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Phalangioidea
Phalangioidea is a superfamily of the harvestman suborder Eupnoi with five recognized families and more than 1,500 species. It is not to be confused with the similar spelled subfamily Phalangodoidea, which is also a harvestman superfamily, but within the suborder Laniatores. Families * Monoscutidae (5 genera, 32 species) * Neopilionidae (8 genera, 15 species) * Sclerosomatidae (148 genera, 1273 species) * Stygophalangiidae (1 species: ''Stygophalangium karamani'' Oudemans, 1933) (former Yugoslavia) * Phalangiidae The Phalangiidae are a family of harvestmen with about 380 known species. The best known is ''Phalangium opilio''. ''Dicranopalpus ramosus'' is an invasive species in Europe. It is not to be confused with the harvestman family Phalangodidae, wh ... (49 genera, 381 species) * Protolophidae (1 genus '' Protolophus'') Banks, 1893 Harvestmen Arachnid superfamilies {{Opiliones-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvestman
The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of extant species may exceed 10,000. The order Opiliones includes five suborders: Cyphophthalmi, Eupnoi, Dyspnoi, Laniatores, and Tetrophthalmi, which were named in 2014. Representatives of each extant suborder can be found on all continents except Antarctica. Well-preserved fossils have been found in the 400-million-year-old Rhynie cherts of Scotland, and 305-million-year-old rocks in France. These fossils look surprisingly modern, indicating that their basic body shape developed very early on, and, at least in some taxa, has changed little since that time. Their phylogenetic position within the Arachnida is disputed; their closest relatives may be the mites (Acari) or the Novogenuata (the Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones, and Solifugae). Althou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eupnoi
The Eupnoi are a suborder of harvestmen, with more than 200 genera, and about 1,700 described species. They consist of two superfamilies, the Phalangioidea with many long-legged species common to northern temperate regions, and the small group Caddoidea, which have prominent eyes and spiny pedipalps. (2007): Morphology and Functional Anatomy. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 17f Examples of this suborder include ''Hadrobunus grandis'' (Sclerosomatidae), ''Phalangium opilio'' and ''Dicranopalpus ramosus'' (Phalangiidae). Distribution Caddoidea are mostly found in temperate zones of both hemispheres; however, they are known from the Palearctic only from Japan, and from Baltic amber (about 40 million years old). One species known from Japan is also found in North America, where several more species are found. Other species occur in Southern South America, Venezuela, New Zealand and Australia. Neopilionidae show a Gondwanan distribution, with species found in South America, Sout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvestmen
The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of extant species may exceed 10,000. The order Opiliones includes five suborders: Cyphophthalmi, Eupnoi, Dyspnoi, Laniatores, and Tetrophthalmi, which were named in 2014. Representatives of each extant suborder can be found on all continents except Antarctica. Well-preserved fossils have been found in the 400-million-year-old Rhynie cherts of Scotland, and 305-million-year-old rocks in France. These fossils look surprisingly modern, indicating that their basic body shape developed very early on, and, at least in some taxa, has changed little since that time. Their phylogenetic position within the Arachnida is disputed; their closest relatives may be the mites (Acari) or the Novogenuata (the Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones, and Solifugae). Altho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phalangodoidea
The Phalangodoidea are a superfamily of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with three recognized families and 220 species. It is not to be confused with the similarly spelled subfamily Phalangioidea, which is also a harvestman superfamily, but within the suborder Eupnoi. Families * Oncopodidae Thorell, 1876 (about 70 species) * Phalangodidae The Phalangodidae are a family of harvestmen with about 30 genera and more than 100 described species, distributed in the Holarctic region. It is not to be confused with the harvestman family Phalangiidae, which is in the suborder Eupnoi. ... Simon, 1879 (about 100 species) * Pyramidopidae Starega (about 50 species) Harvestmen Arthropod superfamilies {{Opiliones-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoscutidae
The Monoscutidae are a family of harvestmen with 32 known species that all occur in or near Australia and New Zealand. Species range in body length from two to three millimeters (Monoscutinae) and three to ten mm (Megalopsalidinae). The chelicerae are enormously enlarged in males of the subfamily Megalopsalidinae. Most species are coloured in shades of browns to black. ''Megalopsalis inconstans'' is jet black with bright orange patches on the carapace; ''Acihasta salebrosa'' is tan and brown with many white and gold specks over the dorsum. (2007): Monoscutidae Forster, 1948. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 119ff The Monoscutidae are closely related to the Neopilionidae, which also occur in the Southern hemisphere. Species * Megalopsalidinae Forster, 1949 :* '' Megalopsalis'' Roewer, 1923 ::* '' Megalopsalis serritarsus'' (Sørensen, 1886) (New South Wales; type species) ::* '' Megalopsalis chiltoni'' (Hogg, 1910) (New Zealand) :::* ''Megalopsalis chiltoni'' (Hogg, 1910) : ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neopilionidae
The Neopilionidae are a family of harvestmen. It has a clearly Gondwanan distribution, with species found in Australia, South Africa and South America, and probably represent relicts of that time. The family members range in size from the small ''Americovibone lancafrancoae'' (0.9 mm) to over 4 mm in the Enantiobuninae. (2007): Neopilionidae Lawrence, 1931. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 121ff Some species of Enantiobuninae have blue pigmentation, which is rather unusual in harvestmen. Name The family name is a contraction of Ancient Greek ''neo'' "new" and Latin '' Opilio'', a genus of harvestman. Subdivisions According to the Catalogue of Life, Neopilionidae includes three subfamilies, which contain a total of 19 genera and 78 species. * Ballarrinae Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 ** '' Americovibone'' Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 ** '' Arrallaba'' Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 ** '' Ballarra'' Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 ** '' Plesioballarra'' Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 ** ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sclerosomatidae
