Trogiomorpha is one of the three major

suborder Order ( la, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and ...

s of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of ...

Psocodea Psocodea is a taxonomic group of insects comprising the bark lice, book lice and parasitic lice. It was formerly considered a superorder, but is now generally considered by entomologists as an order. Despite the greatly differing appearance of ...

(formerly

Psocoptera Psocoptera are a paraphyletic group of insects that are commonly known as booklice, barklice or barkflies. The name Psocoptera has been replaced with Psocodea in recent literature, with the inclusion of the former order Phthiraptera into Psoco ...

), alongside Troctomorpha and

Psocomorpha Psocomorpha is a suborder of barklice, booklice, and parasitic lice in the order Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera). There are more than 20 families and 5,300 described species in Psocomorpha. Phylogeny The below cladogram of Psocodea shows the pos ...

. There are about 8 families and more than 430 described species in Trogiomorpha. Trogiomorpha is widely agreed to be the earliest diverging of the three suborders, and retains the most primitive characteristics. Trogium pulsatorium

Internal phylogeny

Here is a

cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to ...

showing the

phylogeny A phylogenetic tree (also phylogeny or evolutionary tree Felsenstein J. (2004). ''Inferring Phylogenies'' Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA.) is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological s ...

of Psocodea, showing the position of Trogiomorpha:

Families

Psocomorpha contains 3

infraorder Order ( la, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and ...

s and 5

extant Extant is the opposite of the word extinct. It may refer to: * Extant hereditary titles * Extant literature, surviving literature, such as ''Beowulf'', the oldest extant manuscript written in English * Extant taxon, a taxon which is not extinct, ...

(living) families, as well as three identified

extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...

families: * Atropetae ** Archaeatropidae Baz & Ortuño, 2000 ** Empheriidae Baz & Ortuño, 2000 ** Lepidopsocidae Enderlein, 1903 (scaly-winged barklice) ** Psoquillidae Lienhard & Smithers, 2002 (bird nest barklice) ** Trogiidae Roesler, 1944 (granary booklice) * Psyllipsocetae ** Psyllipsocidae Lienhard & Smithers, 2002 (cave barklice) * Prionoglaridetae (

paraphyletic In taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In ...

) ** Prionoglarididae Azar, Huang & Nel, 2017 (large-winged psocids) *Unplaced: ** ** Cormopsocidae Yoshizawa & Lienhard, 2020 **

Internal phylogeny

Families

References

Further reading