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Pomorze Army
The Pomeranian Army ( pl, Armia Pomorze) was one of the Polish armies defending against the 1939 Invasion of Poland. It was officially created on March 23, 1939. Led by General dywizji Władysław Bortnowski, it consisted of 5 infantry divisions, 2 National Defence brigades and 1 cavalry brigade. Tasks The Army was tasked to defend Toruń and Bydgoszcz from a possible German attack and to carry out delaying actions in the "Polish Corridor" area. Operational history The Pomorze Army suffered severe losses during the Battle of Tuchola Forest; losing about a third of its strength. In retreat towards Warsaw from September 6, it subordinated itself to Army Poznań and took part in the battle of Bzura (September 9–20). Organization The Army was commanded by General Władysław Bortnowski; his chief of staff was Colonel Ignacy Izdebski. The composition of the Pomorze Army: Maps See also * Polish army order of battle in 1939 References Armie i samodzielne grupy operacyjne Wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Polish Armies
The following is a list of Polish Armies during World War II, together with their commanders and brigade and division-sized units. For a more detailed list see: Polish army order of battle in 1939. {, border=0 cellpadding=2 , - , width=10 bgcolor=#bbbbdd, , , Karpaty Army (''Armia Karpaty'')Kazimierz Fabrycy2nd and 3rd Mountain Bdes, 11th Infantry Division (Poland), 11th Inf.Div, 24th Infantry Division (Poland), 24th Inf.Div, 38th Infantry Division (Poland), 38th Inf.Div , - , bgcolor=#bbbbdd, , , Kraków Army (''Armia Kraków'')Antoni Szylling6th Infantry Division (Poland), 6th, 7th Infantry Division (Poland), 7th, 21st Mountain Infantry Division (Poland), 21st Mountain, 22nd Mountain Infantry Division (Poland), 22nd Mountain, 23rd Infantry Division (Poland), 23rd, 55th Infantry Division (Poland), 55th Infantry Divisions, 10th Motorized Cavalry Brigade (Poland), 10th Mot., Kraków Cavalry Brigade, Kraków Cav.Bde., 1st Mountain Brigade (Poland), 1st Mountain , - , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomeranian National Defence Brigade
Pomeranian is an adjective referring to the historical region of Pomerania, which is today divided between Poland and Germany. Peoples and cultures * Pomeranian Balts, ancient western Baltic people * Pomeranian culture, an Iron Age culture of earlier people in land later called Pomerania * Pomeranians (Slavic tribe), a medieval West Slavic tribe * Pomeranians (German people) (Pommern), since the High Middle Ages Languages * Pomeranian language, a group of Lechitic dialects spoken by the Slavic Pomeranians of the Middle Ages * East Pomeranian dialect classified within Low German, spoken by the Pomeranians since the High Middle Ages * Central Pomeranian dialect classified within Low German, spoken by the Pomeranians since the High Middle Ages Animal breeds * Pomeranian dog, a ''Spitz'' toy dog breed * Pomeranian Coarsewool sheep (also Pomeranian sheep, Pommernschaf) * Pomeranian duck (also Pommern duck, Pommernente) * Pomeranian goose (also Rügener goose, Pommerngans) * Pomari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chojnice
Chojnice (; , or ''Chòjnice''; german: Konitz or ''Conitz'') is a town in northern Poland with 39,423 inhabitants as of December 2021, near the Tuchola Forest. It is the capital of the Chojnice County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. History Piast Poland Chojnice was founded around 1205 (although the date is considered to be estimate) in Gdańsk Pomerania (Pomeralia), a duchy ruled at the time by the Samborides, who had originally been appointed governors of the province by Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland. Gdańsk Pomerania had been part of Poland since the 10th century, with few episodes of autonomy, yet under Swietopelk II, who came into power in 1217, it gained independence in 1227. The duchy extended roughly from the river Vistula in the east, to the rivers Łeba or Grabowa in the west, and from the rivers Noteć and Brda in the south-west and south, to the Baltic Sea in the north. By 1282 the duchy had returned to Poland. The town's name is Polish in origin and comes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomeranian Cavalry Brigade
