''Pseudobiceros'' is a genus of
flatworm
The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek πλατύ, ''platy'', meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), ''helminth-'', meaning "worm") are a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegment ...
s. Like all flatworms, Pseudobiceros are
hermaphrodite
In reproductive biology, a hermaphrodite () is an organism that has both kinds of reproductive organs and can produce both gametes associated with male and female sexes.
Many Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic groups of animals (mostly invertebrate ...
s. This particular genus engages in
penis fencing
__NOTOC__
Penis fencing is a mating behavior engaged in by many species of flatworm, such as '' Pseudobiceros hancockanus''. Species which engage in the practice are hermaphroditic; each individual has both egg-producing ovaries and sperm-produci ...
. When the "winner" touches its penis to the "skin" of the other, insemination occurs, and the "loser" has to bear the burden of motherhood.
Species
The following species are recognised in the genus ''Pseudobiceros'':
*''
Pseudobiceros apricus''
Newman & Cannon, 1994
*''
Pseudobiceros bajae''
(Hyman Surname
Hyman is the surname of:
* Alan Hyman (1910–1999), author and screenwriter
* Alexander C. Hyman (Born 1993), American Businessman
* Albert Hyman (1893–1972), co-inventor of the artificial pacemaker
* Anthony Hyman (disambiguation), s ...
, 1953)
*''
Pseudobiceros bedfordi
''Pseudobiceros bedfordi'' (common names Persian carpet flatworm and Bedford's flatworm) is a species of flatworm in the family Pseudocerotidae.
This species has two penises, which it uses to engage in penis fencing, attempting to inject sperm i ...
''
(Laidlaw
Laidlaw (), organized as Laidlaw International, Inc. (with corporate headquarters in Naperville, Illinois) was the largest provider of intercity bus services, contract public transit and paratransit, and contract school bus service in both ...
, 1903)
*''
Pseudobiceros brogani''
Newman & Cannon, 1997
*''
Pseudobiceros caribbensis''
Bolanos, Quiroga & Litvaitis, 2007
*''
Pseudobiceros cinereus''
(Palombi, 1931)
*''
Pseudobiceros damawan''
Newman & Cannon, 1994
*''
Pseudobiceros dendriticus''
(Prudhoe, 1989)
*''
Pseudobiceros flavocanthus''
Newman & Cannon, 1994
*''
Pseudobiceros flavolineatus''
(Prudhoe, 1989)
*''
Pseudobiceros flowersi''
Newman & Cannon, 1997
*''
Pseudobiceros fulgor''
Newman & Cannon, 1994
*''
Pseudobiceros fulvogriseus''
(Hyman Surname
Hyman is the surname of:
* Alan Hyman (1910–1999), author and screenwriter
* Alexander C. Hyman (Born 1993), American Businessman
* Albert Hyman (1893–1972), co-inventor of the artificial pacemaker
* Anthony Hyman (disambiguation), s ...
, 1959)
*''
Pseudobiceros gardinieri''
(Laidlaw
Laidlaw (), organized as Laidlaw International, Inc. (with corporate headquarters in Naperville, Illinois) was the largest provider of intercity bus services, contract public transit and paratransit, and contract school bus service in both ...
, 1902)
*''
Pseudobiceros gloriosus''
(Newman & Cannon, 1994)
*''
Pseudobiceros gratus''
(Kato, 1937)
*''
Pseudobiceros hancockanus''
( Collingwood, 1876)
*''
Pseudobiceros izuensis''
(Kato, 1944)
*''
Pseudobiceros kryptos''
Newman & Cannon, 1997
*''
Pseudobiceros mikros''
Newman & Cannon, 1997
*''
Pseudobiceros miniatus''
(Schmarda
Ludwig Karl Schmarda (23 August 1819 – 7 April 1908) was an Austrian naturalist and traveler, born at Olmütz, Moravia.
Early life and education
Schmarda was born at Olmütz where he attended the Grammar School and the Philosophical Course a ...
, 1859)
*''
Pseudobiceros murinus''
Newman & Cannon, 1997
*''
Pseudobiceros nigromarginatus''
(Yeri & Kaburaki, 1918)
*''
Pseudobiceros pardalis
''Pseudobiceros'' is a genus of flatworms. Like all flatworms, Pseudobiceros are hermaphrodites. This particular genus engages in penis fencing. When the "winner" touches its penis to the "skin" of the other, insemination occurs, and the "loser" ...
''
(Verrill, 1900)
*''
Pseudobiceros philippinensis''
(Kaburaki, 1923)
*''
Pseudobiceros principensis''
Pérez-García, Herrero-Barrencua, Noreña & Cervera, 2020
*''
Pseudobiceros rubrocinctus''
(Schmarda
Ludwig Karl Schmarda (23 August 1819 – 7 April 1908) was an Austrian naturalist and traveler, born at Olmütz, Moravia.
Early life and education
Schmarda was born at Olmütz where he attended the Grammar School and the Philosophical Course a ...
, 1859)
*''
Pseudobiceros schmardae''
Faubel, 1984
*''
Pseudobiceros sharroni''
Newman & Cannon, 1997
*''
Pseudobiceros splendidus''
(Lang, 1884)
*''
Pseudobiceros stellae''
Newman & Cannon, 1994
*''
Pseudobiceros undulatus''
(Kelaart, 1858)
*''
Pseudobiceros uniarborensis''
Newman & Cannon, 1994
*''
Pseudobiceros viridis''
(Kelaart, 1858)
*''
Pseudobiceros wirtzi''
Bahia & Schroedl, 2016
Image:Pseudobiceros bedfordi.jpg, ''Pseudobiceros bedfordi
''Pseudobiceros bedfordi'' (common names Persian carpet flatworm and Bedford's flatworm) is a species of flatworm in the family Pseudocerotidae.
This species has two penises, which it uses to engage in penis fencing, attempting to inject sperm i ...
''
Image:Pseudobiceros damawan.jpg, '' Pseudobiceros damawan''
Image:Pseudobiceros fulgor, de nuit.jpg, '' Pseudobiceros fulgor''
Image:Pserudobiceros gloriosus (flatworm) on Polycarpa aurata (Seasquirt).jpg, '' Pseudobiceros gloriosus''
Image:Pseudobiceros hancockanus.jpg, '' Pseudobiceros hancockanus''
Image:Pseudobiceros splendidus.jpg, '' Pseudobiceros splendidus''
Image:Pseudobiceros stellae.JPG , '' Pseudobiceros stellae''
Image:Pseudobiceros damawan, de nuit.jpg, '' Pseudobiceros damawan''
Image:Pseudobiceros uniarborensis.jpg, '' Pseudobiceros uniarborensis''
Image:Pseudobiceros sp. (Bumpy flatworm).jpg, Unidentified ''Pseudobiceros''
Image:Pseudobiceros sp. (Mottled flatworm).jpg, Unidentified ''Pseudobiceros''
Image:Pseudobiceros sp. Réunion.JPG, Unidentified ''Pseudobiceros''
References
External links
PBS website with video of ''Pseudobiceros hancockanus'' penis-fencing
Turbellaria genera
{{flatworm-stub