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Pyraloidea
The Pyraloidea (pyraloid moths or snout moths) are a moth superfamily containing about 16,000 described species worldwide, and probably at least as many more remain to be described. They are generally fairly small moths, and as such, they have been traditionally associated with the paraphyletic Microlepidoptera. This superfamily used to contain the Hyblaeidae, Thyrididae, Alucitidae (plus Tineodidae), Pterophoridae, and Pyralidae. The first four families are now each split off as a distinct superfamily. Nowadays, Pyralidae are usually split into the Pyralidae sensu stricto and the Crambidae, as both groups have been shown to be monophyletic and a sister group. Some genera (e.g. ''Micronix'' and '' Tanaobela'') still defy easy classification and have been variously assigned to the Crambidae or the Pyralidae. Among all Lepidoptera, pyraloids show the most diverse life history adaptations. The larvae of most species feed on living plants either internally or externally as leaf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wurthiini
Wurthiini is a tribe of the species-rich subfamily Spilomelinae in the pyraloid moth family Crambidae. Description Adult Wurthiini are small to medium-sized moths with wing spans of normally 20 to over 30 mm, whereas adults of ''Niphopyralis'' are usually somewhat smaller, with wingspans of 12 to 22 mm, and the males being smaller than the females. In the male genitalia, the uncus consists of a single head bearing stiff chaetae, or it is bicapitate (''Niphopyralis''). The tegumen-vinculum complex is more or less elongate rounded. The valvae are slender and tapering towards the apex, with the costa weakly to strongly concave (e.g. in ''Apilocrocis novateutonialis''; see ). The juxta is usually deeply split or divided into two juxta arms (a synapomorphy of the tribe). The fibula is broad triangular and ventrally directed. On its mesal side, the valva sacculus is produced as a strongly sclerotised arm that usually ends dorsally in a broad, spinulose tip or a needleshap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea. The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between with variable morphological features. It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae. Relationship with humans Most of these small moths are inconspicuous. Many are economically important pests, including waxworms, which are the caterpillar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crambidae
The Crambidae are the grass moth family of lepidopterans. They are variable in appearance, the nominal subfamily Crambinae (grass moths) taking up closely folded postures on grass stems where they are inconspicuous, while other subfamilies include brightly coloured and patterned insects which rest in wing-spread attitudes. In many classifications, the Crambidae have been treated as a subfamily of the Pyralidae or snout-moths. The principal difference is a structure in the tympanal organs called the praecinctorium, which joins two tympanic membranes in the Crambidae, and is absent from the Pyralidae. The latest review by Munroe and Solis, in Kristensen (1999), retains the Crambidae as a full family. The family currently comprises 15 subfamilies with altogether 10,347 species in over 1,000 genera. Systematics *subfamilia incertae sedis **''Conotalis'' Hampson, 1919 **''Exsilirarcha'' Salmon & Bradley, 1956 *Subfamily Acentropinae Stephens, 1836 *Subfamily Crambinae Latreille, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanaobela
''Tanaobela'' is a genus of moths in the superfamily Pyraloidea containing only one species, ''Tanaobela chrysochlora'', which is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland. Its affiliations are disputed. The wingspan The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingspan of ... is about 20 mm. The forewings are yellowish-green without defined markings, although there is a brownish streak on the base of the costa and a minute dot beneath the mid-costa, as well as traces of a pale-fuscous dentate transverse line and some fuscous suffusion at the tornus. The hindwings are pale-pinkish with a narrow dark-fuscous sub-dorsal blotch. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyralinae
The Pyralinae are the typical subfamily of snout moths (family Pyralidae) and occur essentially worldwide, in some cases aided by involuntary introduction by humans. They are rather rare in the Americas however, and their diversity in the Australian region is also limited. Altogether, this subfamily includes about 900 described species, but new ones continue to be discovered. Like many of their relatives in the superfamily Pyraloidea, the caterpillar larvae of many Pyralinae – and in some cases even the adults – have evolved the ability to use unusual foods for nutrition; a few of these can become harmful to humans as pests of stored goods.Solis (2007) Description and ecology This subfamily unites generally mid-sized to smallish moths with a more or less cryptic coloration including most often various hues of brownish colors. Adult females of Pyralinae (except '' Cardamyla'' and '' Embryoglossa'') are characterized by the short genital ductus bursae, their corp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyblaeidae
Hyblaeidae are the "teak moths", a family of insects in the Lepidopteran order. The two genera with about 18 species make up one of the two families of the Hyblaeoidea superfamily (the other family being the monotypic Prodidactidae), which in the past has been included in the Pyraloidea. Recent phylogenetic studies find varying relationships of Hyblaeoidea among Ditrysian Lepidoptera: Mutanen et al. (2010) find the superfamily to group either with Pyraloidea, or – more often – with Thyridoidea or butterflies. The results of Wahlberg et al. (2013) and Heikilä et al. (2015) indicate a sister-group relationship with Pyraloidea. Males have a specialised "hair-pencil" on the hindleg. The genus ''Hyblaea'' is distributed throughout the Old World tropics, and ''Torone'' in the Neotropics. Caterpillar host plants are well known and comprise almost exclusively species of the families Bignoniaceae, Verbenaceae, the mangrove families Avicenniaceae and Rhizophoraceae The Rhizophor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scirpophaga
