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Pirates Of The South China Coast
Pirates of the South China Coast () were Chinese pirates who were active throughout the South China Sea from the late 18th century to the 19th century, mainly from 1790 to 1810. Aftee 1805, the pirates of the South China Coast entered their most powerful period. Many pirates were fully trained by the Tây Sơn dynasty of Vietnam. They were called Ladrones by Richard Glasspoole. History Since the late 18th century, with the increase of the population, land annexation was becoming serious day by day. Many farmers lost their land, they became brigands or pirates. Giang Bình was known as pirate hotbed at that time. In early times, most of Chinese pirates were fishmen. They came to Giang Bình by boats to do business, though the private maritime trade was restricted by Chinese government. Giang Bình located near China–Vietnam border; it belonged to Vietnam since Lý dynasty, later, it was ceded to China after the end of the Sino-French War, present-day it was known as Jiangpi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pirate
Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal violence by ship or boat-borne attackers upon another ship or a coastal area, typically with the goal of stealing cargo and other valuable goods. Those who conduct acts of piracy are called pirates, vessels used for piracy are pirate ships. The earliest documented instances of piracy were in the 14th century BC, when the Sea Peoples, a group of ocean raiders, attacked the ships of the Aegean and Mediterranean civilisations. Narrow channels which funnel shipping into predictable routes have long created opportunities for piracy, as well as for privateering and commerce raiding. Historic examples include the waters of Gibraltar, the Strait of Malacca, Madagascar, the Gulf of Aden, and the English Channel, whose geographic structures facilitated pirate attacks. The term ''piracy'' generally refers to maritime piracy, although the term has been generalized to refer to acts committed on land, in the air, on computer networks, and (in scien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
He Xiwen
He Xiwen (, died 1801), or Hà Hỷ Văn in Vietnamese, was a Chinese pirate throughout the South China Sea in the late 1700s. His early life was unknown. He joined the White Lotus in Sichuan Province, China. Later, he migrated to Fujian Province, where he joint a pirate band that belonged to Tiandihui. His pirate fleet attacked the coast of Fujian and Guangdong. For reasons unknown he came to Southern Vietnam, perhaps because his fleet was attacked by Qing navy. He was thought to be the same person ''Hé Qǐwén'' (何起文, ''Hà Khởi Văn''), whom was a Chinese pirate mentioned in '' Veritable Records of Qing dynasty''. In 1786, his fleet was in Pulo Condor. He came into contact with Nguyễn Ánh. In the next year, Nguyễn Ánh came from Siam back to Southern Vietnam. When Ánh arrived in Ko Kut (''Cổ Cốt''), He swore allegiance to Nguyễn Ánh. Việt Nam sử lược, quyển 2, Chương 12 In return, he received the title ''tuần hải đô dinh'' (巡海都營). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Baptiste Chaigneau
Jean-Baptiste Chaigneau (1769–1832) was a French Navy sailor and an adventurer who played an important role in Vietnam in the 19th century. He served the Nguyễn dynasty from 1794 to 1819, and 1821 to 1826,Tran, p. 206. and took the Vietnamese name of Nguyễn Văn Thắng ( 阮 文 勝). Role in Vietnam Jean-Baptiste Chaigneau was among the soldiers who were gathered by Father Pierre Pigneau de Behaine to support the efforts of Nguyễn Phúc Ánh to conquer Vietnam. He came to Vietnam with Pigneau in 1794. Chaigneau supported the offensives of Nguyễn Ánh, such as the 1801 naval offensive in Thi Nai.McLeod, p.11 Once Nguyễn Ánh became emperor Gia Long, Chaigneau remained at the court to become a mandarin.Tran, p.16 Chaigneau received the title of ''truong co'', together with Philippe Vannier, de Forsans and Despiau, meaning second-class second-degree military mandarins, and later received the title of Grand Mandarin once Gia Long became emperor, with personal esc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thuận An Estuary
