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Prunus Brahuica
''Prunus brahuica'' is a species of flowering plant in the Rosaceae family. It is commonly called mashmonk or mazhmonk and ghorghosthai, is a species of wild almond native to Pakistan and Afghanistan. It is a dense, very thorny shrub 1.5 to 2.5m tall, with young twigs that are brownish-red on one side and green on the other. It is morphologically similar to ''Prunus lycioides ''Prunus lycioides'' ( fa, تنگرس) is a species of wild almond native to Turkey, northern Syria and Iran. It is a very thorny and dense shrub 0.6 to 1.2m tall. Its bark is gray and its flower petals are pink to deep pink, with its sepals and ...'', '' P. spinosissima'', '' P. eburnea'' and '' P. erioclada''. It can be distinguished from the similar species by having an endocarp with reticulate furrows that are visible on the exterior of the drupe. People in Balochistan apply its gum as a treatment for wounded or infected eyes. References brahuica Flora of Pakistan Flora of Afghanistan Plants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prunus Erioclada
''Prunus erioclada'' is a species of wild almond native to Iran and Afghanistan. It is a thorny shrub 0.2 to 1.2m tall. It is morphologically similar to '' Prunus lycioides'', '' P. spinosissima'', '' P. eburnea'' and '' P. brahuica''. It can be distinguished from the similar species by having its one year old twigs densely covered by a white pubescence, termed white tomentose, and the older twigs grayish-white tomentose. A genetic and morphological analysis shows that it is a good species, with its closest relative being '' Prunus eburnea''. References erioclada Flora of Iran Flora of Afghanistan Plants described in 1940 Taxa named by Joseph Friedrich Nicolaus Bornmüller {{prunus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxa Named By James Edward Tierney Aitchison
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's system in ''Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of biological classification was first made widely available in 1805 in the intr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medicinal Plants
Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Plants synthesize hundreds of chemical compounds for various functions, including defense and protection against insects, fungi, diseases, and herbivorous mammals. The earliest historical records of herbs are found from the Sumerian civilization, where hundreds of medicinal plants including opium are listed on clay tablets, c. 3000 BC. The Ebers Papyrus from ancient Egypt, c. 1550 BC, describes over 850 plant medicines. The Greek physician Dioscorides, who worked in the Roman army, documented over 1000 recipes for medicines using over 600 medicinal plants in ''De materia medica'', c. 60 AD; this formed the basis of pharmacopoeias for some 1500 years. Drug research sometimes makes use of ethnobotany to search for pharmacologically active substances, and this approach has yielded hundreds of useful compounds. These include the common drugs asp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plants Described In 1888
Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria). By one definition, plants form the clade Viridiplantae (Latin name for "green plants") which is sister of the Glaucophyta, and consists of the green algae and Embryophyta (land plants). The latter includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns and their allies, hornworts, liverworts, and mosses. Most plants are multicellular organisms. Green plants obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts that are derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green color. Some plants are parasitic or mycotrophic and have lost the ability ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of Afghanistan
Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous) native plants. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora, as in the terms '' gut flora'' or '' skin flora''. Etymology The word "flora" comes from the Latin name of Flora, the goddess of plants, flowers, and fertility in Roman mythology. The technical term "flora" is then derived from a metonymy of this goddess at the end of the sixteenth century. It was first used in poetry to denote the natural vegetation of an area, but soon also assumed the meaning of a work cataloguing such vegetation. Moreover, "Flora" was used to refer to the flowers of an artificial garden in the seventeenth century. The distinction between vegetation (the general appearance of a community) and flora (the taxonomic composition of a community) was first made by Jules Thurmann (1849). Prior to this, the two terms were used indiscriminately.Thurmann, J. (1849). ''Essai de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of Pakistan
Pakistan's native flora reflects its varied climatic zones, which range from arid and semi-arid to temperate and tropical. For further details of habitats, see Ecoregions of Pakistan, Forestry in Pakistan and Wildlife of Pakistan. Distribution Northern highlands and valleys Pakistan has conifer forests in most of the northern and north-western highlands. These occur from 1,000 to 4,000 m altitudes. Swat, Upper Dir, Lower Dir, Malakand, Mansehra and Abbottabad districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (formerly North-West Frontier Province) are the main areas covered with coniferous forests. Pindrow fir ('' Abies pindrow'') and Morinda spruce ('' Picea smithiana'') occupy the highest altitudes, deodar ('' Cedrus deodara'') and blue pine ('' Pinus wallichiana''), the intermediate heights, and chir pine ('' Pinus roxburghii''), occupy the lower areas. Eastern plains and deserts In most of Punjab and Sindh, the Indus plains have many fluvial landforms that support various natural bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prunus
