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Professed House (Paris)
The Professed House was a Jesuit professed house in Paris, built on the rue Saint-Antoine in Le Marais. Its site between rue Saint-Paul, rue Saint-Antoine and rue Charlemagne are now occupied by the lycée Charlemagne. It welcomed theologians and scientists and was in a quarter lived in by the nobility. The église Saint-Louis (now église Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis) was built nearby. History In 1580, cardinal de Bourbon bought the hôtel de La Rochepot from duchesse de Montmorency and gave it to the Jesuits, who modified it. Between 1627 and 1647, on the Wall of Philip II Augustus, they built the main building of the professed house. This house was the base for the confessors to the kings of France, including père de La Chaise, confessor to Louis XIV of France for 34 years, who gave his name to the cimetière du Père-Lachaise (with a spelling error that appeared under Napoleon I). It also housed preachers such as Bourdaloue and Ménestrier, as well as Marc-Antoine Charpentier ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enceinte Philippe Auguste
Enceinte (from Latin incinctus: girdled, surrounded) is a French language, French term that refers to the "main defensive enclosure of a fortification". For a castle, this is the main defensive line of wall towers and Curtain wall (fortification), curtain walls enclosing the position. For a settlement, it would refer to the main town wall with its associated gatehouses, towers, and walls. According to the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911 ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', the term was strictly applied to the continuous line of bastions and curtain walls forming "the body of the place", this last expression being often used as synonymous with ''enceinte''. However, the outworks or defensive wall close to the enceinte were not considered as forming part of it. In early 20th-century fortification, the enceinte was usually simply the ''innermost'' continuous line of fortifications. In architecture, generally, an enceinte is the Cathedral close, close or precinct of a cathedral, abbe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François D'Aix De La Chaise
François () is a French masculine given name and surname, equivalent to the English name Francis. People with the given name * Francis I of France, King of France (), known as "the Father and Restorer of Letters" * Francis II of France, King of France and King consort of Scots (), known as the husband of Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots * François Amoudruz (1926–2020), French resistance fighter * François-Marie Arouet (better known as Voltaire; 1694–1778), French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher *François Aubry (other), several people * François Baby (other), several people * François Beauchemin (born 1980), Canadian ice hockey player for the Anaheim Duck *François Blanc (1806–1877), French entrepreneur and operator of casinos *François Boucher (other), several people *François Caron (other), several people * François Cevert (1944–1973), French racing driver * François Chau (born 1959), Cambodian American actor * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyacinthe Théodore Baron
Hyacinthe Théodore Baron (born in Paris on 12 August 1707; died on 27 March 1787 in the same city) is a French military physician and a bibliophile. Biography Eldest son of Hyacinthe-Théodore Baron (1686–1758), dean of the Faculty of Medicine in Paris in 1730 and of Marie Pellemoine, daughter of a surgeon from Arpajon, Hyacinthe Théodore Baron was born in Paris in 1707. As a student at this Faculty, he passed his medical thesis on 29 October 1732.. In 1739 he was appointed the first doctor in the French army of Marquis de Maillebois sent against the Corsican insurgents to help Genoa to quell the ongoing rebellion and stayed until the end of the troubles and the withdrawal of the troops in 1741. He was then the first doctor in the French army during the war of the Austrian Succession until the end of 1743, then went to Italy with the Prince de Conti and the Marshal of Belle-Isle. He returned to Paris after the peace of 1748 and became a doctor at the Hôtel-Dieu in Paris, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Génovéfains
Augustinians are members of Christian religious orders that follow the Rule of Saint Augustine, written in about 400 AD by Augustine of Hippo. There are two distinct types of Augustinians in Catholic religious orders dating back to the 12th–13th centuries: * Various congregations of Canons Regular also follow the Rule of Saint Augustine, embrace the evangelical counsels and lead a semi-monastic life, while remaining committed to pastoral care appropriate to their primary vocation as priests. They generally form one large community which might serve parishes in the vicinity, and are organized into autonomous congregations. * Several orders of friars who live a mixed religious life of contemplation and apostolic ministry. The largest and most familiar is the Order of Saint Augustine (OSA), founded in 1244 and originally known as the Hermits of Saint Augustine (OESA). They are commonly known as the Austin Friars in England. Two other orders, the Order of Augustinian Recollects and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Étienne François, Duc De Choiseul
Étienne François, Marquis de Stainville, Duc de Choiseul, KOHS, OGF (28 June 17198 May 1785) was a French military officer, diplomat and statesman. From 1758 to 1761 and from 1766 to 1770, he was Foreign Minister of France and had a strong influence on France's global strategy throughout the period. He is closely associated with France's defeat in the Seven Years' War and subsequent efforts to rebuild French prestige. Biography Rise The eldest son of François Joseph de Choiseul, marquis de Stainville (1700–1770), Étienne François was born in Nancy in the Duchy of Lorraine where his father was one of the leading advisors to the Duke of Lorraine who ruled an independent French-speaking state with close cultural and political links with France. At birth, he bore the title of ''comte de Stainville''. In 1737, Francis Stephen of Lorraine (the future Holy Roman Emperor Francis I) was pressured into giving up Lorraine and becoming ruler of Tuscany in Italy. Realising that c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suppression Of The Society Of Jesus
