|
Platinum In South Africa
Platinum and platinum group metals are produced in Zimbabwe and South Africa. Of the multitudes of companies involved in producing platinum group metals in these two countries, these are the principal operators: South Africa World's leading platinum producer. *Anglo Platinum – Anglo American plc *Impala Platinum – Implats *Lonplats *Aquarius Platinum *African Rainbow Minerals Zimbabwe *Zimbabwe Platinum – Zimplats *Impala Platinum * Anglo American Platinum Company Platinum group elements There are 6 platinum group elements: * Iridium *Osmium Osmium (from Greek grc, ὀσμή, osme, smell, label=none) is a chemical element with the symbol Os and atomic number 76. It is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group that is found as a trace element in alloys, mos ... * Palladium * Platinum * Rhodium * Ruthenium See also * Aluminium in Africa * Copper in Africa * Iron ore in Africa * Mining * Platinum group * Platinum group: sour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platinum
Platinum is a chemical element with the symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name originates from Spanish , a diminutive of "silver". Platinum is a member of the platinum group of elements and group 10 of the periodic table of elements. It has six naturally occurring isotopes. It is one of the rarer elements in Earth's crust, with an average abundance of approximately 5 μg/kg. It occurs in some nickel and copper ores along with some native deposits, mostly in South Africa, which accounts for ~80% of the world production. Because of its scarcity in Earth's crust, only a few hundred tonnes are produced annually, and given its important uses, it is highly valuable and is a major precious metal commodity. Platinum is one of the least reactive metals. It has remarkable resistance to corrosion, even at high temperatures, and is therefore considered a noble metal. Consequent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhodium
Rhodium is a chemical element with the symbol Rh and atomic number 45. It is a very rare, silvery-white, hard, corrosion-resistant transition metal. It is a noble metal and a member of the platinum group. It has only one naturally occurring isotope: 103Rh. Naturally occurring rhodium is usually found as a free metal or as an alloy with similar metals and rarely as a chemical compound in minerals such as bowieite and rhodplumsite. It is one of the rarest and most valuable precious metals. Rhodium is found in platinum or nickel ores with the other members of the platinum group metals. It was discovered in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston in one such ore, and named for the rose color of one of its chlorine compounds. The element's major use (consuming about 80% of world rhodium production) is as one of the catalysts in the three-way catalytic converters in automobiles. Because rhodium metal is inert against corrosion and most aggressive chemicals, and because of its rarity, rhodium ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mining In South Africa
Mining in South Africa was once the main driving force behind the history and development of Africa's most advanced and richest economy. Large-scale and profitable mining started with the discovery of a diamond on the banks of the Orange River in 1867 by Erasmus Jacobs and the subsequent discovery and exploitation of the Kimberley pipes a few years later. Gold rushes to Pilgrim's Rest and Barberton were precursors to the biggest discovery of all, the Main Reef/Main Reef Leader on Gerhardus Oosthuizen's farm Langlaagte, Portion C, in 1886, the Witwatersrand Gold Rush and the subsequent rapid development of the gold field there, the biggest of them all. Diamond and gold production are now well down from their peaks, though South Africa is still number 5 in gold but remains a cornucopia of mineral riches. It is the world's largest producer of chrome, manganese, platinum, vanadium and vermiculite. It is the second largest producer of ilmenite, palladium, rutile and zirconium. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uranium In Africa
Uranium production is an important part of the African economy, with Niger, Namibia and South Africa creating up to 18% of the world's annual production. Many African countries produce uranium or have untapped uranium ore deposits. List Algeria * Tamanrasset Angola *Cabinda Province Botswana * Mokobaesi - Letlhakane Project - A-Cap Resources Democratic Republic of the Congo * Shinkolobwe - mine closed 2004 Gabon Several closed uranium mines exist in Gabon. * Franceville - Mounana - closed * Franceville - Oklo - closed Namibia * Rössing Namib Desert 65 km from Swakopmund - Rio Tinto * Langer Heinrich Namib Desert 80 km from Swakopmund - Paladin Energy * Trekkopje - Areva SA Niger *''see'' Valerie Plame affair * Areva NC currently operates two large mines in the Aïr Mountains of Agadez Region. ** Arlit, Areva NC ** Iferouane, Areva NC * Imouraren - Areva SA * Niger-Uranium ltd Nigeria * Mining in Nigeria#Uranium South Africa * Nuf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titanium In Africa
Titanium mining in Africa has been beset by environmental problems due to the polluting nature of processing rutile, a principal titanium ore. Titanium production in Africa includes the following principal countries and companies. Kenya * Base Titanium ''of Australia'' * Tiomin Resources ''of Canada'' ** Tiomin Kenya **''Location:'' Eldoret; Kwale Mozambique *Kenmare Resources ''of Ireland'' ** Kenmare Moma Mining ** Kenmare Moma Processing ** Moma Mineral Sands Project **''Location'' Nampula Province **Involves investment from African Development Bank (ADB); European Investment Bank (BEI), the Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA); and the German Development Bank (KfW). **Principally mining Ilmenite Sierra Leone * Sierra Rutile ''of Ohio; since 1967'' **''Location:'' Bonthe/ Port Loko District; Tonkoli District **Branch Energy ''UK'' **Diamond Works ** Executive Outcomes ''RSA'' ** Sandline International * Sierra Leone Ore and Metal Company ''since 1963'' * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sources
