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Polytrichum Appalachianum
''Polytrichum'' is a genus of mosses — commonly called haircap moss or hair moss — which contains approximately 70 species that cover a cosmopolitan distribution. The genus ''Polytrichum'' has a number of closely related sporophytic characters. The scientific name is derived from the Ancient Greek words ''polys'', meaning "many", and ''thrix'', meaning "hair". This name was used in ancient times to refer to plants with fine, hairlike parts, including mosses, but this application specifically refers to the hairy calyptras found on young sporophytes. A similar naming related to hair appears in Old Norse, ''haddr silfjar'', "hair of Sif", goddess from Norse Mythology, wife of the god Thor. There are two major sections of ''Polytrichum'' species. The first — section ''Polytrichum'' — has narrow, toothed, and relatively erect leaf margins. The other — section ''Juniperifolia'' — has broad, entire, and sharply inflexed leaf margins that enclose the lamellae on the upper lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gametophyte
A gametophyte () is one of the two alternation of generations, alternating multicellular organism, multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae. It is a haploid multicellular organism that develops from a haploid spore that has one set of chromosomes. The gametophyte is the Sexual reproduction of plants, sexual phase in the life cycle of plants and algae. It develops sex organs that produce gametes, haploid sex cells that participate in fertilization to form a diploid zygote which has a double set of chromosomes. Cell division of the zygote results in a new diploid multicellular organism, the second stage in the life cycle known as the sporophyte. The sporophyte can produce haploid spores by meiosis that on germination produce a new generation of gametophytes. Algae In some multicellular green algae (''Ulva lactuca'' is one example), red algae and brown algae, sporophytes and gametophytes may be externally indistinguishable (isomorphic). In ''Ulva (genus), Ulv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to fuel the organism's activities. Some of this chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars and starches, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name ''photosynthesis'', from the Greek ''phōs'' (), "light", and ''synthesis'' (), "putting together". Most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis is largely responsible for producing and maintaining the oxygen content of the Earth's atmosphere, and supplies most of the energy necessary for life on Earth. Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centers that contain green chlorophyll (and other colored) pigments/chromoph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polytrichum Juniperinum
''Polytrichum juniperinum'', commonly known as juniper haircap or juniper polytrichum moss, is an evergreen and perennial species of moss that is widely distributed, growing on every continent including Antarctica.Polytrichum juniperinum U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.Plants For A Future. Plant Database Description The stems are reddish with grey-green |
Polytrichum Hyperboreum
''Polytrichum hyperboreum'' (commonly referred to as Arctic haircap moss"Polytrichum hyperboreum Arctic Haircap Moss".(2022) ''NatureServe Explorer''. Accessed 04-05-2022. https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.126034/Polytrichum_hyperboreum) is a species of moss belonging to the genus ''Polytrichum'', commonly found throughout arctic regions of the world."Polytrichum hyperboreum in Flora of North America" (2008). Published on the Internehttp://efloras.org ccessed 05 April 2022' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250065138 Members of this dioecious species readily produces sporophytes with their sporophytic structure, consisting of a foot, seta, capsule, and a hairy calyptra, similar to other ''Polytrichum'' species. ''Polytrichum hyperboreum'' is distinguishable by certain unique features of there gametophytic structure that sets them apart from other gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polytrichum Formosum
''Polytrichastrum formosum'', commonly known as the bank haircap moss, is a species of moss belonging to the family Polytrichaceae. It has a cosmopolitan distribution, found mostly in temperate latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere and especially dominant in Europe and North America. However, it has also been identified in India, China, Nepal, Japan, Algeria, Australia, New Zealand, Russia, Turkey, Syria, and the Atlantic islands (i.e. Iceland). This species was previously called ''Polytrichum formosum'' but has been reclassified as ''Polytrichastrum formosum'' due to distinct sporangial features. Recent molecular studies suggest that it should be moved back to its original genus (''Polytrichum''), however Bryology, bryologists have not yet reached a consensus. Habitat ''Polytrichastrum formosum'' generally inhabits shaded, poor soils and humus in damp coniferous forests and cool temperate rainforests. This species is most common in Europe and grows in grasslands, lowland h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polytrichum Commune