''Scirpophaga'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae described by Georg Friedrich Treitschke in 1832. Asian species include significant rice stemborer pests. Taxonomy The genus ''Scirpophaga'' was first introduced by Treitschke in 1832 as a monotypic genus; including as single species ''Scirpophaga phantasmatella'' (which he misspelled as ''S. phantasmella'', and which is now known as ''S. praelata''). During most of history this genus has been completely confused, with most specimens being wrongly identified and most taxa being based on a type series containing numerous species. Males and females of the same species were often recognised as two independent species. Almost two centuries after the first species was described, in 1960 the Australian entomologist Ian Francis Bell Common was the first to examine the genitalia (for centuries the standard method by which one determines species in Lepidoptera) of the Australian specimens in this group, recombining and splitting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phycitinae
The Phycitinae are a subfamily of snout moths (family Pyralidae). Even though the Pyralidae subfamilies are all quite diverse, Phycitinae stand out even by standards of their family: with over 600 genera considered valid and more than 4000 species placed here at present, they unite up more than three-quarters of living snout moth diversity. Together with the closely related Epipaschiinae, they are apparently the most advanced lineage of snout moths. Phycitinae occur all over earth's land masses, except in completely inhospitable areas; the majority of species has a tropical distribution however. Phycitinae have even been found on very remote oceanic islands, and a few species have been intentionally or unintentionally distributed by humans beyond their native range. The type species of this subfamily is ''Phycita roborella'', under its junior synonym ''Tinea spissicella''. That name was apparently first proposed by Johan Christian Fabricius in his 1776/1777 ''Genera insectorum'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Galleriinae
The Galleriinae are a subfamily of snout moths (family Pyralidae) and occur essentially worldwide, in some cases aided by involuntary introduction by humans. This subfamily includes the wax moths, whose caterpillars (waxworms) are bred on a commercial scale as food for pets and as fishing bait; in the wild, these and other species of Galleriinae may also be harmful to humans as pests. At the species level, they are the least diverse snout moth subfamily according to current knowledge, with 306 described species all together. However, as regards major lineages, the Galleriinae are quite diverse, with five tribes being recognized – more than in the Phycitinae, the most species-rich snout moth subfamily. One of these tribes, the Joelminetiini, has been described only in 2007, and presently contains a single and highly aberrant genus. Description and ecology The caterpillar larvae of Galleriinae usually have a sclerotised (hardened) ring around the base of seta SD1 on the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micronix
''Micronix'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, ''Micronix nivalis'', which is found in Venezuela. References Crambinae Taxa named by Hans Georg Amsel Crambidae genera {{Crambinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thyrididae
The Thyrididae comprise the family of picture-winged leaf moths. They are the only family in the superfamily Thyridoidea, which sometimes has been included in the Pyraloidea, but this isn't supported by cladistic analysis. Most species live in the tropics and subtropics. They are colourful and often day-flying moths. There are four subfamilies. Their biology is little known. Thyridid specimens are rare in museum collections. Genera *''Chrysotypus'' Butler, 1879 *'' Microctenucha'' Warren, 1900 Charideinae *'' Amalthocera'' Boisduval, 1836 *'' Arniocera'' Hopffer, 1857 *'' Byblisia'' Walker, 1865 *'' Cicinnocnemis'' Holland, 1894 *'' Dilophura'' Hampson, 1918 *'' Lamprochrysa'' Hampson, 1918 *''Marmax'' Rafinesque, 1815 *'' Netrocera'' Felder, 1874 *'' Toosa'' Walker, 1856 *'' Trichobaptes'' Holland, 1894 Siculodinae *'' Belonoptera'' Herrich-Schäffer, 858/small> *'' Bupota'' Whalley, 1971 *'' Calindoea'' Walker, 1863 *'' Cecidothyris'' Aurivillius, 1910 *'' Collinsa'' Wha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acentropinae
Acentropinae is a fairly small subfamily of the lepidopteran family Crambidae, the crambid snout moths. Species of this subfamily are exclusively found in wetlands and aquatic habitats. Systematics In modern treatments, the former subfamily Nymphulinae is mostly treated as a tribe within Acentropinae. There are about 730 species in 78 genera. Only 13 species in 6 genera are found in Europe. *''Acentria'' Stephens, 1829 (= ''Acentropus'' J. Curtis, 1834; ''Setina'' Hübner, 1819; ''Zancle'' Stephens, 1833) *''Agassiziella'' Yoshiyasu, 1989 (= ''Agassizia'' Yoshiyasu, 1987) *'' Almonia'' Walker, 1866 *'' Anydraula'' Meyrick, 1885 *'' Araeomorpha'' Turner, 1908 (= ''Tholerastis'' Turner, 1915) *''Argyractis'' Hampson, 1897 *''Argyractoides'' Lange, 1956 *''Argyrophorodes'' Marion, 1956 *''Aulacodes'' Guenée, 1854 (= ''Hydrophysa'' Guenée, 1854) *'' Banepa'' Moore, 1888 *''Brevicella'' Kenrick, 1912 *''Callilitha'' Munroe, 1959 *''Cataclysta'' Hübner, 1825 (= ''Catoclysta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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