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Plectreuridae
Plectreuridae, also called plectreurid spiders, is a small spider family confined to the Southwestern United States, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Only two living genera are known—the nominate genus '' Plectreurys'' and '' Kibramoa''. In the past, the family was more widespread, with the Jurassic genus '' Eoplectreurys'' known from China, the Eocene '' Palaeoplectreurys baltica'' from Baltic amber and the Miocene '' Plectreurys pittfieldi'' from Dominican amber. These ecribellate, haplogyne spiders build haphazard webs under rocks and dead cacti. Adult males can be found wandering at night. Relatively little is known of their biology. Unlike the sicariids, scytodids, and diguetids, to which they are most closely related, they have eight eyes. In appearance females of ''Plectreurys'' resemble those of the larger species of the cribellate Filistatidae. They differ in their eye arrangement and in having the femurs on the first pair of legs bowed. Genera , the World Spider Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plectreuridae
Plectreuridae, also called plectreurid spiders, is a small spider family confined to the Southwestern United States, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Only two living genera are known—the nominate genus '' Plectreurys'' and '' Kibramoa''. In the past, the family was more widespread, with the Jurassic genus '' Eoplectreurys'' known from China, the Eocene '' Palaeoplectreurys baltica'' from Baltic amber and the Miocene '' Plectreurys pittfieldi'' from Dominican amber. These ecribellate, haplogyne spiders build haphazard webs under rocks and dead cacti. Adult males can be found wandering at night. Relatively little is known of their biology. Unlike the sicariids, scytodids, and diguetids, to which they are most closely related, they have eight eyes. In appearance females of ''Plectreurys'' resemble those of the larger species of the cribellate Filistatidae. They differ in their eye arrangement and in having the femurs on the first pair of legs bowed. Genera , the World Spider Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Plectreuridae Species
This page lists all described species of the spider family Plectreuridae accepted by the World Spider Catalog : ''Kibramoa'' '' Kibramoa'' Chamberlin, 1924 * '' K. guapa'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA, Mexico * '' K. hermani'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 — USA * '' K. isolata'' Gertsch, 1958 — Mexico * '' K. madrona'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA * '' K. paiuta'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA * '' K. suprenans'' (Chamberlin, 1919) (type) — USA ** ''K. s. pima'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA * '' K. yuma'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA ''†Palaeoplectreurys'' †'' Palaeoplectreurys'' Wunderlich, 2004 * †'' P. baltica'' Wunderlich, 2004 ''Plectreurys'' '' Plectreurys'' Simon, 1893 * '' P. angela'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA * '' P. ardea'' Gertsch, 1958 — Mexico * '' P. arida'' Gertsch, 1958 — Mexico * '' P. bicolor'' Banks, 1898 — Mexico * '' P. castanea'' Simon, 1893 — USA * '' P. ceralbona'' Chamberlin, 1924 — Mexico * '' P. conifera'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA * '' P. deserta'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eoplectreurys
''Eoplectreurys'' is an extinct monotypic genus of spider from the family Plectreuridae, with a sole species, ''Eoplectreurys gertschi''. The fossils of ''Eoplectreurys'' were recovered from the ~164 Ma old Middle Jurassic Daohugou formation tuffs in Inner Mongolia, China. History and classification The type specimens are deposited in the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology with the genus being described from a total of seven adult spiders. ''Eoplectreurys'' was first studied and described by Drs Paul Selden and Diying Huang, who published their type description in the journal ''Naturwissenschaften'' in 2010. The genus name is a combination of the Greek word ''eos'', which means "dawn", and ''Plectreurys'' the name of the modern genus which the fossils closely resemble. ''Eoplectreurys'' is considered the oldest described spider genus of the Haplogynae series, predating the described Haplogynae spiders from Cretaceous ambers in Jordan and Lebanon, and is the oldes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plectreurys Pittfieldi
''Plectreurys'' is a genus of plectreurid spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1893. It is one of only two genera in its family. Species it contains twenty-three species, found in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, the United States, and on the Greater Antilles: *'' Plectreurys angela'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Plectreurys ardea'' Gertsch, 1958 – Mexico *'' Plectreurys arida'' Gertsch, 1958 – Mexico *'' Plectreurys bicolor'' Banks, 1898 – Mexico *'' Plectreurys castanea'' Simon, 1893 – USA *'' Plectreurys ceralbona'' Chamberlin, 1924 – Mexico *'' Plectreurys conifera'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Plectreurys deserta'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Plectreurys globosa'' Franganillo, 1931 – Cuba *'' Plectreurys hatibonico'' Alayón, 2003 – Cuba *'' Plectreurys janzeni'' Alayón & VÃquez, 2011 – Guatemala to Costa Rica *'' Plectreurys misteca'' Gertsch, 1958 – Mexico *'' Plectreurys mojavea'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Plectreurys monterea'' Gertsch, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plectreurys
