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Protopannaria Alcicornis
''Protopannaria'' is a genus of seven species of lichenized fungi in the family Pannariaceae. The genus was originally circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed as a subgenus of the genus ''Pannaria'' by Hungarian lichenologist Vilmos Kőfaragó-Gyelnik. Per Magnus Jørgensen and Stefan Ekman promoted ''Protopannaria'' to full status as a genus in 2000. Species *''Protopannaria alcicornis'' *''Protopannaria austro-orcadensis'' *''Protopannaria azorellae'' *''Protopannaria campbellensis'' *''Protopannaria corticola'' *''Protopannaria hilaris'' *''Protopannaria pezizoides'' References Pannariaceae Lichen genera Peltigerales genera Taxa described in 2000 Taxa named by Vilmos Kőfaragó-Gyelnik {{Peltigerales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peltigerales Genera
Peltigerales is an order (biology), order of lichen-forming fungus, fungi belonging to the class (taxonomy), class Lecanoromycetes in the division (mycology), division Ascomycota. The taxonomy of the group has seen numerous changes; it was formerly often treated as a suborder of the order Lecanorales. It contains two suborders, eight family (biology), families and about 45 genus, genera such as ''Lobaria'' and ''Peltigera''. The fungi form lichens in a symbiosis, symbiotic relationship with one or two photosynthesis, photosynthetic partners which may be a cyanobacterium such as ''Nostoc'' or a green alga such as ''Coccomyxa''. The majority of species contain just a cyanobacterium, a smaller number have both a cyanobacterium and a green alga while only a few species have just a green alga. The thallus of the lichen may be foliose (leafy), subfruticose (somewhat shrubby) or granular-squamulose (scaly). The thallus attaches to a surface by means of small root-like rhizines. In some s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Genera
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Per Magnus Jørgensen
Per Magnus Jørgensen (born 1944) is a Norwegian botanist and lichenologist, and Professor Emeritus of systematic botany at the University of Bergen. He is known for his work on the lichen families Pannariaceae and Collemataceae. Jørgensen was awarded the Acharius Medal in 2021 for his lifetime contributions to lichenology. Biography Jørgensen was born in Stavanger, Norway, in 1944. He obtained his Candidatus realium from the University of Bergen in 1969, where Knut Fægri was his supervisor. In 1978, he earned a doctor philosophiae from University of Bergen, with a dissertation titled "The lichen family Pannariaceae in Europe". He was a student of prominent lichenologist Rolf Santesson; Gunnar Degelius was another early mentor. During his time as a student, he was recruited to work at the Botanical Garden in Bergen. A few years after receiving his doctorate, he was appointed Professor of Systematic Botany at the University of Bergen in 1982. He was known for delivering hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilmos Kőfaragó-Gyelnik
Vilmos Kőfaragó-Gyelnik (March 30, 1906 – March 15, 1945) was a Hungarian botanist and lichenologist. Prior to earning his PhD in 1929 from Budapest University, he spent a year in Cairo to help organize a botanical museum. In 1930 he started work at Hungarian National Museum, where he curated the lichen collections. Gyelnik married Theresa Hofflinger on 30 May 1930, with whom he had a son in 1932. Gyelnik maintained a friendly correspondence with American amateur lichenologist Charles Christian Plitt for several years until Plitt's death in 1933. In the 1930s, it was common for Hungarians with non-Hungarian sounding names to alter them if they desired political appointments. Gyelnik prefixed Kőfaragó (meaning "stone-cutter") to his name in 1935, and eventually became the head of the Botanical Department of the museum in 1942. On March 15, 1945, Gyelnik was killed in Austria by Allied bombing. Gyelnik published about 100 papers on lichens in the period 1926 to 1945, and pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pannaria
