Psocomorpha Genera
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Psocomorpha Genera
Psocomorpha is a suborder of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are more than 20 families and 5,300 described species in Psocomorpha. Phylogeny The below cladogram of Psocodea shows the position of Psocomorpha: Fossil record The oldest fossil record of the suborder is '' Burmesopsocus lienhardi'' from the mid-Cretaceous (early Cenomanian) Burmese amber, which is not assigned to any family. Classification Psocomorpha contains 6 infraorders and 26 families: *Archipsocetae ** Archipsocidae Pearman, 1936 (ancient barklice) *Caeciliusetae ** Amphipsocidae Pearman, 1936 (hairy-winged barklice) ** Asiopsocidae Mockford & Garcia Aldrete, 1976 ** Caeciliusidae Mockford, 2000 (lizard barklice) ** Dasydemellidae Mockford, 1978 (shaggy psocids) ** Paracaeciliidae Mockford, 1989 ** Stenopsocidae Pearman, 1936 (narrow barklice) *Epipsocetae ** Cladiopsocidae Smithers, 1972 ** Dolabellopsocidae Eertmoed, 1973 ** Epipsocidae Pearman, ...
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Archipsocetae
Archipsocidae is a family of barklice of the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. Members of the family are characterized by their reduced wing venation. Some species are viviparous Among animals, viviparity is development of the embryo inside the body of the parent. This is opposed to oviparity which is a reproductive mode in which females lay developing eggs that complete their development and hatch externally from the .... The family includes about 80 species in five genera. References Sources *Lienhard, C. & Smithers, C. N. 2002. Psocoptera (Insecta): World Catalogue and Bibliography. Instrumenta Biodiversitatis, vol. 5. Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève. External links ''Archipsocus nomas'', a webbing barklouseon the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site Psocoptera families {{Psocoptera-stub ...
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Trichodectidae
Trichodectidae is a family of louse in the suborder Ischnocera. Its species are parasites Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson ha ... of mammals. The following 19 genera are recognized: * '' Bovicola'' * '' Cebidicola'' * '' Damalinia'' * '' Dasyonyx'' * '' Eurytrichodectes'' * '' Eutrichophilus'' * '' Felicola'' * '' Geomydoecus'' * '' Lutridia'' * '' Neotrichodectes'' * '' Paratrichodectes'' * '' Procavicola'' * '' Procaviphilus'' * '' Protelicola'' * '' Stachiella'' * '' Thomomydoecus'' * '' Trichodectes'' * '' Tricholipeurus'' * '' Werneckodectes'' References Lice Insect families {{Louse-stub ...
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Burmese Amber
Burmese amber, also known as Burmite or Kachin amber, is amber from the Hukawng Valley in northern Myanmar. The amber is dated to around 100 million years ago, during the latest Albian to earliest Cenomanian ages of the mid-Cretaceous period. The amber is of significant palaeontological interest due to the diversity of flora and fauna contained as inclusions, particularly arthropods including insects and arachnids but also birds, lizards, snakes, frogs and fragmentary dinosaur remains. The amber has been known and commercially exploited since the first century AD, and has been known to science since the mid-nineteenth century. Research on the deposit has attracted controversy due to its alleged role in funding internal conflict in Myanmar and hazardous working conditions in the mines where it is collected. Geological context, depositional environment and age The amber is found within the Hukawng Basin, a large Cretaceous-Cenozoic sedimentary basin within northern Myanmar. The s ...
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Cenomanian
The Cenomanian is, in the ICS' geological timescale, the oldest or earliest age of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or the lowest stage of the Upper Cretaceous Series. An age is a unit of geochronology; it is a unit of time; the stage is a unit in the stratigraphic column deposited during the corresponding age. Both age and stage bear the same name. As a unit of geologic time measure, the Cenomanian Age spans the time between 100.5 and 93.9 million years ago (Mya). In the geologic timescale, it is preceded by the Albian and is followed by the Turonian. The Upper Cenomanian starts around at 95 Mya. The Cenomanian is coeval with the Woodbinian of the regional timescale of the Gulf of Mexico and the early part of the Eaglefordian of the regional timescale of the East Coast of the United States. At the end of the Cenomanian, an anoxic event took place, called the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary event or the "Bonarelli event", that is associated with a minor extinction event for marine spec ...
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Paraphyletic
In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In contrast, a monophyletic group (a clade) includes a common ancestor and ''all'' of its descendants. The terms are commonly used in phylogenetics (a subfield of biology) and in the tree model of historical linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of Synapomorphy and apomorphy, synapomorphies and symplesiomorphy, symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group, it is said to be polyparaphyletic. The term was coined by Willi Hennig to apply to well-known taxa like Reptilia (reptiles) which, as commonly named and traditionally defined, is paraphyletic with respect to mammals and birds. Reptilia contains the last common ancestor of reptiles a ...
