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Paguristes Cadenati
''Paguristes cadenati'', the red reef hermit crab or scarlet hermit crab, is a small (about across) species of hermit crab with a bright red body and yellow eyestalks that lives in the Caribbean Sea. The specific name honours the French ichthyologist Jean Cadenat (1908-1992), who collected the type specimen and sent it to the French carcinologist Jacques Forest, who described it as a new species. Description The red reef hermit crab grows to a length of about . The limbs and chelae (pincers) are smooth and hairless, and the left chela is slightly larger than the right one; the abdomen is unarmoured and is concealed in the recesses of the gastropod mollusc shell that protects it. The general colour of this hermit crab is bright red with the exception of the antennae, which are deep red, and the elongated eyestalks, which are yellow or yellowish-orange. The corneas of the eyes are yellowish-green. It could be confused with the orange-claw hermit crab (''Calcinus tibicen'') wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Forest
Jacques Forest (14 June 1920 – 16 February 2012) was a French carcinologist. Biography Born in Créteil on 14 June 1920, Jacques Forest grew up in Maubeuge. He served in the army for a year during the Second World War, and went on to study at the University of Lille after demobilisation. After graduating, he worked for several years for the ' ("scientific and technical office for marine fisheries"; now part of IFREMER); his early publications concerned a variety of fish species. In 1949, he joined the ' in Paris, where he would remain for the rest of his career. In association with Jean-Louis Fage, Forest began working on hermit crabs, and rapidly became an expert; he described over 70 new species in the family Diogenidae, for example. He also published on other Decapoda, including crabs and, most significantly, ''Neoglyphea inopinata'', a living species of a group previously considered long-since extinct. Forest was also an enthusiastic field biologist, and took part in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calcinus Tibicen
''Calcinus'' is a genus of hermit crabs in the family Diogenidae, containing the following species: *'' Calcinus albengai'' Poupin & Lemaitre, 2003 *''Calcinus anani'' Poupin & McLaughlin, 1998 *'' Calcinus argus'' Wooster, 1984 *'' Calcinus californiensis'' Bouvier, 1898 *''Calcinus chilensis'' (H. Milne Edwards, 1836) *''Calcinus dapsiles'' Mogan, 1989 *''Calcinus elegans'' (H. Milne-Edwards, 1836) *''Calcinus explorator'' Boone, 1930 *''Calcinus gaimardii'' (H. Milne-Edwards, 1848) *'' Calcinus gouti'' Poupin, 1997 *'' Calcinus guamensis'' Wooster, 1984 *''Calcinus haigae'' Wooster, 1984 *''Calcinus hakahau'' Poupin & McLaughlin, 1998 *''Calcinus hazletti'' Haig & McLaughlin, 1984 *''Calcinus imperialis'' Whitelegge, 1901 *''Calcinus inconspicuus'' Morgan, 1991 *''Calcinus isabellae'' Poupin, 1997 *''Calcinus kurozumii'' Asakura & Tachikawa, 2000 *''Calcinus laevimanus'' (Randall, 1840) *''Calcinus latens'' (Randall, 1840) *''Calcinus laurentae'' Haig & McLaughlin, 1984 *''Calc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hermit Crabs
Hermit crabs are anomuran decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea that have adapted to occupy empty scavenged mollusc shells to protect their fragile exoskeletons. There are over 800 species of hermit crab, most of which possess an asymmetric abdomen concealed by a snug-fitting shell. Hermit crabs' soft (non-calcified) abdominal exoskeleton means they must occupy shelter produced by other organisms or risk being defenseless. The strong association between hermit crabs and their shelters has significantly influenced their biology. Almost 800 species carry mobile shelters (most often calcified snail shells); this protective mobility contributes to the diversity and multitude of crustaceans found in almost all marine environments. In most species, development involves metamorphosis from symmetric, free-swimming larvae to morphologically asymmetric, benthic-dwelling, shell-seeking crabs. Such physiological and behavioral extremes facilitate a transition to a sheltered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria (), also known as Cyanophyta, are a phylum of gram-negative bacteria that obtain energy via photosynthesis. The name ''cyanobacteria'' refers to their color (), which similarly forms the basis of cyanobacteria's common name, blue-green