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Polyclad
The Polycladida represents a highly diverse clade of free-living marine flatworms. They are known from the littoral to the Sublittoral zone, sublittoral zone (extending to the deep hot vents), and many species are common from coral reefs. Only a few species are found in freshwater habitats. Description Polyclads range from to in length with a flattened, roughly oval, body shape and, in many cases, a pair of short tentacles on the head. They are distinguished from other related animals by the presence of a folded pharynx, an elongated intestine with numerous complex diverticulum, diverticula, and multiple ocellus, ocelli. The etymology of the order name ''Polycladida'' corresponds to the two ancient Greek words (), meaning "numerous", and (), meaning "branch". It refers to the ramified shape of the intestine in these flatworms. Most polyclads hide away from direct light. However, some of the brightly colored species often are active during the day. With their flamboyant col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thysanozoon Nigropapillosum
''Thysanozoon nigropapillosum'' is a species of polyclad, polyclad flatworms belonging to the family Pseudocerotidae. Some common names include gold-speckled flatworm, marine flatworm, yellow papillae flatworm, yellow-spotted flatworm, and yellow-spotted polyclad flatworm. Description ''Thysanozoon nigropapillosum'' has a long body and broad shape. They grow up to . The dorsal surface is deep black and covered with numerous yellow-tipped papillae varying in size. The ventral surface is dark brown. The outer margin of the body is slightly wavy and bordered in opaque white. They have small, ear-like pseudotentacles in the middle of the anterior end. They swim by propelling themselves through the water with a rhythmic undulating motion of the body. Distribution This species is widespread in the tropical Indo-Pacific. Biology ''Thysanozoon nigropapillosum'' is quite common along the external reef in the shallow sub-tidal zone. It can swim by undulating and rhythmically cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Müller's Larva
Müller's larva or Mulleria is a larva of some Polycladida. It has 8-fold symmetry and is somewhat like a ctenophore. Müller’s larva is ciliated and has several paired and unpaired lobes. The cilia on the lobes are longer than cilia on the rest of the body. At the anterior and posterior ends of the larva are tufts of longer cilia (apical and caudal). The apical tuft originates from the apical organ, a sensory structure associated with the central nervous system. It is named after Johannes Peter Müller (1801-1858), a German physiologist who invented the plankton net A plankton net is equipment used for collecting samples of plankton in standing bodies of water. It consists of a towing line and bridles, nylon mesh net, and a cod end. Plankton nets are considered one of the oldest, simplest and least expensi ..., and first described larval forms of many phyla. References Larvae {{flatworm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudobiceros Bedfordi
''Pseudobiceros bedfordi'' (common names Persian carpet flatworm and Bedford's flatworm) is a species of flatworm in the family Pseudocerotidae. This species has two penises, which it uses to engage in penis fencing, attempting to inject sperm into its opponent in order to fertilize it, while simultaneously avoiding being fertilized by their opponent. Description ''Pseudobiceros bedfordi'' is a large polyclad flatworm approximately 8–10 cm in length. It has a distinctive pattern consisting of a brown to black background, with multiple transverse, bilateral pink lines around thousands of tightly spaced, bright yellow spots,Richmond, Matthew D. (1997), ''A Field Guide to the Seashores of Eastern Africa and the Western Indian Ocean Islands'', IDA/Department for Research Cooperation, SAREC, , p. 154 pink undulating spots with stripes on the sides of the body. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudocerotidae
