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Public Broadcasting In Indonesia
Public broadcasting institutions in Indonesia ( id, Lembaga Penyiaran Publik, abbreviated as ''LPP'') currently consists of three separate entities: Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI), Televisi Republik Indonesia (TVRI), and local public broadcasting institutions (''Lembaga Penyiaran Publik Lokal'' or ''LPPL''). This classification is based on Act No. 32 of 2002 on Broadcasting (''Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2002 tentang Penyiaran'') and followed by Government Regulation No. 11 of 2005 on Broadcasting Provision of Public Broadcasting Institution (''Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 11 Tahun 2005 tentang Penyelenggaraan Penyiaran Lembaga Penyiaran Publik''). According to Act No. 32 of 2002, a "public broadcasting institution" is defined as a "legal entity established by the state; independent, neutral, not commercial; and function to provide services for the public benefit". Funding for the broadcasters, according to Act No. 32 of 2002, comes from several sources such as broadcasting fee, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Broadcasting
Public broadcasting involves radio, television and other electronic media outlets whose primary mission is public service. Public broadcasters receive funding from diverse sources including license fees, individual contributions, public financing and commercial financing. Public broadcasting may be nationally or locally operated, depending on the country and the station. In some countries a single organization runs public broadcasting. Other countries have multiple public-broadcasting organizations operating regionally or in different languages. Historically, public broadcasting was once the dominant or only form of broadcasting in many countries (with the notable exceptions of the United States, Mexico and Brazil). Commercial broadcasting now also exists in most of these countries; the number of countries with only public broadcasting declined substantially during the latter part of the 20th century. Definition The primary mission of public broadcasting is that of public servic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian Independence Day
The Proclamation of Indonesian Independence ( id, Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Indonesia, or simply ''Proklamasi'') was read at 10:00 on Friday, 17 August 1945 in Jakarta. The declaration marked the start of the diplomatic and armed resistance of the Indonesian National Revolution, fighting against the forces of the Netherlands and pro-Dutch civilians, until the latter officially acknowledged Indonesia's independence in 1949. The document was signed by Sukarno (who signed his name "Soekarno" using the Van Ophuijsen orthography) and Mohammad Hatta, who were appointed president and vice-president respectively the following day. The date of the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence was made a public holiday by a government decree issued on 18 June 1946. Background The beginnings of the independence movement In 1918, the Dutch authorities in the Dutch East Indies established a partly-elected People's Council, the ''Volksraad'', which for the first time gave Indonesian nationalists a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berau Regency
Berau Regency ( id, Kabupaten Berau) is one of the seven regencies in East Kalimantan province in Indonesia. The capital is the town of Tanjung Redeb. It has an area of 36,962.37 km2 and had a population of 179,079 at the 2010 census and 248,035 at the 2020 census. Berau was formerly the name of a local sultanate that existed during the Dutch colonial period. In the early 19th century, it was divided into two separate sultanates: ''Gunung Tabur'' and ''Sambaliung''. Administrative Districts Berau Regency is divided into thirteen districts (''kecamatan''), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census and the 2020 census. The table also includes the location of the district headquarters, the number of administrative villages (rural ''desa'' and urban ''kelurahan'') and offshore islands in each district, and its postal codes. Notes: (a) while the name of this district literally means "Derawan Island", in practice the district includes a doze ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Java
Central Java ( id, Jawa Tengah) is a province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in the south, East Java in the east, and the Java Sea in the north. It has a total area of 32,800.69 km2, with a population of 36,516,035 at the 2020 Census making it the third-most populous province in both Java and Indonesia after West Java and East Java. The official estimate as at mid 2021 was 36,742,501.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2022. The province also includes the island of Nusakambangan in the south (close to the border of West Java), and the Karimun Jawa Islands in the Java Sea. Central Java is also a cultural concept that includes the Yogyakarta Special Region, in turn including the city of Yogyakarta; however, administratively that city and its surrounding regencies have formed a separate special region (equivalent to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukoharjo
Sukoharjo Regency is a regency ( id, kabupaten) in the Central Java province in Indonesia. It covers an area of 466.77 km2 and had a population of 824,238 at the 2010 Census and 907,587 at the 2020 Census. Its capital is Sukoharjo, about 10 km south from Surakarta. This regency is bordered by the city of Surakarta in the north, Karanganyar Regency in the east, Wonogiri Regency and Yogyakarta in the south as well as Klaten Regency in the west. The regency is part of the metropolitan zone of Surakarta, which is known as ''Subosukawonosraten''. Geography Bengawan Solo "divides" this regency into two parts. The northern part is commonly lowland and wavy, forming the catchment area of Surakarta city. while the southern part is mountainous. Near the northern border are the developmental areas surrounding Surakarta City such as Grogol and Kartosuro, which lie within the metropolitan area of that city. Kartosuro is the junction of the Solo-Yogyakarta track with Solo- Semarang. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Post-Suharto Era In Indonesia