Pomeranian Cavalry Brigade (Polish: ''Pomorska Brygada Kawalerii'') was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the interbellum period. It was created on April 1, 1937 out of the Cavalry Brigade "Bydgoszcz". Its headquarters were stationed in Bydgoszcz and the brigade consisted of these units: * 2nd Rokitno Chevau-légers Regiment, garrisoned in Starogard, * 16th Greater Poland Uhlan Regiment of General Gustaw Orlicz-Dreszer, stationed in Bydgoszcz, * 18th Pomeranian Uhlan Regiment, stationed in Grudziądz, * 8th Mounted Rifles Regiment, stationed in Chełmno, * 11th Mounted Artillery Regiment, stationed in Bydgoszcz, * 10th Pioneers Squadron, stationed in Bydgoszcz, * 8th Communications Squadron, stationed in Bydgoszcz. Polish September Campaign The Brigade, under Colonel Adam Zakrzewski, was part of the Pomorze Army. On September 1, 1939, parts of the 18th Regiment of Pomeranian Uhlans made the legendary charge at Krojanty, during which unit's commandant, Colonel Kazimierz Mas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław Grzmot-Skotnicki
Stanisław Grzmot-Skotnicki (; 13 January 1894 – 19 September 1939) was a Polish military commander and a general of the Polish Army. During the invasion of Poland of 1939 he commanded the Czersk Operational Group and was among the highest ranking Polish officers to be killed in action in that war. Stanisław Skotnicki was born on 13 January 1894 in the village of Skotniki (being the root of his surname which literally means ''lord of Skotniki''), to a family of Polish nobility (bearing the coat-of-arms of Clan Bogoria of which the lords of Skotniki are among the most ancient and prominent branches). After graduating from a gymnasium in Radom, he was sent to a Trade Academy in Sankt Gallen in Switzerland. There he formed a unit of the Związek Strzelecki and started organizing military training for the Polish emigrees and students. It was then he adopted his nom de guerre of ''Grzmot'' (Polish language for thunder), which later formed a part of his surname. Upon the outbreak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czersk Operational Group
Czersk Operational Group ( pl, Grupa Operacyjna Czersk, otherwise known as ''Shielding Group Czersk''; named after the town of Czersk, Poland) was an Operational Group (a type of tactical military unit) of the Polish Army. Formed in 1939 under the name of ''Tuchola Detachment'' ( pl, Zgrupowanie Tuchola) as part of the ''Intervention Corps'' created in order to counter a possible German action in the Free City of Danzig, it was not disbanded after the end of the Danzig Crisis. Instead it was pressed into the newly formed Pomorze Army of Gen. Władysław Bortnowski and took part in the fights against the German and Soviet Invasion of Poland later that year. Commanded by Gen. Stanisław Grzmot-Skotnicki, it was composed of one cavalry brigade and one brigade-strong reserve infantry detachment, as well as numerous smaller units. In total, the unit had a force equivalent to one and a half divisions. Along with the rest of the army it took part in the early stages of the war, notably in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zygmunt Szyszko-Bohusz
Zygmunt Piotr Bohusz-Szyszko (1893 in Chełm – 1982 in London) was a Polish general. During World War I he served in the Imperial Russian army. In 1940, he was Commanding Officer Polish Independent Highland Brigade (''Samodzielna Brygada Strzelcow Podhalanskich'') during the Battle of Narvik in the Norwegian campaign. The forces under his command succeeded in capturing the Ankenes peninsula during May 1940. Career * -1931 Commanding Officer 58th Regiment * 1931-1934 Commanding Border Defence Regiment Głębokie * 1934-1938 Deputy General Officer Commanding Border Defence Corps * 1938-1939 Commanding Officer Infantry 1st Division * 1939 Commanding Officer Infantry 16th Division * 1939-1940 Commanding Officer 1st Mountain Brigade, Norway * 1941-1942 Head Polish Military Mission Moscow * 1941-1943 Chief of Staff Polish Forces in Soviet Union * 1942 General Officer Commanding 5th Division, Soviet Union * 1943-1945 Deputy General Officer Commanding II Polish Corps, Italy * 1945-194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish 16th Infantry Division