''Prunus'' is a genus of trees and shrubs, which includes (among many others) the fruits plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apricots, and almonds. Native to the North American temperate regions, the neotropics of South America, and the paleotropics of Asia and Africa, 430 different species are classified under ''Prunus''. Many members of the genus are widely cultivated for their fruit and for decorative purposes. ''Prunus'' fruit are drupes, or stone fruits. The fleshy mesocarp surrounding the endocarp is edible while the endocarp itself forms a hard, inedible shell called the pyrena ("stone" or "pit"). This shell encloses the seed (or "kernel") which is edible in many species (such as almonds) but poisonous in others (such as apricots). Besides being eaten off the hand, most ''Prunus'' fruit are also commonly used in processing, such as jam production, canning, drying, and seeds for roasting. Botany Members of the genus can be deciduous or evergreen. A few species ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prunus Eburnea
''Prunus eburnea'' is a species of wild almond native to Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan . It is a dense shrub 0.2 to 1.2m tall with gray bark. It is morphologically similar to ''Prunus lycioides'', '' P. spinosissima'', '' P. erioclada'' and '' P. brahuica''. It can be distinguished from the similar species by having a pubescent hypanthium. A genetic and morphological analysis shows that it is a good species, with its closest relative being ''Prunus erioclada''. The cross of ''Prunus scoparia ''Prunus scoparia'' is a wild almond found in Turkey, Iran, Turkmenistan and Afghanistan. It is a xerophytic A xerophyte (from Greek ξηρός ''xeros'' 'dry' + φυτόν ''phuton'' 'plant') is a species of plant that has adaptations to sur ...'' and ''Prunus eburnea'' produces '' Prunus × iranshahrii''. Notes References eburnea Endemic flora of Iran Plants described in 1880 {{prunus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Edward Tierney Aitchison
James Edward Tierney Aitchison MD LLD CIE (28 October 1835 – 30 September 1898) was a Scottish surgeon and botanist. He worked as British Commissioner to Ladakh, India in 1872 and collected numerous specimens from the region and published catalogues of plants including those of economic interest. The plant genus '' Aitchisonia'' was named after him by Helmsley but the name is no longer in use. In authorship he is normally known as J. E. T. Aitchison. Life Aitchison was born in Neemuch in central India the second son of Major James Aitchison of the East India Company of Scotland. His mother Mary Turner was the sister of John William Turner and through her he took an interest in plants at an early age. The family returned to Scotland where he was educated at Lasswade Parish School, Dalkeith Grammar School and the Edinburgh Academy. From 1853 his mother was living as a widow at 67 Great King Street, a huge Georgian townhouse in Edinburgh's Second New Town. James obtained his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prunus Spinosissima
''Prunus spinosissima'', the thorny almond, ( uz, bodomcha, lit=little almond) is a species of wild almond native to dry areas of Central Asia Central Asia, also known as Middle Asia, is a subregion, region of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes t ..., Afghanistan, and Iran, preferring to grow at 400-1500m above sea level. It is morphologically similar to '' Prunus erioclada'', '' P. lycioides'', '' P. eburnea'' and '' P. brahuica''. Description ''Prunus spinosissima'' is a shrub reaching 2m. The bark is brownish-red, turning ash grey with age. The flowers are pink. References {{Taxonbar, from1=Q3408653, from2=Q39780039 spinosissima Flora of Central Asia Flora of Afghanistan Flora of Iran Plants described in 1883 Taxa named by Alexander von Bunge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prunus Lycioides
''Prunus lycioides'' ( fa, تنگرس) is a species of wild almond native to Turkey, northern Syria and Iran. It is a very thorny and dense shrub 0.6 to 1.2m tall. Its bark is gray and its flower petals are pink to deep pink, with its sepals and hypanthia deep red to purple. It is morphologically similar to ''Prunus erioclada ''Prunus erioclada'' is a species of wild almond native to Iran and Afghanistan. It is a thorny shrub 0.2 to 1.2m tall. It is morphologically similar to '' Prunus lycioides'', '' P. spinosissima'', '' P. eburnea'' and '' P. brahuica''. It can be ...'', '' P. spinosissima'', '' P. eburnea'' and '' P. brahuica''. It can be distinguished from the similar species by its longer, narrower leaves, which are linear, linearlanceolate, or linearoblanceolate, and by subtle characters of its endocarp. Adapted to extremely dry conditions, it is found growing in a wide variety of arid and semiarid habitats, at 450 to 2200m above sea level. References {{Taxonbar, from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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