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Polanen Castle
Polanen Castle was a castle located in today's Monster, South Holland in the Netherlands. The ancestral home of the Polanen family, it suffered a siege in 1351 and was demolished in 1394. It was replaced by a small manor somewhat to the south. Castle Characteristics The castle Polanen Castle was located on an island, or inner bailey of 42 by 29 m. The island was surrounded by a 12 m wide moat. On the northeast corner was a tower house or donjon built c. 1300. It measured 11.60 by 11.30 m, and on the inside 7.60 by 7.10 m, making the wall about 2 m thick at the foundation level. At the top the walls were still 1.30 m thick. It was at least 12 m high. The bricks used measured 29-30 * 13-14 * 5–7 cm. In the 1320s other structures were added to the castle. On the northeast corner of the terrain a small stair tower was added. Its northwest corner was adjacent to the east corner of the tower house. It was identified as a stair tower with privy due to it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monster, South Holland
Monster is a town in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Westland, and lies about south-west of The Hague. The village of Monster has a population of around 11,580.Statistics Netherlands (CBS)''Statline: Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2003-2005'' As of 1 January 2005. The statistical area Monster, which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 14,540. Until 2004 it was a separate municipality and covered an area of (of which is water). The former municipality of Monster also included the towns, Poeldijk and Ter Heijde. Monster and Ter Heijde are towns on the North Sea coast and have a popular beach. History In the 13th century a great deal of the Westland, Loosduinen and The Hague were administered by Monster. When The Hague came to be constructed, a split was made in Haag-ambacht and Half-Loosduinen. The latter village was separated from Monster in 1812. Remains of the former glory can still be seen between ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William I, Duke Of Bavaria
William I, Duke of Bavaria- Straubing (Frankfurt am Main, 1330–1389, Le Quesnoy), was the second son of Emperor Louis IV and Margaret II of Hainaut. He was also known as William V, Count of Holland, as William III, Count of Hainaut and as William IV, Count of Zeeland. Biography In 1345 William's father was conferring Hainaut, Holland, Zeeland and Friesland upon his wife Margaret, and shortly later also upon their son William. After his father's death in 1347, William ruled Bavaria, Holland and Hainaut together with his five brothers until 1349. With the first division of the Wittelsbach possessions in 1349 he received Hainaut, Holland and Lower Bavaria together with his brothers Stephen II and Albert I. After the next division of Bavaria in 1353, he ruled together with his younger brother Albert I in Bavaria-Straubing, Holland and Hainaut. William had engaged in a long struggle with his mother Margaret, obtaining Holland and Zeeland from her in 1354, and Hainaut on her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan III Van Montfoort
Jan III van Montfoort (or Johan van Montfoort), (c. 1448 – 28 March 1522) was Viscount of Montfoort, Free and high fief of Zuid-Polsbroek, Lord of Zuid-Polsbroek, Lordship of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam, Lord of Purmerend-Purmerland, and a leader of the Hook and Cod wars, Hook Party in the Bishopric of Utrecht. He was the son of Henry IV van Montfoort and Margretha van Croy. Jan van Montfoort opposed the Burgundian rule of the Utrecht in the person of Bishop David of Burgundy. This led to the First Utrecht Civil War between 1470–1474 and the Second Utrecht Civil War between 1481–1483. After the Siege of Utrecht (1483) peace was concluded but Jan van Montfoort lost his Fiefs of Purmerend-Purmerland and Zuid-Polsbroek, which were confiscated and given to nobles close to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian of Austria. Van Montfoort supported Frans van Brederode during his failed rebellion between 1488–1490. Van Montfoort died in 1522 and was buried in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morgen
A morgen was a unit of measurement of land area in Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, Lithuania and the Dutch colonies, including South Africa and Taiwan. The size of a morgen varies from . It was also used in Old Prussia, in the Balkans, Norway and Denmark, where it was equal to about . The word is identical with the German and Dutch word for "morning", because, similarly to the Imperial acre, it denoted the acreage that could be furrowed in a morning's time by a man behind an ox or horse dragging a single bladed plough. The ''morgen'' was commonly set at about 60–70% of the ''tagwerk'' (German for "day work") referring to a full day of ploughing. In 1869, the North German Confederation fixed the morgen at a but in modern times most farmland work is measured in full hectares. The next lower measurement unit was the German "rute" or Imperial rod but the metric rod length of never became popular. A unit derived from the Dutch morgen is still used in Taiwan today, called " kah" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelmina Van Naaldwijk
Wilhelmina may refer to: *Wilhelmina (given name), a given name and list of people with the name People * Wilhelmina of the Netherlands (1880–1962), Queen of the Kingdom of the Netherlands from 1890 to 1948 * Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick (1673–1742), empress consort of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, Queen of the Germans * Wilhelmine of Bayreuth (1709–1758), German princess (the older sister of Frederick the Great) and composer * Wilhelmina of Prussia, Princess of Orange (1750–1820), German princess * Wilhelmine of Prussia (1774–1837), German princess and later queen of the Netherlands * Princess Wilhelmine of Baden (1788–1836), German Grand Duchess of Hess and the Rhine Places *Wilhelmina Bay, Antarctica *Wilhelmina Mountains, Suriname *Wilhelmina, Missouri, a community in the United States Other uses * 392 Wilhelmina, a large main-belt asteroid * USS ''Wilhelmina'' (ID-2168), a transport for the United States Navy during World War I * Wilhelmina Mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleid Van Poelgeest