''Polytrichum commune'' (also known as common haircap, great golden maidenhair, great goldilocks, common haircap moss, or common hair moss) is a species of moss found in many regions with high humidity and rainfall. The species can be exceptionally tall for a moss with stems often exceeding though rarely reaching , but it is most commonly found at shorter lengths of . It is widely distributed throughout temperate and boreal latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere and also found in Mexico, several Pacific Islands including New Zealand, and also in Australia. It typically grows in bogs, wet heathland and along forest streams. Description ''Polytrichum commune'' is a medium to large moss. It is dark green in colour, but becomes brownish with age. The stems can occur in either loose or quite dense tufts, often forming extensive colonies. The stems are most typically found at lengths of 5 to 10 cm, but can be as short as 2 cm or as long as 70 cm. They range in stiffness f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polytrichum Alpinum
''Polytrichum alpinum'', also known as Alpine haircap, is a species of moss from the family Polytrichaceae. It is widely distributed and may be found growing among other moss species. Description ''Polytrichum alpinum'' grows to form a loose, muddy green or bluish-green to brownish lawn. Typically, it grows up to high. The upright to erect stems often carry tufted branches of equal length above. In the lower part of the stems, leaves are small and scale-like, but become larger in the upper stem section – usually 7–10 mm long. The broad-oval, yellowish to brownish sheath at the leaf base is linear-lanceolate and occupies less than a third of the total leaf length. Leaf edges are serrated, fitting together when dry and bending back and protruding when wet. The leaf rib is cut in the upper part, emerging from the back as a short spike from the blade tip. The spreading part of the leaf is covered with numerous lamellae (up to 40), these are in the middle of the leaf, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polytrichum Appalachianum
''Polytrichum'' is a genus of mosses — commonly called haircap moss or hair moss — which contains approximately 70 species that cover a cosmopolitan distribution. The genus ''Polytrichum'' has a number of closely related sporophytic characters. The scientific name is derived from the Ancient Greek words ''polys'', meaning "many", and ''thrix'', meaning "hair". This name was used in ancient times to refer to plants with fine, hairlike parts, including mosses, but this application specifically refers to the hairy calyptras found on young sporophytes. A similar naming related to hair appears in Old Norse, ''haddr silfjar'', "hair of Sif", goddess from Norse Mythology, wife of the god Thor. There are two major sections of ''Polytrichum'' species. The first — section ''Polytrichum'' — has narrow, toothed, and relatively erect leaf margins. The other — section ''Juniperifolia'' — has broad, entire, and sharply inflexed leaf margins that enclose the lamellae on the upper lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of North America
The ''Flora of North America North of Mexico'' (usually referred to as ''FNA'') is a multivolume work describing the native plants and naturalized plants of North America, including the United States, Canada, St. Pierre and Miquelon, and Greenland. It includes bryophytes and vascular plants. All taxa are described and included in dichotomous keys, distributions of all species and infraspecific taxa are mapped, and about 20% of species are illustrated with line drawings prepared specifically for FNA. It is expected to fill 30 volumes when completed and will be the first work to treat all of the known flora north of Mexico; in 2015 it was expected tha the series would conclude in 2017. Twenty-nine of the volumes have been published as of 2022. Soon after publication, the contents are made available online. FNA is a collaboration of about 1,000 authors, artists, reviewers, and editors from throughout the world. Reception The series has been praised for "the comprehensive treatme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peristome
Peristome (from the Greek ''peri'', meaning 'around' or 'about', and ''stoma'', 'mouth') is an anatomical feature that surrounds an opening to an organ or structure. Some plants, fungi, and shelled gastropods have peristomes. In mosses In mosses, the peristome is a specialized structure in the sporangium that allows for gradual spore discharge, instead of releasing them all at once. Most mosses produce a capsule with a lid (the operculum) which falls off when the spores inside are mature and thus ready to be dispersed. The opening thus revealed is called the ''stoma'' (meaning "mouth") and is surrounded by one or two peristomes. Each peristome is a ring of triangular "teeth" formed from the remnants of dead cells with thickened cell walls. There are usually 16 such teeth in a single peristome, separate from each other and able to both fold in to cover the stoma as well as fold back to open the stoma. This articulation of the teeth is termed arthrodontous and is found in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dioicous
Dioicy () is a sexual system where archegonia and antheridia are produced on separate gametophytes. It is one of the two main sexual systems in bryophytes. Both dioicous () and monoicous gametophytes produce gametes in gametangia by mitosis rather than meiosis, so that sperm and eggs are genetically identical with their parent gametophyte. Description Dioicy promotes outcrossing. Sexual dimorphism is commonly found in dioicous species. However, according to Bernard Goffinet sexual dimorphism is rare in dioicous moss species. Dioicy is correlated with reduced sporophyte production, due to spatial separation of male and female colonies, scarcity or absence of males. The term dioecy is meaningless for bryophytes because it refers to the sexuality of sporophytes. Nonetheless dioecy and dioicy are comparable in many respects. Etymology The words dioicous and di(o)ecious are derived from οἶκος or οἰκία and δι- (di-), twice, double. (''(o)e'' is the Latin way of tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
