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Paramphistomum
''Paramphistomum'' is a genus of parasitic flatworms belonging to the digenetic trematodes. It includes flukes which are mostly parasitising livestock ruminants, as well as some wild mammals. They are responsible for the serious disease called paramphistomiasis, also known as amphistomosis, especially in cattle and sheep. Its symptoms include profuse diarrhoea, anaemia, lethargy, and often result in death if untreated. They are found throughout the world, and most abundantly in livestock farming regions such as Australia, Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Russia. The generic name was introduced by F. Fischoeder in 1901 for the replacement of the then existing genus ''Amphistoma'' (Rudolphi, 1809). Under the new genus he redescribed both '' Paramphistomum cervi'' and ''P. bothriophoron'' and designated the former as the type species. Species Due to striking resemblance with each other and with other amphistomes, a number of described species are known to be synonymous. Some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramphistomum Gotoi
''Paramphistomum'' is a genus of parasitic flatworms belonging to the digenetic trematodes. It includes flukes which are mostly parasitising livestock ruminants, as well as some wild mammals. They are responsible for the serious disease called paramphistomiasis, also known as amphistomosis, especially in cattle and sheep. Its symptoms include profuse diarrhoea, anaemia, lethargy, and often result in death if untreated. They are found throughout the world, and most abundantly in livestock farming regions such as Australia, Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Russia. The generic name was introduced by F. Fischoeder in 1901 for the replacement of the then existing genus ''Amphistoma'' (Rudolphi, 1809). Under the new genus he redescribed both '' Paramphistomum cervi'' and ''P. bothriophoron'' and designated the former as the type species. Species Due to striking resemblance with each other and with other amphistomes, a number of described species are known to be synonymous. So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramphistomum Cracile
''Paramphistomum'' is a genus of parasitic flatworms belonging to the digenetic trematodes. It includes flukes which are mostly parasitising livestock ruminants, as well as some wild mammals. They are responsible for the serious disease called paramphistomiasis, also known as amphistomosis, especially in cattle and sheep. Its symptoms include profuse diarrhoea, anaemia, lethargy, and often result in death if untreated. They are found throughout the world, and most abundantly in livestock farming regions such as Australia, Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Russia. The generic name was introduced by F. Fischoeder in 1901 for the replacement of the then existing genus ''Amphistoma'' (Rudolphi, 1809). Under the new genus he redescribed both '' Paramphistomum cervi'' and ''P. bothriophoron'' and designated the former as the type species. Species Due to striking resemblance with each other and with other amphistomes, a number of described species are known to be synonymous. So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramphistomum Cotylophorum
''Paramphistomum'' is a genus of parasitic flatworms belonging to the digenetic trematodes. It includes flukes which are mostly parasitising livestock ruminants, as well as some wild mammals. They are responsible for the serious disease called paramphistomiasis, also known as amphistomosis, especially in cattle and sheep. Its symptoms include profuse diarrhoea, anaemia, lethargy, and often result in death if untreated. They are found throughout the world, and most abundantly in livestock farming regions such as Australia, Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Russia. The generic name was introduced by F. Fischoeder in 1901 for the replacement of the then existing genus ''Amphistoma'' (Rudolphi, 1809). Under the new genus he redescribed both '' Paramphistomum cervi'' and ''P. bothriophoron'' and designated the former as the type species. Species Due to striking resemblance with each other and with other amphistomes, a number of described species are known to be synonymous. So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramphistomum Cervi
''Paramphistomum cervi'', the type species of ''Paramphistomum'', is a parasitic flat worm belonging to the class Trematoda. It is a tiny fluke mostly parasitising livestock ruminants, as well as some wild mammals. Uniquely, unlike most parasites, the adult worms are relatively harmless, but it is the developing juveniles that cause serious disease called paramphistomiasis (or classically amphistomosis), especially in cattle and sheep. Its symptoms include profuse diarrhoea, anaemia, lethargy, and often result in death if untreated. It can be found in many regions of the world, including Australia, Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Russia. It is most commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions. The most debilitating cases are reported in Europe from Bulgaria, Italy, France, and Poland and also in Asia from Thailand, India, and China. The parasitic infection was first described from Punjab, India. Description Adult ''P. cervi'' is conical in shape, the anterior e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphistomiasis
Amphistomiasis is a parasitic disease of livestock animals, more commonly of cattle and sheep, and humans caused by immature helminthic flatworms belonging to the order Echinostomida. The term amphistomiasis is used for broader connotation implying the disease inflicted by members of Echinostomida including the family Paramphistomidae/Gastrodiscidae (to be precise, the species '' Gastrodiscoides hominis''); whereas paramphistomiasis is restricted to that of the members of the family Paramphistomatidae only. ''G. discoides'' and ''Watsonius watsoni'' are responsible for the disease in humans, while most paramphistomes are responsible in livestock animals, and some wild mammals. In livestock industry the disease causes heavy economic backlashes due to poor production of milk, meat and wool. Signs and symptoms Symptoms include: * Foul smell of feces, greasy consistency and diarrhea * Anorexia, refusal to eat food * Thristy and frequent drinking of water * Dull and depressed * Ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramphistomatidae
