|
Pisemsky
Aleksey Feofilaktovich Pisemsky (russian: Алексе́й Феофила́ктович Пи́семский) () was a Russian novelist and dramatist who was regarded as an equal of Ivan Turgenev and Fyodor Dostoyevsky in the late 1850s, but whose reputation suffered a spectacular decline after his fall-out with ''Sovremennik'' magazine in the early 1860s. A realistic playwright, along with Aleksandr Ostrovsky he was responsible for the first dramatization of ordinary people in the history of Russian theatre.Banham (1998, 861). "Pisemsky's great narrative gift and exceptionally strong grip on reality make him one of the best Russian novelists," according to D.S. Mirsky. Pisemsky's first novel '' Boyarschina'' (1847, published 1858) was originally forbidden for its unflattering description of the Russian nobility. His principal novels are ''The Simpleton'' (1850), ''One Thousand Souls'' (1858), which is considered his best work of the kind, and ''Troubled Seas'', which gives a pic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Simpleton (novel)
''The Simpleton'' (russian: Тюфя′к, translit=''Tyufyak'', translated also as ''The Muff'') is the debut novel by Alexei Pisemsky, written in the late 1840 and first published in October and November 1850 by ''Moskvityanin''. The novel has met critical acclaim and made Pisemsky a popular author.Eryomin, M.P. The Works by A.F. Pisemsky in 3 volumes. Vol. 1. Khudozhestvennaya Literatura Publishers. Moscow-Leningrad, 1956. Commentaries to The Simpleton. Pp.536-539 Background In his autobiography Pisemsky wrote: "In 1846 I completed a large novel called '' Boyarschina''. In 1847 I sent it to ''Otechestvennye Zapiski'' and it was banned by the censors. By this time, while in the country, I've written another novel, ''Tyufyak'', but, defeated already in my aspirations, decided against sending it o the publishersand resumed my state service." Here Pisemsky got the date wrong: ''Boyarshina'' was sent to ''OZ'' in 1848 and, as the Soviet scholar Mikhail Eryomin noted, "there are re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boyarschina
''Boyarshchina'' (russian: Боя́рщина) is an early novel by Aleksey Pisemsky. Written in 1844-1846 under the original title ''Is She to Blame?'' (Виновата ли она?), it was published only in 1858 in ''Biblioteka Dlya Chteniya'' magazine (vol. 147, books 1 and 2).Yeryomin, Mikhail. ''Works by A.F.Pisemsky'' in 3 volumes. Khudozhestvennaya literatura. Moscow, 1956. Vol.1. Commentaries. pp.531-535. Background The novel has a long and complicated history which has been reconstructed only partially, according to Pisemsky's biographer M.P.Yeryomin. Pisemsky started working upon it in 1844 and finished it in 1845. In the 1858 magazine version he dated it "September 30, 1844, Moscow", then four years later, in the Stellovsky edition, "September 30, 1845, Moscow". Later in his autobiography and in a letter to his French translator Victor Dereli he insisted the novel was finished in 1846. The reason for this, according to Yeryomin, was the fact that the novel existed in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masons (novel)
''Masons'' (russian: Масоны) is a novel by Alexey Pisemsky started in the late 1878 and first published in 1880 in ''Ogonyok'' magazine (Nos. 1–6, 8-43). Pisemsky who regarded the Freemasonry Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities ... as a progressive force in Russia of the 1820s and 1830s based the narrative upon his personal childhood memories of the people he knew (among them his uncle Yury Bartenev) who belonged to the lodge. References External links''Масоны'' The original Russian text 1880 novels Novels by Aleksey Pisemsky Novels set in 19th-century Russia {{1880s-novel-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A Bitter Fate
''A Bitter Fate'' (russian: Горькая судьбина, ), also translated as ''A Bitter Lot'', is an 1859 realistic play by Aleksey Pisemsky.Banham (1998, 861) and Moser (1992, 273). Started in early 1859 in St. Petersburg, finished on 19 August and first published by ''Biblioteka Dlya Chteniya'' in November that year,Yeryomin, M.P.Commentaries to Горькая судьбина The Selected Works by A.F. Pisemsky. 1959 // А.Ф.Писемский. Собр. соч. в 9 томах. Том 9. Издательство "Правда" биб-ка "Огонек", Москва, 1959 the four-act play tackles serfdom in Russia and the social and moral divisions that it creates by means of a story that focuses on a provincial ''ménage à trois''. With the exception of Leo Tolstoy's ''The Power of Darkness'' (1886), it is the only major play to dramatise the experiences of peasants in the history of Russian realistic drama. It has been described as a masterpiece of the Russian the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandr Ostrovsky
Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky (russian: Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Остро́вский; ) was a Russian playwright, generally considered the greatest representative of the Russian realistic period. The author of 47 original plays, Ostrovsky "almost single-handedly created a Russian national repertoire." His dramas are among the most widely read and frequently performed stage pieces in Russia. Biography Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky was born on 12 April 1823, in the Zamoskvorechye region of Moscow, to Nikolai Fyodorovich Ostrovsky, a lawyer who received religious education. Nikolai's ancestors came from the village Ostrov in the Nerekhta region of Kostroma governorate, hence the surname. Later Nikolai Ostrovsky became a high-ranked state official and as such in 1839 received a nobility title with the corresponding privileges. His first wife and Alexander's mother, Lyubov Ivanovna Savvina, came from a clergyman's family. For some time the family lived in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kostroma
Kostroma ( rus, Кострома́, p=kəstrɐˈma) is a historic city and the administrative center of Kostroma Oblast, Russia. A part of the Golden Ring of Russian cities, it is located at the confluence of the rivers Volga and Kostroma. Population: History Under the Rurikids The official founding year of the city is 1152 by Yury Dolgoruky.Official website of KostromaKostroma Today/ref> Since many scholars believe that early Eastern Slavs tribes arrived in modern-day Belarus, Ukraine and western Russia AD 400 to 600, Kostroma could be much older than previously thought. The city has the same name as the East Slavic goddess Kostroma. Like other towns of the Eastern Rus, Kostroma was sacked by the Mongols in 1238. It then constituted a small principality, under leadership of Prince Vasily of Kostroma, a younger brother of the famous Alexander Nevsky. Upon inheriting the grand ducal title in 1271, Vasily didn't leave the town for Vladimir, and his descendants ruled Kostroma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vetluga