algae, although they are not usually scientifically classified as algae. They appear to have originated in a freshwater or terrestrial environment. Sericytochromatia, the proposed name of the paraphyletic and most basal group, is the ancestor of both the non-photosynthetic group Melainabacteria and the photosynthetic cyanobacteria, also called Oxyphotobacteria. Cyanobacteria use photosynthetic pigments, such as carotenoids, phycobilins, and various forms of chlorophyll, which absorb energy from light. Unlike heterotrophic prokaryotes, cyanobacteria have internal membranes. These are flattened sacs called thylakoids where photosynthesis is performed. Phototrophic eukaryotes such as green plants perform photosynthesis in plast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reef Aquarium
A reef aquarium or reef tank is a marine aquarium that prominently displays live corals and other marine invertebrates as well as fish that play a role in maintaining the tropical coral reef environment. A reef aquarium requires appropriately intense lighting, turbulent water movement, and more stable water chemistry than fish-only marine aquaria, and careful consideration is given to which reef animals are appropriate and compatible with each other. Components Reef aquariums consist of a number of components, in addition to the livestock, including: *Display tank: The primary tank in which the livestock are kept and shown. *Stand: A stand allows for placement of the display tank at eye level and provides space for storage of the accessory components. *Sump: An accessory tank in which mechanical equipment is kept. A remote sump allows for a clutter-free display tank. *Refugium: An accessory tank dedicated to the cultivation of beneficial macroalgae and microflora/fauna. The re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasum
''Vasum'', common name the vase snails or vase shells, is a genus of mostly rather large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks within the family Turbinellidae.Bouchet, P. (2011). Vasum Röding, 1798. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=205505 on 15 April 2012 Shell description Shells of species in this genus are usually somewhat large, and are usually very thick and heavy. They are often vase-shaped, in the sense that the shell of most of the species is more or less widely conical. The shells have a thick periostracum, a low spires, and 2, 3 or 4 plaits on the columella. Species Species within the genus ''Vasum'' include: * ''Vasum armatum'' (Broderip, 1833) * '' Vasum caestus'' (Broderip, 1833) * '' Vasum capitellum'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Vasum cassiforme'' (Kiener, 1840) * '' Vasum ceramicum'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * '' Vasum globulus'' (Lamarck, 1816) * '' Vasum lactisfloris'' Ferrario, 1983 * '' V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerithium
''Cerithium'' is a genus of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cerithiidae, the ceriths.Gofas, S. (2011). Cerithium Bruguière, 1789. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137760 on 2011-10-07 Species Species within this genus include: *'' Cerithium abditum'' Houbrick, 1992 * '' Cerithium adustum'' Kiener, 1841 *'' Cerithium africanum'' Houbrick, 1992 *'' Cerithium albolineatum'' Bozzetti, 2008 *'' Cerithium alucastrum'' (Brocchi, 1814) * '' Cerithium alutaceum'' (Gould, 1861) *'' Cerithium atratum'' (Born, 1778) *'' Cerithium atromarginatum'' Dautzenberg & Bouge, 1933 *'' Cerithium balletoni'' Cecalupo, 2009 *''Cerithium balteatum'' Philippi, 1848 *'' Cerithium bayeri'' (Petuch, 2001) *''Cerithium boeticum'' Pease, 1860 * '' Cerithium browni'' (Bartsch, 1928) *'' Cerithium buzzurroi'' Cecalupo, 2005 *'' Cerithium caeruleum'' Sowerby, 1855 * † '' Cerithi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plankton
Plankton are the diverse collection of organisms found in Hydrosphere, water (or atmosphere, air) that are unable to propel themselves against a Ocean current, current (or wind). The individual organisms constituting plankton are called plankters. In the ocean, they provide a crucial source of food to many small and large aquatic organisms, such as bivalves, fish and whales. Marine plankton include bacteria, archaea, algae, protozoa and drifting or floating animals that inhabit the saltwater of oceans and the brackish waters of estuaries. Freshwater plankton are similar to marine plankton, but are found in the freshwaters of lakes and rivers. Plankton are usually thought of as inhabiting water, but there are also airborne versions, the aeroplankton, that live part of their lives drifting in the atmosphere. These include plant spores, pollen and wind-scattered seeds, as well as microorganisms swept into the air from terrestrial dust storms and oceanic plankton swept into the air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Detritus