Pseudocerotidae is a family of flatworms which includes the Bedford's flatworm. Pseudocerotidae are simple organisms categorized by their oval bodies and tentacles and bright colors. They use the cilia to glide along surfaces. Most commonly referred to as marine flatworms, closely related to the orders Macrostomorpha and Lecithoepitheliata. These organisms have very complex reproductive systems, no blood systems or organs for gas exchange, a simple brain and are hermaphroditic. Habitat Due to the anthropogenic transportation of non-native marine species, their species can be found all around the world in tropical and subtropical waters near coral reefs, shallow reefs, deep waters, water surfaces and in aquaculture areas. The most biodiverse areas with these species are the Caribbean and Indo-Pacific regions. Diet The feeding methods of pseudocerotidae are most intriguing, due to their soft bodies and slow movements they must prey on other organisms with little to no moveme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prosthiostomidae
Prosthiostomidae is a family of free-living marine polyclad flatworm The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek πλατύ, ''platy'', meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), ''helminth-'', meaning "worm") are a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegment ...s in the suborder Cotylea. Genera * '' Enchiridium'' Bock, 1913 * '' Enterogonimus'' Hallez, 1913 * '' Euprosthiostomum'' Bock, 1925 * '' Lurymare'' Marcus & Marcus, 1968 * '' Prosthiostomum'' Quatrefage, 1845 References External links Turbellaria {{flatworm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stylochidae
Stylochidae is a family of polyclad flatworms. It includes the species '' Stylochus zebra'', which usually lives in shells occupied by the hermit crab ''Pagurus pollicaris ''Pagurus pollicaris'' is a hermit crab commonly found along the Atlantic coast of North America from New Brunswick to the Gulf of Mexico. It is known by a number of common names, including ''gray hermit crab'', ''flat-clawed hermit crab'', ''f ...'', though it can sometimes be found free living on rocks and pilings. The family contains the following 6 genera containing 36 accepted species: *'' Cryptostylochus'' **'' Cryptostylochus coseirensis'' **'' Cryptostylochus hullensis'' **'' Cryptostylochus koreensis'' *'' Distylochus'' **'' Distylochus isifer'' **'' Distylochus martae'' **'' Distylochus pusillus'' *'' Kataria'' **'' Kataria gloriosa'' *'' Leptostylochus'' **'' Leptostylochus capensis'' **'' Leptostylochus elongatus'' **'' Leptostylochus gracilis'' **'' Leptostylochus novacambrensis'' **'' Leptost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acotylea
Acotylea is a suborder of free-living marine turbellarian flatworms in the order Polycladida. Taxonomy * Superfamily Cryptoceloidea Faubel, 1984 ** Family Cryptocelidae Laidlaw, 1903 ** Family Discocelididae Laidlaw, 1903 ** Family Ilyplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Plehniidae Bock, 1913 ** Family Polyposthiidae Bergendal, 1893 * Superfamily Leptoplanoidea Faubel, 1984 ** Family Candimboididae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Faubelidae Ozdikmen, 2010 ** Family Gnesiocerotidae Marcus and Marcus, 1966 ** Family Leptoplanidae Stimpson, 1857 ** Family Mucroplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Notocomplanidae Litvaitis, Bolaños & Quiroga, 2019 ** Family Notoplanidae Marcus and Marcus, 1966 ** Family Palauidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Pleioplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Stylochoplanidae Meixner, 1907 * Superfamily Stylochoidea Stimpson, 1857 ** Family Callioplanidae Hyman, 1953 ** Family Discoprosthididae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Hoploplanidae Stummer-Traunfels, 1933 ** Family La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sea Sponge
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. Sponges have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and that often migrate between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead, most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes. Sponges were first to branch off the evolutionary tree from the last common ancestor of all animals, making them the sister group of all other animals. Etymology The term ''sponge'' derives from the Ancient Greek word ( 'sponge'). Overview Sponges are similar to other animals in that they are multicellular, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudobiceros Sp