Vetluga (russian: Ветлу́га) is a town and the administrative center of Vetluzhsky District in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Vetluga River. Population: History It was founded in 1636 and granted town status in 1778. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Vetluga serves as the administrative center of Vetluzhsky District.Order #3-od As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Vetluzhsky District as the town of district significance of Vetluga. As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Vetluga is incorporated within Vetluzhsky Municipal District as Vetluga Urban Settlement.Law #109-Z Notable residents *Aleksey Pisemsky (1821–1881), novelist and dramatist, lived his first ten years at Vetluga *Vasily Rozanov (1856–1919), writer and philosopher, born in Vetluga *Viktor Rozov Viktor Sergeyevich Rozov (in russian: Виктор Сергеевич Розо ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilya Repin
Ilya Yefimovich Repin (russian: Илья Ефимович Репин, translit=Il'ya Yefimovich Repin, p=ˈrʲepʲɪn); fi, Ilja Jefimovitš Repin ( – 29 September 1930) was a Russian painter, born in what is now Ukraine. He became one of the most renowned artists in Russia during the 19th century. His major works include ''Barge Haulers on the Volga'' (1873), '' Religious Procession in Kursk Province'' (1880–1883), ''Ivan the Terrible and His Son Ivan'' (1885); and ''Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks'' (1880–1891). He is also known for the revealing portraits he made of the leading literary and artistic figures of his time, including Mikhail Glinka, Modest Mussorgsky, Pavel Tretyakov and especially Leo Tolstoy, with whom he had a long friendship. Repin was born in Chuguyev, in Kharkov Governorate of the Russian Empire. His father had served in an Uhlan Regiment in the Russian army, and then sold horses. Repin began painting icons at age sixteen. He failed at his first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Realism (theatre)
Realism in the theatre was a general movement that began in 19th-century theatre, around the 1870s, and remained present through much of the 20th century. It developed a set of dramatic and theatrical conventions with the aim of bringing a greater fidelity of real life to texts and performances. These conventions occur in the text, (set, costume, sound, and lighting) design, performance style, and narrative structure. They include recreating on stage a facsimile of real life except missing a fourth wall (on proscenium arch stages). Characters speak in naturalistic, authentic dialogue without verse or poetic stylings, and acting is meant to emulate human behaviour in real life. Narratives typically are psychologically driven, and include day-to-day, ordinary scenarios. Narrative action moves forward in time, and supernatural presences (gods, ghosts, fantastic phenomena) do not occur. Sound and music are diegetic only. Part of a broader artistic movement, it includes Naturalism and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defrocking
Defrocking, unfrocking, degradation, or laicization of clergy is the removal of their rights to exercise the functions of the ordained ministry. It may be grounded on criminal convictions, disciplinary problems, or disagreements over doctrine or dogma, but may also be done at their request for personal reasons, such as running for civil office, taking over a family business, declining health or old age, desire to marry against the rules for clergy in a particular church, or an unresolved dispute. The form of the procedure varies according to the Christian denomination concerned. The words "defrocking" or "unfrocking" refers to the ritual removal of the frock-like vestments of clergy and ministers. These rituals are generally no longer practiced and were sometimes separate from dismissals from ordained ministry, leading some to contend that modern use of "defrocking" is inaccurate. However, others maintain "defrocking" as a common synonym for laicization, one particularly popular in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimea
Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a population of 2.4 million. The peninsula is almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov. The Isthmus of Perekop connects the peninsula to Kherson Oblast in mainland Ukraine. To the east, the Crimean Bridge, constructed in 2018, spans the Strait of Kerch, linking the peninsula with Krasnodar Krai in Russia. The Arabat Spit, located to the northeast, is a narrow strip of land that separates the Sivash lagoons from the Sea of Azov. Across the Black Sea to the west lies Romania and to the south is Turkey. Crimea (called the Tauric Peninsula until the early modern period) has historically been at the boundary between the classical world and the steppe. Greeks colonized its southern fringe and were absorbed by the Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arithmetics
Arithmetic () is an elementary part of mathematics that consists of the study of the properties of the traditional operations on numbers—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation, and extraction of roots. In the 19th century, Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano formalized arithmetic with his Peano axioms, which are highly important to the field of mathematical logic today. History The prehistory of arithmetic is limited to a small number of artifacts, which may indicate the conception of addition and subtraction, the best-known being the Ishango bone from central Africa, dating from somewhere between 20,000 and 18,000 BC, although its interpretation is disputed. The earliest written records indicate the Egyptians and Babylonians used all the elementary arithmetic operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, as early as 2000 BC. These artifacts do not always reveal the specific process used for solving problems, but the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