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Prionoglaridetae
Prionoglarididae is a family of the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) that are barklice characterized by the reduction or simplification of the lacinia in adults and the specialised form of the male genitalia. It contains the only known genus of animals, ''Neotrogla'', where females possess a penis-like organ and take on typical male sex roles. Prionoglarididae includes about 9 genera with more than 20 known species. They have been found in Europe, Afghanistan, Namibia, and the United States. The only genus found in the United States is ''Speleketor'', which includes three species: ''Speleketor flocki'', ''Speleketor irwini'', and ''Speleketor pictus''. Genera These eight genera belong to the family Prionoglarididae: * '' Afrotrogla'' Lienhard, 2007 * ''Neotrogla'' Lienhard, Oliveira do Carmo & Lopes Ferreira, 2010 * '' Prionoglaris'' Enderlein, 1909 * '' Sensitibilla'' Lienhard, 2000 * '' Siamoglaris'' Lienhard, 2004 * ''Speleketor'' Gurney, 1943 * '' Speleopsocus'' Lien ...
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Psyllipsocetae
Psyllipsocidae is a family of cave barklice in the order Psocodea. There are about 7 genera and more than 70 described species in Psyllipsocidae. Genera These eight genera belong to the family Psyllipsocidae: * '' Annulipsyllipsocus'' Hakim, Azar, Maksoud, Huang & Azar, 2018 Burmese amber, Cenomanian *'' Libanopsyllipsocus'' Azar and Nel, 2011 Lebanese amber, Barremian *† '' Concavapsocus'' Wang ''et al, 2019'' Burmese amber, Cenomanian * ''Dorypteryx'' Aaron, 1883 *† '' Khatangia'' Vishnyakova, 1975 Taimyr amber, Santonian * '' Pseudopsyllipsocus'' Li, 2002 * ''Pseudorypteryx'' Garcia Aldrete, 1984 * '' Psocathropos'' Ribaga, 1899 * ''Psyllipsocus ''Psyllipsocus'' is a genus of cave barklice in the family Psyllipsocidae. There are more than 50 described species in ''Psyllipsocus''. Species These 55 species belong to the genus ''Psyllipsocus'': * '' Psyllipsocus albipalpus'' Mockford, 20 ...'' Selys-Longchamps, 1872 References Further reading * External links ...
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Atropetae
Trogiomorpha is one of the three major suborders of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), alongside Troctomorpha and Psocomorpha. There are about 8 families and more than 430 described species in Trogiomorpha. Trogiomorpha is widely agreed to be the earliest diverging of the three suborders, and retains the most primitive characteristics. Internal phylogeny Here is a cladogram showing the phylogeny of Psocodea, showing the position of Trogiomorpha: Families Psocomorpha contains 3 infraorders and 5 extant (living) families Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Ideal ..., as well as three identified extinct families: * Atropetae ** Archaeatropidae Baz & Ortuño, 2000 ** Empheriidae Baz & Ortuño, 2000 ** Lepidopsocidae Enderlein ...
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Trogiomorpha
Trogiomorpha is one of the three major suborders of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), alongside Troctomorpha and Psocomorpha. There are about 8 families and more than 430 described species in Trogiomorpha. Trogiomorpha is widely agreed to be the earliest diverging of the three suborders, and retains the most primitive characteristics. Internal phylogeny Here is a cladogram showing the phylogeny of Psocodea, showing the position of Trogiomorpha: Families Psocomorpha contains 3 infraorders and 5 extant (living) families, as well as three identified extinct families: *Atropetae ** Archaeatropidae Baz & Ortuño, 2000 ** Empheriidae Baz & Ortuño, 2000 **Lepidopsocidae Enderlein, 1903 (scaly-winged barklice) ** Psoquillidae Lienhard & Smithers, 2002 (bird nest barklice) ** Trogiidae Roesler, 1944 (granary booklice) * Psyllipsocetae ** Psyllipsocidae Lienhard & Smithers, 2002 (cave barklice) * Prionoglaridetae (paraphyletic In ...
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Amphientometae
Amphientometae is an infraorder of psocids, one of two major division of the Troctomorpha within the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are about 7 families and at least 230 described species in Amphientometae. Families These seven families belong to the infraorder Amphientometae: * Amphientomidae Enderlein, 1903 (tropical barklice) * Compsocidae Compsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Troctomorpha. The family comprises two extant species in two genera, both found in Mesoamerica. ''Compsocus elegans'' is found in Mexico and Central America, wh ... Mockford, 1967 * Manicapsocidae Mockford, 1967 * Musapsocidae Mockford, 1967 * Protroctopsocidae Smithers, 1972 * Troctopsocidae Mockford, 1967 * † Electrentomidae Enderlein, 1911 References Further reading * Troctomorpha {{psocoptera-stub ...
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Sphaeropsocidae
Sphaeropsocidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera), belonging to the suborder Troctomorpha. Females of this family have reduced, beetle-like elytra, and lack hindwings, with males have either small or absent wings. The family comprises 22 known species (four of them fossils) in eight genera. Taxonomy * †'' Asphaeropsocites'' Azar et al. 2010 Lebanese amber, Early Cretaceous (Barremian) * '' Badonnelia'' Pearman, 1953 Chile, Recent (except ''Badonnelia titei'', which is found alongside humans in Europe and North America)Mockford, Edward L. 2005. "First New World Record for ''Badonnelia Titei'' (Insecta: Psocoptera: Sphaeropsocidae)," ''The Great Lakes Entomologist'', vol 38 (2) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol38/iss2/1 * * '' Sphaeropsocopsis'' North America, South America, St Helena, Recent * '' Sphaeropsocus'' Baltic amber, Eocene, Southeastern US (Recent) * †'' Sphaeropsocites'' Lebanese amber, Early Cretaceous (Barremian) * †'' Sphaeropsocoi ...
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