Source may refer to: Research * Historical document * Historical source * Source (intelligence) or sub source, typically a confidential provider of non open-source intelligence * Source (journalism), a person, publication, publishing institute or other record or document that gives information * Source document, a document in which data collected for a clinical trial is first recorded * Source text, in research (especially in the humanities), a source of information referred to by citation ** Primary source, a first-hand written evidence of history made at the time of the event by someone who was present ** Secondary source, a written account of history based upon the evidence from primary sources ** Tertiary source, a compilation based upon primary and secondary sources * Sources (website), a directory of expert contacts and media spokespersons * Open source, a philosophy of dissemination of intellectual products Law * Sources of international law, the materials and pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Platinum Group
The platinum-group metals (abbreviated as the PGMs; alternatively, the platinoids, platinides, platidises, platinum group, platinum metals, platinum family or platinum-group elements (PGEs)) are six noble, precious metallic elements clustered together in the periodic table. These elements are all transition metals in the d-block (groups 8, 9, and 10, periods 5 and 6). The six platinum-group metals are ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum. They have similar physical and chemical properties, and tend to occur together in the same mineral deposits. However, they can be further subdivided into the iridium-group platinum-group elements (IPGEs: Os, Ir, Ru) and the palladium-group platinum-group elements (PPGEs: Rh, Pt, Pd) based on their behaviour in geological systems. The three elements above the platinum group in the periodic table (iron, nickel and cobalt) are all ferromagnetic; these, including the lanthanide element gadolinium, are the only known tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the economic viability of investing in the equipment, labor, and energy required to extract, refine and transport the materials found at the mine to manufacturers who can use the material. Ores recovered by mining include metals, coal, oil shale, gemstones, limestone, chalk, dimension stone, rock salt, potash, gravel, and clay. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or feasibly created artificially in a laboratory or factory. Mining in a wider sense includes extraction of any non-renewable resource such as petroleum, natural gas, or even water. Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iron Ore In Africa
Iron ore production in Africa is dominated by South Africa, Mauritania and Algeria. Many countries possess iron ore deposits that are as yet untapped/unmined. Countries and companies currently involved in production are listed here; measurements are in tonnes per annum(year). Deposits Algeria Deposits and production in Algeria include: * 2.3 mm TPA * Entreprise Nationale du Fer et du Phosphate * Mahavir Shree International * Société de l'Ouenza * Boukhadra Angola Deposits and production in Angola include: * ''deposits in Kassala-Kitungo, Cassinga, Chamuatete'' * Malanje, Bié, Huambo, and Huíla provinces. See Mining in Angola Cameroon Deposits and production in Cameroon include: * Lolabé – Mbalam – iron ore port * Nkout [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copper In Africa
Copper is one of the world's most important industrial minerals, and Africa is an important world producer. While output is traditionally dominated by Zambia, South Africa and Katanga Province in the south of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, many African nations contribute to copper production, and many African nations have undeveloped ore resources. Cobalt, another important industrial metal, is often mined in conjunction with copper. Botswana * Dukwi, African Copper's mine * Ghanzi, Hana Mining; also silver. Democratic Republic of the Congo *Katanga Province Namibia *Weatherly (formerly Ongopolo Mining and Processing) – Matchless Mine Western Extension and Otjihase Mine near Windhoek South Africa * Palabora Mining Company * Rio Tinto Uganda * Kasese - Kilembe Mines * Jinja – Kilembe smelting operations currently reopening under A-Tec Mining after 1975 nationalization Zambia * The Copperbelt * Copperbelt Province * Lumwana – Equino ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aluminium In Africa
Aluminium in Africa originates from bauxite, and within Africa is primarily found in Guinea, Mozambique and Ghana. Guinea is by far the biggest producer in Africa, and is a world leader in bauxite production. There are many companies involved in the aluminium trade in Africa. Principal mine and smelter operators include: Cameroon * Ngaoundéré - railhead * Minim, Martap - Canyon Resources Ghana * Ghana Bauxite, affiliated with Alcan * Volta Aluminum Company (Valco) Guinea * Rio Tinto Alcan * Compagnie des Bauxites de Guinée (CBG) - in the Boké Region - Guinea's largest producer, affiliated with Halco Mining, which is affiliated with Alcan, Alcoa, Reynolds Metals, Pechiney, Comalco, etc. * Alumina Company of Guinea, ACG - operating the Friguia bauxite-alumina complex at Friahttp://railwaysafrica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3381&Itemid=35 * Societé des Bauxites de Kindia SBK - state-owned, operates the Kindia mining operations; o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruthenium
Ruthenium is a chemical element with the Symbol (chemistry), symbol Ru and atomic number 44. It is a rare transition metal belonging to the platinum group of the periodic table. Like the other metals of the platinum group, ruthenium is inert to most other chemicals. Russian-born scientist of Baltic-German ancestry Karl Ernst Claus discovered the element in 1844 at Kazan State University and named ruthenium in honor of Russian Empire, Russia. Ruthenium is usually found as a minor component of platinum ores; the annual production has risen from about 19 tonnes in 2009Summary. Ruthenium platinum.matthey.com, p. 9 (2009) to some 35.5 tonnes in 2017. Most ruthenium produced is used in wear-resistant electrical contacts and thick-film resistors. A minor application for ruthenium is in platinu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