Aleid of Poelgeest (Koudekerk aan den Rijn, c. 1370 - The Hague, September 22, 1392) was the mistress of the Count of Holland, Albert I of Bavaria.DVN, een project van Huygens ING en OGC (UU). Bronvermelding: Dimphéna Groffen, Poelgeest, Aleid van, in: Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland. URL: http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Poelgeest, Aleid van 3/01/2014/ref> Life Aleid van Poelgeest was the daughter of the court official Jan van Poelgeest and Aleid van Beest Gerbrandsdr. She is traditionally assumed to have served as a maid-of-honour to the spouse of Albert, Margaret of Brieg, prior to becoming his mistress. She never married. van Poelgeest is noted to have been present at court at least since 1386. In June 1388, Albert gave her an allowance, her own house and maids and installed her as his official mistress. It was noted that she followed him around on his journeys in his domains. She was reputed to have had great influence over Albert, bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoogheemraadschap Van Delfland
The Hoogheemraadschap van Delfland is a Dutch waterboard, which is responsible for water management. It covers the municipalities of Delft, Midden-Delfland and The Hague, and is fully located in the province of South Holland. The organization was established in 1289 when William I, Duke of Bavaria (As William V, Count of Holland) authorized the "Heemraden of Delft" to manage water and serve as a court. Tasks The Hoogheemraadschap is tasked with water quality and water quantity issues in its region. Its main activities are *Maintaining safe dykes and dunes. Management is based on both sea and river based flood control. *Operation of several wastewater treatment plants of which the one in Harnaschpolder is the largest. Organization The organization is led by a general board called "verenigde vergadering", consisting of 30 representatives which are representatives of the inhabitants (21 by direct elections), industry (4), owners of open land (mainly farmers) (4) and owners of natu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert I, Duke Of Bavaria
Albert I, Duke of Lower Bavaria (german: Albrecht; 25 July 1336 – 13 December 1404), was a feudal ruler of the counties of Holland, Hainaut, and Zeeland in the Low Countries. Additionally, he held a portion of the Bavarian province of Straubing, his Bavarian ducal line's appanage and seat, Lower Bavaria. Biography Early years Albert was born in Munich, the third son of Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, by his second wife Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut and Holland. Albert was originally a younger son, apportioned at best an appanage. He was only 10 years old when his father died, leaving most of his Bavarian inheritance to his eldest half-brother, Louis V, Duke of Bavaria, but also some appanages to the younger sons. His elder brother, William V, Count of Holland, had engaged in a long struggle with their mother, obtaining Holland and Zeeland from her in 1354, and Hainaut on her death in 1356. William was supported by the party of burghers of the cities. They were oppos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kasteel Polanen, 1620 (1901–2003), a Dutch journalist, diplomat, and colonial administrator
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Kasteel is the Dutch language word for a castle or château. It can also refer to: * Sparta Stadion Het Kasteel, a football stadium * Joop Kasteel (born 1964), a Dutch mixed martial artist * Piet Kasteel Petrus Albertus "Piet" Kasteel (4 November 1901 – 13 December 2003) was a Dutch journalist, diplomat, and colonial administrator. He was parliamentary editor of ', and fled to England during World War II where he served for the Dutch government- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trebuchet
A trebuchet (french: trébuchet) is a type of catapult that uses a long arm to throw a projectile. It was a common powerful siege engine until the advent of gunpowder. The design of a trebuchet allows it to launch projectiles of greater weights and further distances than that of a traditional catapult. There are two main types of trebuchet. The first is the traction trebuchet, or mangonel, which uses manpower to swing the arm. It first appeared in China in the 4th century BC. Carried westward by the Avars, the technology was adopted by the Byzantines in the late 6th century AD and by their neighbors in the following centuries. The later, and often larger and more powerful, counterweight trebuchet, also known as the counterpoise trebuchet, uses a counterweight to swing the arm. It appeared in both Christian and Muslim lands around the Mediterranean in the 12th century, and was carried back to China by the Mongols in the 13th century. Etymology and terminology It is uncer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Tower
A Roman siege tower or breaching tower (or in the Middle Ages, a belfry''Castle: Stephen Biesty's Cross-Sections''. Dorling Kindersley Pub (T); 1st American edition (September 1994). Siege towers were invented in 300 BC. ) is a specialized siege engine, constructed to protect assailants and ladders while approaching the defensive walls of a fortification. The tower was often rectangular with four wheels with its height roughly equal to that of the wall or sometimes higher to allow archers to stand on top of the tower and shoot arrows into the fortification. Because the towers were wooden and thus flammable, they had to have some non-flammable covering of iron or fresh animal skins. Used since the 11th century BC by the Babylonians and Assyrians in the ancient Near East, the 4th century BC in Europe and also in antiquity in the Far East, siege towers were of unwieldy dimensions and, like trebuchets, were therefore mostly constructed on site of the siege. Taking considerable time t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Mole
The European mole (''Talpa europaea'') is a mammal of the order Eulipotyphla. It is also known as the common mole and the northern mole. This mole lives in a tunnel system, which it constantly extends. It uses these tunnels to hunt its prey. Under normal conditions, the displaced earth is pushed to the surface, resulting in the characteristic molehills. It is an omnivore that feeds mainly on earthworms, but also on insects, centipedes and even mice and shrews. Its saliva contains toxins which paralyze earthworms in particular. Taxonomy The Aquitanian mole (''T. aquitania'') was formerly considered conspecific, but was described as a distinct species in 2017. Distribution The European mole has a wide range throughout Europe and westernmost Asia, being found as far north as the United Kingdom and southern Scandinavia, as far south as northern Greece, and as far east as western Siberia. It is the only mole species in most of this range. The Loire River in France was thought to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