''Pannaria'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pannariaceae. The widespread genus contains an estimated 51 species, found primarily in tropical regions. Species *''Pannaria aenea'' *'' Pannaria andina'' *'' Pannaria aotearoana'' *'' Pannaria asahinae'' *'' Pannaria athroophylla'' *'' Pannaria byssoidea'' *''Pannaria caesiocinerea'' *''Pannaria caespitosa'' *'' Pannaria calophylla'' *'' Pannaria centrifuga'' *''Pannaria cinerascens'' *''Pannaria complanata'' *''Pannaria conoplea'' *''Pannaria contorta'' *''Pannaria crenulata'' *''Pannaria crustata'' *''Pannaria decipiens'' *''Pannaria delicata'' *''Pannaria dissecta'' *''Pannaria durietzii'' *''Pannaria elatior'' *''Pannaria elegantior'' *'' Pannaria elixii'' *'' Pannaria emodii'' *'' Pannaria euphylla'' *'' Pannaria farinosa'' *'' Pannaria fimbriata'' *''Pannaria flabellata'' *'' Pannaria formosana'' *''Pannaria fulvescens'' *'' Pannaria gallowayi'' *''Pannaria globigera'' *'' Pannar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Subgenus
In biology, a subgenus (plural: subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus. In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between the generic name and the specific epithet: e.g. the tiger cowry of the Indo-Pacific, ''Cypraea'' (''Cypraea'') ''tigris'' Linnaeus, which belongs to the subgenus ''Cypraea'' of the genus ''Cypraea''. However, it is not mandatory, or even customary, when giving the name of a species, to include the subgeneric name. In the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICNafp), the subgenus is one of the possible subdivisions of a genus. There is no limit to the number of divisions that are permitted within a genus by adding the prefix "sub-" or in other ways as long as no confusion can result. Article 4 The secondary ranks of section and series are subordinate to subgenus. An example is ''Banksia'' subg. ''Isostylis'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. If we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in Genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in Genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecular phylogenetics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pannariaceae
The Pannariaceae are a family of lichens in the order Peltigerales (suborder Collematineae). Species from this family have a widespread distribution, but are especially prevalent in southern temperate regions. Genera According to a recent (2020) estimate, the family contains 27 genera and about 360 species. The following list indicates the genus name, the taxonomic authority, year of publication, and the number of species: *'' Atrophysma'' – 1 sp. *'' Austrella'' – 3 spp. *'' Austroparmeliella'' – 5 spp. *''Degelia'' – 16 spp. *'' Erioderma'' – 32 spp. *'' Fuscoderma'' – 5 spp. *''Fuscopannaria'' – 58 spp. *'' Kroswia'' – 4 spp. *'' Gibbosporina'' – 13 spp. *'' Homothecium'' – 4 spp. *'' Joergensenia'' – 1 sp. *'' Leciophysma'' – 2 spp. *'' Leightoniella'' – 1 sp. *'' Leioderma'' – 7 spp. *'' Lepidocollema'' – 22 spp. *'' Leptogidium'' – 3 spp. *''Nebularia'' – 2 spp. *'' Nevesia'' – 1 sp. *''Pannaria'' – ca. 40 spp. *''P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Protopannaria Pezizoides
''Protopannaria pezizoides'', the gray moss-shingle, is a species of squamulose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was first described scientifically by the German botanist Georg Heinrich Weber in 1778. It has a long and complex taxonomic history, and has an extensive synonymy. It was transferred to the genus ''Protopannaria'' by Per Magnus Jørgensen and Stefan Ekman in 2000; it was assigned as the type species of the genus. ''Protopannaria pezizoides'' is widespread, with a continental distribution that includes Africa, Asia, North America, and Oceania. The lichen thrives in moist and/or humid conditions, predominantly found on soil and at the bases of trees, and occasionally on rocks, within forested and arctic-alpine settings. Its partner is from '' Nostoc'', a genus of cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria (), also known as Cyanophyta, are a phylum of gram-negative bacteria that obtain energy via photosynthesis. The name ''cyanobacteria'' refers to their color (), whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