The Sclerosomatidae are a family of harvestmen with about 1,300 known species. Name The name is combined from Ancient Greek ''skleros'' "hard" and ''soma'' "body". (2007): Sclerosomatidae. Simon, 1879. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 127ff Genera * Gagrellinae Thorell, 1889 :* ''Abaetetuba'' Tourinho-Davis, 2004 (5 species) :* '' Adungrella'' Roewer, 1955 (3 species) :* '' Akalpia'' Roewer, 1915 (2 species; India and Japan) :* '' Altobunus'' Roewer, 1910 (3 species; Celebes and Philippines) :* '' Amazonesia'' Soares, 1970 (2 species) :* '' Antigrella'' Roewer, 1954 (1 species) :* '' Aurivilliola'' Roewer, 1910 (17 species; South and Southeast Asia) :* '' Azucarella'' Roewer, 1959 (1 species) :* '' Bakerinulus'' Roewer, 1955 (1 species) :* '' Bastia'' Roewer, 1910 (3 species; South and Southeast Asia) :* '' Bastioides'' Mello-Leitão, 1931 (1 species; South America) :* '' Baturitia'' Roewer, 1931 (1 species; Sunda Islands) :* '' Biceropsis'' Roewer, 1935 (1 species; Burma) : ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stygophalangiidae
''Stygophalangium karamani'' is a species of arachnid. Although sometimes classified as a harvestman in the infraorder Eupnoi (Phalangioidea), its identity is uncertain, but it is probably a species of Acari (mites). Name The genus name is a combination of Styx, the river of Greek mythology A major branch of classical mythology, Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the ancient Greeks, and a genre of Ancient Greek folklore. These stories concern the origin and nature of the world, the lives and activities ... and the harvestman genus '' Phalangium''. The species is named after zoologist Stanko Karaman, who collected the described specimen. References * Joel Hallan's Biology CatalogStygophalangiidae Harvestmen Animals described in 1933 Arachnids of Europe Cave arachnids Taxa named by Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans {{Opiliones-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stygophalangium Karamani
''Stygophalangium karamani'' is a species of arachnid. Although sometimes classified as a harvestman in the infraorder Eupnoi (Phalangioidea), its identity is uncertain, but it is probably a species of Acari (mites). Name The genus name is a combination of Styx, the river of Greek mythology A major branch of classical mythology, Greek mythology is the body of myths originally told by the ancient Greeks, and a genre of Ancient Greek folklore. These stories concern the origin and nature of the world, the lives and activities ... and the harvestman genus '' Phalangium''. The species is named after zoologist Stanko Karaman, who collected the described specimen. References * Joel Hallan's Biology CatalogStygophalangiidae Harvestmen Animals described in 1933 Arachnids of Europe Cave arachnids Taxa named by Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans {{Opiliones-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phalangium Opilio
''Phalangium opilio'' is a species of harvestman belonging to the family Phalangiidae. Distribution It is "the most widespread species of harvestman in the world", occurring natively in Europe, and much of Asia. The species has been introduced to North America, North Africa and New Zealand. Habitat This species can be found in a wide range of habitats, including meadows, bogs, forests, and various types of anthropogenic habitats, such as gardens, fields, hedgerows, lawns, quarries, green places in built-up areas, walls and bridges. Description Females have a body length of , males are slightly smaller at . Males however have longer legs; the second leg is about in males and in females. Males and females are similarly coloured and marked, although males' markings tend to be less clear. The body has a three-lobed darker "saddle", usually with spots or dashes in the midline. Both sexes show many tubercules with small spikes on the anterior surface of their body. '' Mitopus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laniatores
Laniatores is the largest suborder of the arachnid order Opiliones with over 4,000 described species worldwide. The majority of the species are highly dependent on humid environments and usually correlated with tropical and temperate forest habitats. Laniatores are typically (relatively) short-legged, hard-plated, spiny Opiliones, common under logs and stones, in leaf litter and in caves. They often have spiny pedipalps and paired or branched claws on the third and fourth pairs of legs.Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 17 The largest family is Gonyleptidae Sundevall, 1833, endemic of the Neotropics, with over 800 valid species and showing many cases of maternal and paternal care. Identification The dorsal scutum consists of a single piece, with the carapace or peltidium entirely fused with abdominal scutum. The pedipalpus is usually robust and armed with strong spines. The ovipositor is short and unsegmented (derived character state shared with the Dyspnoi). The penis is complex, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phalangiidae
The Phalangiidae are a family of harvestmen with about 380 known species. The best known is ''Phalangium opilio''. ''Dicranopalpus ramosus'' is an invasive species in Europe. It is not to be confused with the harvestman family Phalangodidae, which belongs to the suborder Laniatores. Name The name of the type genus is derived from Ancient Greek ''phalangion'' "harvestman". (2007): Phalangiidae Latreille, 1802. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 123ff Systematics * Dicranopalpinae :* '' Amilenus'' Martens, 1969 (1 species; central Europe) :* '' Dicranopalpus'' Doleschall, 1852 (12 species; Europe, South America) :* '' Lanthanopilio'' Cokendolpher & Cokendolpher, 1984 (1 species) * Oligolophinae Banks, 1893 :* '' Lacinius'' Thorell, 1876 (17 species; China, Europe, North America) :* '' Mitopiella'' Banks, 1930 (1 species; Borneo) :* '' Mitopus'' Thorell, 1876 (9 species; Eurasia, North America) :* '' Odiellus'' Roewer, 1923 (17 species; Eurasia, North Africa, North America) :* ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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