The Post-Suharto era is the contemporary history in Indonesia, which began with the resignation of authoritarian president Suharto on 21 May 1998. Since his resignation, the country has been in a period of transition known as the Reform era ( id, Era Reformasi). This period has been characterised by a more open and liberal political-social environment. Issues over this period have included a push for a stronger democracy and civilian rule, elements of the military trying to retain their influence, a growing Islamism in politics and society, and demands for greater regional autonomy. The process of has resulted in a higher degree of freedom of speech, in contrast to the pervasive censorship under the New Order. This has led to a more open political debate in the news media and increased expression in the arts. Events that have shaped Indonesia in this period include a bombing campaign by Islamic terrorists (including the 2002 Bali bombings), with 2004 Indian Ocean earthqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provinces Of Indonesia
A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''Roman province, provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire, Roman Empire's territorial possessions outside Roman Italy, Italy. The term ''province'' has since been adopted by many countries. In some countries with no actual provinces, "the provinces" is a metaphorical term meaning "outside the capital city". While some provinces were produced artificially by Colonialism, colonial powers, others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities. Many have their own powers independent of central or Federation, federal authority, especially Provinces of Canada, in Canada and Pakistan. In other countries, like Provinces of China, China or Administrative divisions of France, France, provinces are the creation of central government, with very little autonomy. Etymology The English langu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regency (Indonesia)
A regency ( id, kabupaten), sometimes incorrectly referred to as a district, is an administrative division of Indonesia, directly under a province and on the same level with city (''kota''). Regencies is divided into districts (''Kecamatan'', ''Distrik'' in Papua region, or ''Kapanewon'' in the Special Region of Yogyakarta). The English name "regency" comes from the Dutch colonial period, when regencies were ruled by ''bupati'' (or regents) and were known as ''regentschap'' in Dutch (''kabupaten'' in Javanese and subsequently Indonesian). ''Bupati'' had been regional lords under the precolonial monarchies of Java. When the Dutch abolished or curtailed those monarchies, the bupati were left as the most senior indigenous authority. They were not, strictly speaking, "native rulers" because the Dutch claimed full sovereignty over their territory, but in practice, they had many of the attributes of petty kings, including elaborate regalia and palaces and a high degree of impunity. Et ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
City Status In Indonesia
In Law of Indonesia, Indonesian law, the term "city" () is generally defined as the second-level subdivisions of Indonesia, administrative subdivision of the Indonesia, Republic of Indonesia, an equivalent to regency (Indonesia), regency (). The difference between a city and a regency is that a city has non-Agriculture in Indonesia, agricultural economic activities and a dense Urban area, urban population, while a regency comprises predominantly rural areas and is larger in area than a city. However, Indonesia historically had several classifications of cities. According to ''Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia'', the official dictionary of Indonesian language, city (''kota'') is "a densely populated area with high density and modern facilities and most of the population works outside of agriculture." Cities are divided into Districts of Indonesia, districts (''Kecamatan'', ''Distrik'' in Western New Guinea, Papua region, or ''Kemantren'' in Yogyakarta). Historical classification ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LPPL Radio Suara Salatiga (3)
The LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL) is a software license originally written for the LaTeX system. Software distributed under the terms of the LPPL can be regarded as free software; however, it is not copylefted. Besides the LaTeX base system, the LPPL is also used for most third-party LaTeX packages. Software projects other than LaTeX rarely use it. Unique features of the license The LPPL grew from Donald Knuth's original license for TeX, which states that the source code for TeX may be used for any purpose but a system built with it can only be called 'TeX' if it strictly conforms to his canonical program. The incentive for this provision was to ensure that documents written for TeX will be readable for the foreseeable future and TeX and its extensions will still compile documents written from the early 1980s to produce output exactly as intended. Quoting Frank Mittelbach, the main author of the license: "LPPL attempts to preserve the fact that something like LaTeX is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Jakarta Post
''The Jakarta Post'' is a daily English-language newspaper in Indonesia. The paper is owned by PT Niskala Media Tenggara and based in the nation's capital, Jakarta. ''The Jakarta Post'' started as a collaboration between four Indonesian media at the urging of Information Minister Ali Murtopo and politician Jusuf Wanandi. After the first issue was printed on 25 April 1983, it spent several years with minimal advertisements and increasing circulation. After a change in chief editors in 1991, it began to take a more vocal pro-democracy point of view. The paper was one of the few Indonesian English-language dailies to survive the 1997 Asian financial crisis and currently has a circulation of about 40,000. ''The Jakarta Post'' also features an online edition and a weekend magazine supplement called J+. The newspaper is targeted at foreigners and educated Indonesians, although the middle-class Indonesian readership has increased. Noted for being a training ground for local and int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TVRI
TVRI (, Television of the Republic of Indonesia), legally ( Public Broadcasting Institution Television of the Republic of Indonesia) is a public television network and the oldest television network in Indonesia. Its national headquarters is in Gelora, Central Jakarta. TVRI monopolized television broadcasting in Indonesia until 24 August 1989, when the first commercial television station RCTI went on the air. Alongside RRI, TVRI was converted into a public broadcaster on 18 March 2005, becoming the first public broadcaster in the country. TVRI currently broadcasts throughout the country with both analog and digital means of broadcast. TVRI operates three national channels (with two of them only broadcasting in digital) as well as 32 regional stations and 361 transmitters. History 1962–1975: The idea and initial broadcast The initial idea to establish a television station in Indonesia was put forward by then Minister of Information Maladi as far as 1952. The argument at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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