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Pyrrosia Eleagnifolia
''Pyrrosia eleagnifolia'', commonly known as the leather-leaf fern, or ota in Māori, is a climbing fern endemic to New Zealand. ''P. eleagnifolia'' has thick, fleshy rounded leaves, and grows both on the ground and as an epiphyte. Name This species was originally confused with ''Pyrrosia serpens'', a Pacific species. The name ''eleagnifolia'' refers to the leaf appearance, and comes from ''elaeagnus'' (olive) and ''folium'' (leaf). Description Leather-leaf fern has thick, undivided fronds that are rounded and extremely variable in length – they can be long and thin, up to 20 cm in length, or short and broad (2 cm, rarely 3 cm wide). The fronds grow on long creeping rhizomes. Sterile fronds are generally shorter and broader than fertile ones. The fronds are thick and leathery, smooth and rounded, with blunt ends. They are dark green above and abundantly covered with light-brown irregularly-branched hairs underneath. Distribution ''P. eleagnifolia'' is found through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Baptiste Bory De Saint-Vincent
Jean-Baptiste Geneviève Marcellin Bory de Saint-Vincent was a French naturalist, officer and politician. He was born on 6 July 1778 in Agen (Lot-et-Garonne) and died on 22 December 1846 in Paris. Biologist and geographer, he was particularly interested in volcanology, systematics and botany. Life Youth Jean-Baptiste Bory de Saint Vincent was born at Agen on 6 July 1778. His parents were Géraud Bory de Saint-Vincent and Madeleine de Journu; his father's family were petty nobility who played important roles at the bar and in the judiciary, during and after the French Revolution. Instilled with sentiments hostile to the revolution from childhood,Biography of Jean-Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent on the website of the French National Assembly: http://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche/(num_dept)/16507 he studied first at the college of Agen, then with his uncle Journu-Auber in Bordeaux in 1787. He may have attended courses in medicine and surgery from 1791 to 1793. During ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarisa (moth)
''Sarisa'' is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae and was first described by David Stephen Fletcher in 1979. The genus contains only one species, ''Sarisa muriferata'', the hook-tip fern looper, which is endemic to New Zealand and surrounding islands. This species was described by Francis Walker in 1862. It is widespread in the North and South Islands, and has been recorded from Stewart Island, Big South Cape Island, the Chatham Islands and the Auckland Islands. Taxonomy The genus Sarisa was first described by Fletcher in 1979. ''Sarisa'' is a replacement name for the genus ''Gargaphia'', Walker 1863 which was preoccupied by ''Gargaphia'', Stål, 1862. The only species in this genus, ''S. muriferata'', was originally described by Francis Walker in 1863 and named ''Gargaphia muriferata''. The female holotype is held at the Natural History Museum, London. Description Full-grown larvae are approximately 30 mm long, are thin and coloured a reddish brown w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polypodiaceae
Polypodiaceae is a family of ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family includes around 65 genera and an estimated 1,650 species and is placed in the order Polypodiales, suborder Polypodiineae. A broader circumscription has also been used, in which the family includes other families kept separate in PPG I. Nearly all species are epiphytes, but some are terrestrial. Description Stems of Polypodiaceae range from erect to long-creeping. The fronds are entire, pinnatifid, or variously forked or pinnate. The petioles lack stipules. The scaly rhizomes are generally creeping in nature. Polypodiaceae species are found in wet climates, most commonly in rain forests. In temperate zones, most species tend to be epiphytic or epipetric. Notable examples of ferns in this family include the resurrection fern (''Pleopeltis polypodioides'') and the golden serpent fern (''Phlebodium aureum''). Taxonomy Two distinct circumscriptions of the family are in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scoparia Molifera
''Scoparia molifera'', also known as the leather-leaf Scoparia, is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1926 and is endemic to New Zealand. It can be found in the North and South Islands. The larvae of this species make silk tunnels from which they mine the leaves of their host, the leather-leaf fern '' Pyrrosia eleagnifolia''. Adult moths are on wing from December to February and are attracted to light. Taxonomy This species was described by Edward Meyrick in 1926 using a specimen collected by George Hudson on the banks of the Manawatu River in Ashhurst and named ''Scoparia molifera''. Hudson discussed and illustrated this species in his 1928 book ''The butterflies and moths of New Zealand''. John S. Dugdale discussed this species under the name ''S. molifera'' in his 1988 catalogue of New Zealand Lepidoptera. However the placement of this species within the genus ''Scoparia'' is in doubt. As a result, this speci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scoparia Illota
''Scoparia illota'' is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It is endemic to New Zealand. The larvae of this species are leaf miners. Taxonomy It was described by Alfred Philpott in 1919 using specimens collected at Cromarty in Preservation Inlet as well as specimen collected between Blue Cliffs Beach and the Knife and Steel harbour in Southland. The species was discussed and illustrated by George Hudson in his 1928 book ''The butterflies and moths of New Zealand''.'''' However the placement of this species within the genus ''Scoparia'' is in doubt. As a result, this species has also been referred to as ''Scoparia'' (s.l.) ''illota''. The holotype specimen is held at the Auckland War Memorial Museum. Description The wingspan is 18–20 mm. The forewings are blackish-fuscous, irrorated with white. Both the first and second line are white. The hindwings are grey. Adults have been recorded on wing in December. As a result of further study of the male genitalia, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eudonia Zophochlaena
