. It includes the species ''Ancyromonas sigmoides'', first described by Saville Kent in 1880. The genus was rediscovered in modern times by Hänel in 1979. They are about 5 μm long and live in both marine and freshwater habitats with a global distribution. In 2008, Cavalier-Smith et. al proposed the reassignment of all known species of ''Ancyromonas'' into a new genus, ''Planomonas''. ''Planomonas'' has since been described as a junior synonym of ''Ancyromonas''. ''Ancyromonas'' does not belong to any of the eukaryotic supergroups, and they appear more basal than Malawimonas ''Malawimonas'' is a Loukozoa genus, possible sister of the Podiata. History of the discovery of Malawimonads In 1993, Charles J O’ Kelly studied the jakobid groups flagellates and implications for the early diversification of eukaryotes and ..., placing them in Loukouzoa, possibly relatives of podiates, and dep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Amorphea Amorphea are members of a taxonomic supergroup that includes the basal Amoebozoa and Obazoa. That latter contains the Opisthokonta, which includes the Fungi, Animals and the Choanomonada, or Choanoflagellates. The taxonomic affinities of the members of this clade were originally described and proposed by Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 2002. The International Society of Protistologists, the recognised body for taxonomy of protozoa, recommended in 2012 that the term Unikont be changed to Amorphea because the name "Unikont" is based on a hypothesized synapomorphy that the ISP authors and other scientists later rejected. It includes amoebozoa, opisthokonts, and possibly Apusozoa. Taxonomic revisions within this group Cavalier-Smith has proposed two new phyla: Sulcozoa, which consists of the subphyla Apusozoa ( Apusomonadida and Breviatea), and Varisulca, which includes the subphyla Diphyllatea, Discocelida, Mantamonadidae, Planomonadida and Rigifilida. The validity of this propose ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Malawimonadea Malawimonadidae is a group of unicellular eukaryotes of outsize importance in understanding eukaryote phylogeny. Phylogeny Taxonomy * Phylum Neolouka Cavalier-Smith 2013 Class Malawimonadea Cavalier-Smith 2003 * Order Malawimonadida Cavalier-Smith 2003 ** Family Malawimonadidae O’Kelly & Nerad 1999 * Genus '' Gefionella'' Heiss, Ekelund & Simpson 2018 ** Species '' G. okellyi'' Heiss, Ekelund & Simpson 2018 * Genus ''Malawimonas ''Malawimonas'' is a Loukozoa genus, possible sister of the Podiata. History of the discovery of Malawimonads In 1993, Charles J O’ Kelly studied the jakobid groups flagellates and implications for the early diversification of eukaryotes and ...'' O’Kelly & Nerad 1999 ** Species '' M. californiana'' ** Species '' M. jakobiformis'' O’Kelly & Nerad 1999 References Excavata families {{Excavata-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Apusomonadida The Apusomonadida are a group of protozoan zooflagellates that glide on surfaces, and mostly consume prokaryotes. They are of particular evolutionary interest because they appear to be the sister group to the Opisthokonts, the clade that includes both animals and fungi. Together with the Breviatea, these form the Obazoa clade. Taxonomy * Class Apusomonadea Tedersoo 2017 Order Apusomonadida Karpov & Mylnikov 1989 hecomonadales Lee 1989* Family Apusomonadidae Karpov & Mylnikov 1989 ** Genus ''Amastigomonas'' de Saedeleer 1931 * Species '' A. caudata'' Mylnikov 1989 'Amastigomonas borokensis'' Hamar 1979* Species '' A. debruynei'' de Saedeleer 1931 * Species '' A. marisrubri'' Mylnikov & Mylnikov 2012 Genus ''Multimonas'' Cavalier-Smith 2010 * Species '' M. koreensis'' Heiss et al. 2015 * Species '' M. marina'' (Mylnikov 1989) Cavalier-Smith 2010 'Cercomonas marina'' Mylnikov 1989; ''Amastigomonas marina'' (Mylnikov 1989) Mylnikov 1999* Sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]