The suppression of the Jesuits was the removal of all members of the Society of Jesus from most of the countries of Western Europe and their colonies beginning in 1759, and the abolishment of the order by the Holy See in 1773. The Jesuits were serially expelled from the Portuguese Empire (1759), France (1764), the Two Sicilies, Malta, Parma, the Spanish Empire (1767) and Austria, and Hungary (1782). This timeline was influenced by political manoeuvrings both in Rome and within each country involved. The papacy reluctantly acceded to the anti-Jesuit demands of various Catholic kingdoms while providing minimal theological justification for the suppressions. Historians identify multiple factors causing the suppression. The Jesuits, who were not above getting involved in politics, were distrusted for their closeness to the pope and his power in the religious and political affairs of independent nations. In France, it was a combination of many influences, from Jansenism to free-thou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marc-Antoine Charpentier
Marc-Antoine Charpentier (; 1643 – 24 February 1704) was a French Baroque composer during the reign of Louis XIV. One of his most famous works is the main theme from the prelude of his ''Te Deum'', ''Marche en rondeau''. This theme is still used today as a fanfare during television broadcasts of the Eurovision Network, the European Broadcasting Union. Marc-Antoine Charpentier dominated the Baroque musical scene in seventeenth century France because of the quality of his prolific output. He mastered all genres, and his skill in writing sacred vocal music was especially hailed by his contemporaries. He began his career by going to Italy, there he fell under the influence of Giacomo Carissimi as well as other Italian composers, perhaps Domenico Mazzocchi. He would remain marked by the Italian style and become the only one with Jean-Joseph Cassanéa de Mondonville in France to approach the oratorio. In 1670, he became a master of music (composer and singer) in the service of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude-François Ménestrier
Claude-Fran̤ois M̩nestrier (9 March 1631 Р21 January 1705) was a French heraldist, writer, member of the Society of Jesus esuit and attendant of the royal court. M̩nestrier was born in Lyon. He composed numerous books on heraldry, in which he was one of the greatest authorities of his age, the professor of the colleges in Chamb̩ry, Vienne, Grenoble, and Lyon. During 1669-70 he traveled to Germany and Italy, but reached Paris and lived there to his death. Menestrier's early treatises clearly show the influence of Emanuele Tesauro's theoretical work, and in particular the content of his best-known treatise, the ''Cannocchiale aristotelico''. He was the most widely known heraldist of his time, and was from 1622 in close correspondence with Philipp Jakob Spener, the founder of the German scientific heraldry who refused the merely symbolic interpretation of arms. M̩nestrier maintained that we can know the essence of heraldry only from the sources from the age of living h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Bourdaloue
Louis Bourdaloue (20 August 1632 – 13 May 1704) was a French Jesuit and preacher. Biography He was born in Bourges. At the age of sixteen he entered the Society of Jesus, and was appointed successively professor of rhetoric, philosophy and moral theology, in various Jesuit colleges. His success as a preacher in the provinces led his superiors to call him to Paris in 1669 to occupy for a year the pulpit of the church of St. Louis.Now called ''Eglise St.-Paul-St-Louis'', Metro St. Paul. To the left as one enters the church there is a large plaque dedicated to Bourdaloue on a pillar in front of the church. Owing to his eloquence he was speedily ranked in popular estimation with Corneille, Racine, and the other leading figures during the height of Louis XIV's reign. He preached at the court of Versailles during the Advent of 1670 and the Lent of 1672, and was subsequently called again to deliver the Lenten course of sermons in 1674, 1675, 1680 and 1682, and the Advent sermons of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon I
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. He was the ''de facto'' leader of the French Republic as First Consul from 1799 to 1804, then Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814 and again in 1815. Napoleon's political and cultural legacy endures to this day, as a highly celebrated and controversial leader. He initiated many liberal reforms that have persisted in society, and is considered one of the greatest military commanders in history. His wars and campaigns are studied by militaries all over the world. Between three and six million civilians and soldiers perished in what became known as the Napoleonic Wars. Napoleon was born on the island of Corsica, not long af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XIV Of France
, house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Versailles, Versailles, France , burial_date = 9 September 1715 , burial_place = Basilica of Saint-Denis , religion = Catholicism (Gallican Rite) , signature = Louis XIV Signature.svg Louis XIV (Louis Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 14 May 1643 until his death in 1715. His reign of 72 years and 110 days is the longest of any sovereign in history whose date is verifiable. Although Louis XIV's France was emblematic of the age of absolutism in Europe, the King surrounded himself with a variety of significant political, military, and cultural figures, such as Bossuet, Colbert, Le Brun, Le Nôtre, Lully, Mazarin, Molière, Racine, Turenne, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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