The Thuận An estuary (Vietnamese: Cửa Thuận An, demotic names: cửa Eo, cửa Nộn), is an important estuarine port on the Perfume River The Perfume River ( or ; ) is a river that crosses the city of Huế, in the central Vietnamese province of Thừa Thiên-Huế. In the autumn, flowers from orchards upriver from Huế fall into the water, giving the river a perfume-like aroma, ... in central Vietnam's Thừa Thiên–Huế Province.Nola Cooke, Tana Li -''Water Frontier: Commerce and the Chinese in the Lower Mekong ...'' - Page 60 2004 "Hue itself was situated five leagues upriver from the estuarine port of Thuan An and about eighteen leagues northwest of Tourane (Da Nang). It enjoyed good anchorage up to six fathoms deep. Local trade vessels of about one hundred tons ." References {{DEFAULTSORT:Thuan An estuary Landforms of Thừa Thiên Huế province Wetlands of Vietnam Estuaries of Asia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phú Xuân
Phú Xuân (富春) was the historic capital of the Nguyễn lords, the Tây Sơn dynasty, and later became the Nguyễn dynasty's capital (renamed Huế). History In 1306, the King of Champa Chế Mân offered Vietnam two Chăm prefectures, Ô and Lý, in exchange for marriage with a Vietnamese princess named Huyền Trân.Chapius, p.85. The Vietnamese emperor Trần Anh Tông accepted this offer. He took and renamed Ô and Lý prefectures to Thuận prefecture and Hóa prefecture, respectively, with both of them often referred to as ''Thuận Hóa'' region. In 1592, the Mạc dynasty was forced to flee to Cao Bằng and the Lê emperors were enthroned as ''de jure'' Vietnamese rulers under the leadership of Nguyễn Kim, the leader of Lê Dynasty loyalists. Later, Kim was poisoned by a Mạc Dynasty general which paved the way for his son-in-law, Trịnh Kiểm, to take over the leadership. Kim's eldest son, Nguyễn Uông, was also assassinated in order to secure Trịnh Ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiangsu
Jiangsu (; ; pinyin: Jiāngsū, Postal romanization, alternatively romanized as Kiangsu or Chiangsu) is an Eastern China, eastern coastal Provinces of the People's Republic of China, province of the China, People's Republic of China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its capital in Nanjing. Jiangsu is the List of Chinese administrative divisions by area, third smallest, but the List of Chinese administrative divisions by population, fifth most populous and the List of Chinese administrative divisions by population density, most densely populated of the 23 provinces of the People's Republic of China. Jiangsu has the highest GDP per capita of Chinese provinces and second-highest GDP of Chinese provinces, after Guangdong. Jiangsu borders Shandong in the north, Anhui to the west, and Zhejiang and Shanghai to the south. Jiangsu has a coastline of over along the Yellow Sea, and the Yangtze River passes through the southern part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhejiang
Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an eastern, coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiangsu and Shanghai to the north, Anhui to the northwest, Jiangxi to the west and Fujian to the south. To the east is the East China Sea, beyond which lies the Ryukyu Islands. The population of Zhejiang stands at 64.6 million, the 8th highest among China. It has been called 'the backbone of China' due to being a major driving force in the Chinese economy and being the birthplace of several notable persons, including the Chinese Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek and entrepreneur Jack Ma. Zhejiang consists of 90 counties (incl. county-level cities and districts). The area of Zhejiang was controlled by the Kingdom of Yue during the Spring and Autumn period. The Qin Empire later annexed it in 222 BC. Under the late Ming dynasty and the Qing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujian
Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its capital is Fuzhou, while its largest city by population is Quanzhou, both located near the coast of the Taiwan Strait in the east of the province. While its population is predominantly of Chinese ethnicity, it is one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse provinces in China. The dialects of the language group Min Chinese were most commonly spoken within the province, including the Fuzhou dialect of northeastern Fujian and various Hokkien dialects of southeastern Fujian. Hakka Chinese is also spoken, by the Hakka people in Fujian. Min dialects, Hakka and Mandarin Chinese are mutually unintelligible. Due to emigration, a sizable amount of the ethnic Chinese populations of Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guangdong
Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) across a total area of about , Guangdong is the most populous province of China and the 15th-largest by area as well as the second-most populous country subdivision in the world (after Uttar Pradesh in India). Its economy is larger than that of any other province in the nation and the fifth largest sub-national economy in the world with a GDP (nominal) of 1.95 trillion USD (12.4 trillion CNY) in 2021. The Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, a Chinese megalopolis, is a core for high technology, manufacturing and foreign trade. Located in this zone are two of the four top Chinese cities and the top two Chinese prefecture-level cities by GDP; Guangzhou, the capital of the province, and Shenzhen, the first special economic zone in the count ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zheng Qi (pirate)
Zheng Qi (also spelled Ching Tsih or Cheng Chi; born Zheng Yaohuang; 1760 – September 1802) was a powerful Chinese pirate operating from Canton (Guangdong) and throughout the South China Sea in the late 1700s. History He was born Zheng Yaohuang in Xin'an County, Guangdong, Qing China (modern Shenzhen and Hong Kong) in 1760. He was the seventh son of his pirate father Zheng Lianfu (鄭連福) and his wife Lin Xiu (林秀), hence the nickname Zheng Qi. Zheng Qi was recruited by Tay Son dynasty in 1788, and later became one of the most important subordinates under Chen Tianbao. From 1788 to 1799, Zheng frequently attacked southern coast of Qing China together with Mo Guanfu, Liang Wengeng (梁文庚) and Fan Wencai (樊文才). The Qing navy feared them. In 1795, Zheng Qi abducted a 12-year-old boy named He Song (何送) and raised him as his adopted son. Few years later, Zheng Qi gave him a captive female as his bride and seven hundred of silver (''liang'') to set up store ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mo Guanfu
Mo Guanfu ( or; Vietnamese: ''Mạc Quan Phù'', ?–1801) was a powerful Chinese pirate throughout the South China Sea in the late 1700s. Mo was born to a woodsman's family in Suixi County, Guangdong. He was kidnapped by the pirates in 1787. His family was too poor to pay ransom, so he had to join in the pirate group. He was recruited by Tay Son dynasty in 1788, and later became one of the most important subordinates under Chen Tien-pao, and was granted the title ''Đông Hải Vương'' (Han tu: 東海王, ''prince of East Sea'') by Nguyễn Huệ. From 1788 to 1799, Mo frequently attacked the southern coast of Qing China together with Zheng Qi, Liang Wengeng (梁文庚) and Fan Wencai (樊文才). Tay Son army was utterly beaten by his rival Nguyen lord in 1801 and, Mo was captured by Nguyen lord together with Liang Wen-keng and Fan Wen-tsai. They were extradited to China and later Lingchi in Guangzhou. See also *Pirates of the South China Coast Pirates of the So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chen Tianbao
Chen Tianbao (; Vietnamese: Trần Thiên Bảo) was a fisherman turned into powerful Chinese pirate operating from Guangdong and throughout the South China Sea in the late 1700s. Later he became a general and naval commander of Tay Son dynasty in Vietnam. Chen was born to a fisherman's family in Lianzhou, Guangdong (modern Hepu County, Guangxi). In October 1780, his fishing vessel was shipwrecked near the northern Vietnam, and he had to stay there. The Tay Son brothers conquered northern Vietnam, he was forced to join the Tay Son army in 1783. He was very skillful at sailing and later appointed as general. He was the commander of Tay Son navy, helped Tay Son against the threats from the sea. From 1788 to 1799, he ordered his four subordinates, Mo Guanfu, Zheng Qi, Liang Wengeng (梁文庚) and Fan Wencai (樊文才), all Chinese pirates, to launch frequent attacks on the southern coast of Qing China. Chen also played an important role during the civil war between Tay Son and Ng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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