''Pseudobiceros'' is a genus of flatworms. Like all flatworms, Pseudobiceros are hermaphrodites. This particular genus engages in penis fencing. When the "winner" touches its penis to the "skin" of the other, insemination occurs, and the "loser" has to bear the burden of motherhood. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Pseudobiceros'': *'' Pseudobiceros apricus'' Newman & Cannon, 1994 *'' Pseudobiceros bajae'' (Hyman, 1953) *''Pseudobiceros bedfordi'' (Laidlaw, 1903) *'' Pseudobiceros brogani'' Newman & Cannon, 1997 *'' Pseudobiceros caribbensis'' Bolanos, Quiroga & Litvaitis, 2007 *'' Pseudobiceros cinereus'' (Palombi, 1931) *'' Pseudobiceros damawan'' Newman & Cannon, 1994 *'' Pseudobiceros dendriticus'' (Prudhoe, 1989) *'' Pseudobiceros flavocanthus'' Newman & Cannon, 1994 *'' Pseudobiceros flavolineatus'' (Prudhoe, 1989) *'' Pseudobiceros flowersi'' Newman & Cannon, 1997 *'' Pseudobiceros fulgor'' Newman & Cannon, 1994 *'' Pseudobiceros fulvogriseus'' (H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opisthogeniidae
Cotylea is a suborder of free-living marine turbellarian flatworms in the order Polycladida. Families * Boniniidae Bock, 1923 * Cestoplanidae Lang, 1884 * Chromoplanidae Bock, 1922 * Dicteroidae Faubel, 1984 * Diposthidae Woodworth, 1898 * Ditremageniidae Palombi, 1928 * Euryleptidae Stimpson, 1857 * Opisthogeniidae Palombi, 1928 * Amyellidae Faubel, 1984 * Pericelidae Laidlaw, 1902 * Prosthiostomidae Lang, 1884 * Pseudocerotidae Pseudocerotidae is a family of flatworms which includes the Bedford's flatworm. Pseudocerotidae are simple organisms categorized by their oval bodies and tentacles and bright colors. They use the cilia to glide along surfaces. Most commonly refer ... Lang, 1884 * Theamatidae Marcus, 1949 References External links Turbellaria {{flatworm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ditremageniidae
Cotylea is a suborder of free-living marine turbellarian flatworms in the order Polycladida. Families * Boniniidae Bock, 1923 * Cestoplanidae Lang, 1884 * Chromoplanidae Bock, 1922 * Dicteroidae Faubel, 1984 * Diposthidae Woodworth, 1898 * Ditremageniidae Palombi, 1928 * Euryleptidae Stimpson, 1857 * Opisthogeniidae Palombi, 1928 * Amyellidae Faubel, 1984 * Pericelidae Laidlaw, 1902 * Prosthiostomidae Lang, 1884 * Pseudocerotidae Pseudocerotidae is a family of flatworms which includes the Bedford's flatworm. Pseudocerotidae are simple organisms categorized by their oval bodies and tentacles and bright colors. They use the cilia to glide along surfaces. Most commonly refer ... Lang, 1884 * Theamatidae Marcus, 1949 References External links Turbellaria {{flatworm-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Planoceridae
Acotylea is a suborder of free-living marine turbellarian flatworms in the order Polycladida. Taxonomy * Superfamily Cryptoceloidea Faubel, 1984 ** Family Cryptocelidae Laidlaw, 1903 ** Family Discocelididae Laidlaw, 1903 ** Family Ilyplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Plehniidae Bock, 1913 ** Family Polyposthiidae Bergendal, 1893 * Superfamily Leptoplanoidea Faubel, 1984 ** Family Candimboididae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Faubelidae Ozdikmen, 2010 ** Family Gnesiocerotidae Marcus and Marcus, 1966 ** Family Leptoplanidae Stimpson, 1857 ** Family Mucroplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Notocomplanidae Litvaitis, Bolaños & Quiroga, 2019 ** Family Notoplanidae Marcus and Marcus, 1966 ** Family Palauidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Pleioplanidae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Stylochoplanidae Meixner, 1907 * Superfamily Stylochoidea Stimpson, 1857 ** Family Callioplanidae Hyman, 1953 ** Family Discoprosthididae Faubel, 1983 ** Family Hoploplanidae Stummer-Traunfels, 1933 ** Family La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