The 16th Pomeranian Infantry Division ( pl, 16. Pomorska Dywizja Piechoty) is a military unit of the Polish Army. It was first raised on 16 August 1919 during the Polish uprising, before going on to serve during the subsequent war with the Bolsheviks. At the start of World War II the division fought briefly against the advancing German Army before being destroyed on 19 September 1939 after being surrounded in the Kampinos Forest. The division was raised once more in 1945 following the Soviet takeover of Poland; however, it did not see further action during the war. Afterwards it continued to serve, undergoing a number of changes in name and role. Today, it exists as the 16th Mechanised Division. History Formation The Polish 16th Infantry Division was created on August 16, 1919, during the Greater Poland Uprising under the name of ''4th Pomeranian Rifle Division'' ( pl, 4. Dywizja Strzelców Pomorskich). After the uprising it was officially accepted into the Polish Army and took ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish 4th Infantry Division
The Polish 4th Infantry Division (''Polish: 4. Dywizja Piechoty'') was created following Polish independence after the end of World War I. The division participated in the Polish–Ukrainian War in 1919. During World War II, the division existed as three wholly separate organizations, the original incarnation of the division as part of the prewar Polish Army, the second incarnation armed and equipped by the western Allies, and the final incarnation armed and equipped by the Soviet Union. The second and third incarnations of this division existed simultaneously from 1944 until 1947. Service to 1939 Prior to the start of World War II, the 4th Infantry Division was initially commanded by Colonel Tadeusz Lubicz-Niezabitowski, and its peacetime headquarters was located in Toruń, with additional units stationed in Włocławek and Brodnica. After September 4, 1939, it was commanded by Colonel Mieczysław Rawicz-Mysłowski, and then after September 12 it was commanded by Colonel Józef Wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mikołaj Bołtuć
Mikołaj Bołtuć (21 December 1893 in Saint Petersburg – 22 September 1939 near Łomianki) was a brigadier-general of the Polish Army, commander of the IV Polish infantry Division during World War II. He was the son of Ignacy Bołtuć, Russian General of Polish descent, and Anna Bołtuciowa, née Łabuńska, of Rzeczyca.); yet another possibility. Bołtuć was enlisted in the Russian Kadet officers school in Omsk when he was seven. During World War I, Bołtuć served in the Tsarist Army. He fought with distinction in the Finnish Civil War in 1918. After the Bolshevik Revolution, he served as captain in the White Russian Army during the Russian Civil War until the evacuation of Odessa in which he commanded the last leaving vessel. He returned to Poland and joined the Polish military. He commanded units near Kamieniec, Podolski and elsewhere. During the Soviet-Polish war of 1920, he commanded the unit ''Strzelcy Kaniowscy''. Bołtuć, still a captain, commanded the defe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operational Group
{{Unreferenced, date=October 2008 Operational Group ( pl, Grupa Operacyjna, abbreviated GO) was the highest level of tactical division of the Polish Army before and during World War II and the invasion of Poland. It was corps-sized, although various Operational Groups varied in size. Operational groups first appeared in Polish tactical scheme during the Polish-Bolshevik War, most probably under the influence of French Military Mission to Poland. After the war they were dissolved. Prior to World War II, the operational groups were recreated. Initially, in March 1939, they consisted only of staffs formed around existing corps commands. According to the Polish mobilization scheme, they were to become mobile reserves of the Polish armies and other major strategic-scale units. One of such groups, the Kutno Operational Group, was planned but never created. Also, in the autumn of 1938, the Independent Operational Group Silesia was created with the purpose of capturing Zaolzie from Czecho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