In biology, detritus () is dead particulate organic material, as distinguished from dissolved organic material. Detritus typically includes the bodies or fragments of bodies of dead organisms, and fecal material. Detritus typically hosts communities of microorganisms that colonize and decompose (i.e. remineralize) it. In terrestrial ecosystems it is present as leaf litter and other organic matter that is intermixed with soil, which is denominated " soil organic matter". The detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic material that is suspended in the water and accumulates in depositions on the floor of the body of water; when this floor is a seabed, such a deposition is denominated "marine snow". Theory The corpses of dead plants or animals, material derived from animal tissues (e.g. molted skin), and fecal matter gradually lose their form due to physical processes and the action of decomposers, including grazers, bacteria, and fungi. Decomposition, the process by which or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scavenger
Scavengers are animals that consume dead organisms that have died from causes other than predation or have been killed by other predators. While scavenging generally refers to carnivores feeding on carrion, it is also a herbivorous feeding behavior. Scavengers play an important role in the ecosystem by consuming dead animal and plant material. ''Decomposers'' and detritivores complete this process, by consuming the remains left by scavengers. Scavengers aid in overcoming fluctuations of food resources in the environment. The process and rate of scavenging is affected by both biotic and abiotic factors, such as carcass size, habitat, temperature, and seasons. Etymology Scavenger is an alteration of ''scavager,'' from Middle English ''skawager'' meaning "customs collector", from ''skawage'' meaning "customs", from Old North French ''escauwage'' meaning "inspection", from ''schauwer'' meaning "to inspect", of Germanic origin; akin to Old English ''scēawian'' and German ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intertidal Zone
The intertidal zone, also known as the foreshore, is the area above water level at low tide and underwater at high tide (in other words, the area within the tidal range). This area can include several types of habitats with various species of life, such as seastars, sea urchins, and many species of coral with regional differences in biodiversity. Sometimes it is referred to as the ''littoral zone'' or '' seashore'', although those can be defined as a wider region. The well-known area also includes steep rocky cliffs, sandy beaches, bogs or wetlands (e.g., vast mudflats). The area can be a narrow strip, as in Pacific islands that have only a narrow tidal range, or can include many meters of shoreline where shallow beach slopes interact with high tidal excursion. The peritidal zone is similar but somewhat wider, extending from above the highest tide level to below the lowest. Organisms in the intertidal zone are adapted to an environment of harsh extremes, living in water pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coral Reef
A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate. Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, whose polyps cluster in groups. Coral belongs to the class Anthozoa in the animal phylum Cnidaria, which includes sea anemones and jellyfish. Unlike sea anemones, corals secrete hard carbonate exoskeletons that support and protect the coral. Most reefs grow best in warm, shallow, clear, sunny and agitated water. Coral reefs first appeared 485 million years ago, at the dawn of the Early Ordovician, displacing the microbial and sponge reefs of the Cambrian. Sometimes called ''rainforests of the sea'', shallow coral reefs form some of Earth's most diverse ecosystems. They occupy less than 0.1% of the world's ocean area, about half the area of France, yet they provide a home for at least 25% of all marine species, including fish, mollusks, worms, crustaceans, echinoderms, sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