''Plectreurys'' is a genus of plectreurid spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1893. It is one of only two genera in its family. Species it contains twenty-three species, found in Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico, the United States, and on the Greater Antilles: *'' Plectreurys angela'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Plectreurys ardea'' Gertsch, 1958 – Mexico *'' Plectreurys arida'' Gertsch, 1958 – Mexico *'' Plectreurys bicolor'' Banks, 1898 – Mexico *'' Plectreurys castanea'' Simon, 1893 – USA *'' Plectreurys ceralbona'' Chamberlin, 1924 – Mexico *'' Plectreurys conifera'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Plectreurys deserta'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Plectreurys globosa'' Franganillo, 1931 – Cuba *'' Plectreurys hatibonico'' Alayón, 2003 – Cuba *'' Plectreurys janzeni'' Alayón & VÃquez, 2011 – Guatemala to Costa Rica *'' Plectreurys misteca'' Gertsch, 1958 – Mexico *'' Plectreurys mojavea'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Plectreurys monterea'' Gertsch, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kibramoa
''Kibramoa'' is a genus of North American plectreurid spiders that was first described by Ralph Vary Chamberlin in 1924. Species it contains seven species and one subspecies, found only in Mexico and the United States: *'' Kibramoa guapa'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA, Mexico *'' Kibramoa hermani'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – USA *'' Kibramoa isolata'' Gertsch, 1958 – Mexico *'' Kibramoa madrona'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Kibramoa paiuta'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Kibramoa suprenans'' (Chamberlin, 1919) (type) – USA **'' Kibramoa s. pima'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA *'' Kibramoa yuma'' Gertsch, 1958 – USA See also * List of Plectreuridae species This page lists all described species of the spider family Plectreuridae accepted by the World Spider Catalog : ''Kibramoa'' '' Kibramoa'' Chamberlin, 1924 * '' K. guapa'' Gertsch, 1958 — USA, Mexico * '' K. hermani'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 ... References Araneomorphae genera Fauna of California Fauna of the California chap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Araneomorphae Families
The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha) are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to the Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their close kin), where they point straight down. Araneomorphs comprise the vast majority of living spiders. Distinguishing characteristics Most spider species are Araneomorphae, which have fangs that face towards each other, increasing the orientations they can employ during prey capture. They have fewer book lungs (when present), and the females typically live one year. The Mygalomorphae have fangs that face towards the ground, and which are parallel to the long axis of the spider's body, thus they have only one orientation they can employ during prey capture. They have four pairs of book lungs, and the females often live many years. Image:Atrax robustus.jpg, This ''Atrax robustus'' shows the orientation of Myglamorphae fangs. Image:Che ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spider Families
Spider taxonomy is that part of taxonomy that is concerned with the science of naming, defining and classifying all spiders, members of the Araneae order of the arthropod class Arachnida with more than 48,500 described species. However, there are likely many species that have escaped the human eye to this day, and many specimens stored in collections waiting to be described and classified. It is estimated that only one third to one half of the total number of existing species have been described. Arachnologists currently divide spiders into two suborders with about 129 families. Due to constant research, with new species being discovered every month and others being recognized as synonyms, the number of species in the families is bound to change and only reflects the present state of knowledge. Nevertheless, the species numbers given here are useful as a guideline – see the table of families at the end of the article. History Spider taxonomy can be traced to the work of Swed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinction
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point. Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. More than 99% of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryote globally, and possibly many times more if microorganisms, like bacteria, are included. Notable extinct animal species include non-avian dinosaurs, saber-toothed cats, dodos, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Spider Catalog
The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of individual web pages in 2000, created by Norman I. Platnick of the American Museum of Natural History. After Platnick's retirement in 2014, the Natural History Museum of Bern (Switzerland) took over the catalog, converting it to a relational database. , 50,151 accepted species were listed. The order Araneae Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species dive ... (spiders) has the seventh-most species of all orders. The existence of the World Spider Catalog makes spiders the largest taxon with an online listing that is updated regularly. It ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glossary Of Spider Terms
This glossary describes the terms used in formal descriptions of spiders; where applicable these terms are used in describing other arachnids. Links within the glossary are shown . Terms A Abdomen or opisthosoma: One of the two main body parts ( tagmata), located towards the posterior end; see also Abdomen § Other animals Accessory claw: Modified at the tip of the in web-building spiders; used with to grip strands of the web Anal tubercle: A small protuberance (tubercule) above the through which the anus opens Apodeme → Apophysis (plural apophyses): An outgrowth or process changing the general shape of a body part, particularly the appendages; often used in describing the male → Atrium (plural atria): An internal chamber at the entrance to the in female haplogyne spiders B Bidentate: Having two Book lungs: Respiratory organs on the ventral side (underside) of the , in front of the , opening through narrow slits; see also Book lungs Branchial operculum â ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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