''Eudonia zophochlaena'' is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1923. It is endemic to New Zealand. It has been hypothesised that this species is a North Island endemic. The adults of this species are on the wing from December until February. The larvae of this species are leaf miners of the leather-leaf fern ''Pyrrosia eleagnifolia''. Taxonomy This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1923 using a specimen collected by George Hudson in Takapuna, Auckland and named ''Scoparia zophochlaena''. In 1928 George Hudson described and illustrated this species under that name. In 1988 John S. Dugdale discussed this species using the epithet ''zophoclaena'' and placed the species in the genus ''Eudonia''. This placement was accepted in 2010 in the New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity which listed the species under the name ''Eudonia zophochlaena''. The male holotype is held at the Natural History Museum, London. Description Meyrick des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apoctena Taipana
''Apoctena taipana'' is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in both the North and South Islands. The larvae created a silken tube in which they hide and also use to travel from leaf to leaf. They tunnel into the leaves of their host. Larvae can be found from June to August. Adult moths can be seen on the wing from October to January. Taxonomy This species was first described by Cajetan von Felder and Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer in 1875 using a specimen collected in Nelson by T. R. Oxley and named ''Tortrix taipana''. In 1882 Edward Meyrick, thinking he was describing a new species, named this species ''Cacoecia enoplana''. Meyrick synonymised ''C. enoplana'' with ''Tortrix conditana'' in 1911. In 1988 John S. Dugdale discussed this species under the name ''Planotortrix taipana''. Dugdale examined the male genitalia of the type specimen of ''C. enoplana'' and based on this stated it was a synonym of ''Planotortrix taipana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philocryptica
''Philocryptica'' is a monotypic genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae. It contains only one species, ''Philocryptica polypodii'', the leather-leaf star-miner, which is endemic to New Zealand. This species has been recorded in both the North Island and the South Island, as far south as Banks Peninsula. The preferred habitat of this species is native forest where the species' larval host is present. The larvae feed on ''Pyrrosia eleagnifolia'', mining the host plant leaves. ''P. polypodii'' pupates within the final blotch-mine. Adults are on the wing in November and December. Taxonomy The genus was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1923. The species was first described by Morris Watt in 1921 using a darkly marked species in the Wellington Botanic Gardens and named ''Harmologa polypodii''. In 1923 Meyrick placed this species in the newly described genus ''Philocryptica''. In 1924 Watt described the life history of this species in det ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calicotis Crucifera
''Calicotis crucifera'', the leather-leaf spore-eater, is a moth of the Stathmopodidae family. It is found in New Zealand and Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma .... Description The mature larva of ''C. crucifera'' are approximately 6mm long and are a white colour, plump with a pale brown head. The wings of the adult are grey with dark specks. Behaviour The larvae of this species can be observed on the underneath of the fronds of its host species. The larva builds silk tubes disguised with fern spore dust and white frond hair. They feed on the fern spores. Larvae can be seen most months of the year. The adult is on the wing from January to May. Host plant The larvae feed on the spores of the fern, '' Pyrrosia eleagnifolia''. References Moths ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Otago
Central Otago is located in the inland part of the Otago region in the South Island of New Zealand. The motto for the area is "A World of Difference". The area is dominated by mountain ranges and the upper reaches of the Clutha River and tributaries. The wide flat plateau of the Maniototo which lies between the upper reaches of the Taieri River and the Clutha's northern tributary the Manuherikia River, Manuherikia is also part of Central Otago. Characterised by cold winters and hot, dry summers, the area is only lightly populated. First significant European occupation came with the discovery of gold at Gabriel's Gully near Lawrence, New Zealand, Lawrence in 1861, which led to the Central Otago goldrush. Other towns and villages include Alexandra, New Zealand, Alexandra, Bannockburn, New Zealand, Bannockburn, Clyde, New Zealand, Clyde, Cromwell, New Zealand, Cromwell, Millers Flat, New Zealand, Millers Flat, Naseby, New Zealand, Naseby, Omakau, Ranfurly, New Zealand, Ranfurly, Rox ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Māori Language
Māori (), or ('the Māori language'), also known as ('the language'), is an Eastern Polynesian language spoken by the Māori people, the indigenous population of mainland New Zealand. Closely related to Cook Islands Māori, Tuamotuan, and Tahitian, it gained recognition as one of New Zealand's official languages in 1987. The number of speakers of the language has declined sharply since 1945, but a Māori-language revitalisation effort has slowed the decline. The 2018 New Zealand census reported that about 186,000 people, or 4.0% of the New Zealand population, could hold a conversation in Māori about everyday things. , 55% of Māori adults reported some knowledge of the language; of these, 64% use Māori at home and around 50,000 people can speak the language "very well" or "well". The Māori language did not have an indigenous writing system. Missionaries arriving from about 1814, such as Thomas Kendall, learned to speak Māori, and introduced the Latin alphabet. In 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chatham Islands
The Chatham Islands ( ) (Moriori: ''Rēkohu'', 'Misty Sun'; mi, Wharekauri) are an archipelago in the Pacific Ocean about east of New Zealand's South Island. They are administered as part of New Zealand. The archipelago consists of about ten islands within an approximate radius, the largest of which are Chatham Island and Pitt Island (Rangiauria). They include New Zealand's easternmost point, the Forty-Fours. Some of the islands, formerly cleared for farming, are now preserved as nature reserves to conserve some of the unique flora and fauna. The islands were uninhabited when the Moriori people arrived around 1500 CE and developed a peaceful way of life. In 1835 members of the Ngāti Mutunga and Ngāti Tama Māori iwi from the North Island of New Zealand invaded the islands and nearly exterminated the Moriori, enslaving the survivors. Later during the period of European colonisation of New Zealand, the New Zealand Company claimed that the British Crown had never include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