Paramphistomidae is a family of trematodes in the order Plagiorchiida. Classification This family contains two subfamilies consisting of 17 genera.Jones, A., Bray, R. A., & Gibson, D. I. (Eds.). (2002). ''Keys to the Trematoda'' (Vol. 1). CABI Publishing and The Natural History Museum. * Paramphistominae **'' Calicophoron'' ** ''Cotylophoron'' ** ''Explanatum'' ** ''Gigantocotyle'' ** ''Paramphistomum ''Paramphistomum'' is a genus of parasitic flatworms belonging to the digenetic trematodes. It includes flukes which are mostly parasitising livestock ruminants, as well as some wild mammals. They are responsible for the serious disease called ...'' ** ''Ugandocotyle'' * Orthocoeliinae **''Bilatorchis'' ** ''Buxifrons'' ** ''Gigantoatrium'' ** ''Glyptamphistoma'' ** ''Leiperocotyle'' **''Nilocotyle'' **''Orthocoelium'' **''Platyamphistoma'' **''Sellsitrema'' * Genus of unknown rank ** ''Macropharynx'' References Plagiorchiida Trematode families {{trematoda-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asia
Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Its 4.7 billion people constitute roughly 60% of the world's population. In general terms, Asia is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean, and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. The border of Asia with Europe is a historical and cultural construct, as there is no clear physical and geographical separation between them. It is somewhat arbitrary and has moved since its first conception in classical antiquity. The division of Eurasia into two continents reflects East–West cultural, linguistic, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lethargy
Lethargy is a state of tiredness, sleepiness, weariness, fatigue, sluggishness or lack of energy. It can be accompanied by depression, decreased motivation, or apathy. Lethargy can be a normal response to inadequate sleep, overexertion, overworking, stress, lack of exercise, improper nutrition, boredom, or a symptom of an underlying illness or a disorder. It may also be a side-effect of medication or caused by an interaction between medications or medication(s) and alcohol. It may also be an altered level of consciousness. When part of a normal response, lethargy often resolves with rest, adequate sleep, decreased stress, physical exercise, and good nutrition. Lethargy's symptoms however can last days or even months, so it can be a sign of a recent underlying illness or infection if it doesn't resolve normally. See also * Clinical depression Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as clinical depression, is a mental disorder characterized by at least two wee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farming
Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in cities. The history of agriculture began thousands of years ago. After gathering wild grains beginning at least 105,000 years ago, nascent farmers began to plant them around 11,500 years ago. Sheep, goats, pigs and cattle were domesticated over 10,000 years ago. Plants were independently cultivated in at least 11 regions of the world. Industrial agriculture based on large-scale monoculture in the twentieth century came to dominate agricultural output, though about 2 billion people still depended on subsistence agriculture. The major agricultural products can be broadly grouped into foods, fibers, fuels, and raw materials (such as rubber). Food classes include cereals ( grains), vegetables, fruits, cooking oils, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, smaller islands. With an area of , Australia is the largest country by area in Oceania and the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, sixth-largest country. Australia is the oldest, flattest, and driest inhabited continent, with the least fertile soils. It is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates, with Deserts of Australia, deserts in the centre, tropical Forests of Australia, rainforests in the north-east, and List of mountains in Australia, mountain ranges in the south-east. The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south east Asia approximately Early human migrations#Nearby Oceania, 65,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Period, last i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eighth of Earth's inhabitable landmass. Russia extends across eleven time zones and shares land boundaries with fourteen countries, more than any other country but China. It is the world's ninth-most populous country and Europe's most populous country, with a population of 146 million people. The country's capital and largest city is Moscow, the largest city entirely within Europe. Saint Petersburg is Russia's cultural centre and second-largest city. Other major urban areas include Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, and Kazan. The East Slavs emerged as a recognisable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries CE. Kievan Rus' arose as a state in the 9th century, and in 988, it adopted Orthodox Christianity from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area.Sayre, April Pulley (1999), ''Africa'', Twenty-First Century Books. . With billion people as of , it accounts for about of the world's human population. Africa's population is the youngest amongst all the continents; the median age in 2012 was 19.7, when the worldwide median age was 30.4. Despite a wide range of natural resources, Africa is the least wealthy continent per capita and second-least wealthy by total wealth, behind Oceania. Scholars have attributed this to different factors including geography, climate, tribalism, colonialism, the Cold War, neocolonialism, lack of democracy, and corruption. Despite this low concentration of wealth, recent economic expansion and the large and young population make Afric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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