|
Plagiaulacida
Plagiaulacida is a group of extinct multituberculate mammals. Multituberculates were among the most common mammals of the Mesozoic, "the age of the dinosaurs". Plagiaulacids are a paraphyletic grouping, containing all multituberculates that lie outside of the advanced group Cimolodonta. They ranged from the Middle Jurassic Period to the early Late Cretaceous of the northern hemisphere. During the Cenomanian, they were replaced by the more advanced cimolodontans. Kielan-Jaworowska and Hurum (2001) divides “Plagiaulacida” into three informal lineages, the paulchoffatiids, the plagiaulicids, and the allodontids. Allodontid line The Allodontid line may be a superfamily, Allodontoidea. Both allodontids and paulchoffatiids (below) were among the most basal of the plagiaulacids. The Allodontid line contains: The family Allodontidae is known from two genera from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of North America. The family Zofiabaataridae contains a single genus, '' Zofia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Multituberculata
Multituberculata (commonly known as multituberculates, named for the multiple tubercles of their teeth) is an extinct order of rodent-like mammals with a fossil record spanning over 130 million years. They first appeared in the Middle Jurassic, and reached a peak diversity during the Late Cretaceous and Paleocene. They eventually declined from the mid Paleocene onwards, disappearing from the known fossil record in the late Eocene. They are the most diverse order of Mesozoic mammals with more than 200 species known, ranging from mouse-sized to beaver-sized. These species occupied a diversity of ecological niches, ranging from burrow-dwelling to squirrel-like arborealism to jerboa-like hoppers. Multituberculates are usually placed as crown mammals outside either of the two main groups of living mammals—Theria, including placentals and marsupials, and MonotremataAgustí-Antón 2002, pp 3-4—but usually as closer to Theria than to monotremes. They are considered to be clo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plagiaulacidae
Plagiaulacidae is a family of fossil mammals within the order Multituberculata. Remains are known from the Upper Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous of North America and Europe. They were among the more derived representatives of the informal suborder of "Plagiaulacida Plagiaulacida is a group of extinct multituberculate mammals. Multituberculates were among the most common mammals of the Mesozoic, "the age of the dinosaurs". Plagiaulacids are a paraphyletic grouping, containing all multituberculates that lie ...". The taxon Plagiaulacidae was named by Gill T.N. in 1872. It is also known as Bolodontidae, a name developed by Osborn H.F. in 1887. References * Gill (1872), "Arrangement of the families of mammals". With analytical tables. ''Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections'' 230, p. 1-98. * Osborn (1887), "On the structure and classification of the British Mesozoic Mammalia". ''Proc. of the Nat. Academy of Sciences'' 39, p. 282-292. * Kielan-Jaworowska Z. and Hur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paulchoffatiidae
Paulchoffatiidae is a family of extinct mammals that lived predominantly during the Upper Jurassic period, though a couple of Genus, genera are known from the Early Cretaceous. Fossils have been reported from Europe (Portugal, Spain, Germany and England) . Paulchoffatiids were members of the order Multituberculata. They were relatively early representatives and are within the informal suborder of "Plagiaulacida". The family was named by G. Hahn in 1969, and it honors the Portuguese geologist Paul Choffat, Léon Paul Choffat. Two subfamilies are recognized. The most productive fossil site for Paulchoffatiids has been Guimarota, Portugal. Remains from this locality are generally diagnosed on the basis of lower or upper jaws. In only one instance, that of ''Kuehneodon'', has it been possible to match the two up. Some of the lower jaws probably represent the same animals as some of the upper, so the diversity of Paulchoffatiids is very possibly exaggerated. As the site is now a floode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolodon
''Bolodon'' ("lump tooth" from Ancient Greek βῶλος (bôlos), “clod, lump” + ὀδών (odṓn), "tooth") is a genus of extinct mammal from the Lower Cretaceous of Europe and North America. It was a member of the extinct order of Multituberculata and belongs to the suborder Plagiaulacida and family Plagiaulacidae. Type species The type species, ''Bolodon crassidens'', is known from fossils of the Lower Cretaceous of England from the Lulworth Formation in Durlston Bay, Dorset. The species ''Bolodon elongatus'' is possibly not referable to this genus: "?new genus to be erected for ''Bolodon elongatus''," (Kielan-Jaworowska & Hurum, 2001, p. 414). Fossils of the species ''Bolodon minor'' (type species of the ''Plioprion'') have been found in the Lower Cretaceous of Durlston Bay, Dorset. ''Plioprion'' (Cope, 1884) is probably synonymous with ''Bolodon''. The species ''Bolodon osborni'' was named by Simpson G.G. in 1928. Fossils have been found in the Berriasian (Lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glirodon
''Glirodon'' is a genus of extinct mammal from the Upper Jurassic. It was a relatively early member of the also-extinct order of Multituberculata, suborder "Plagiaulacida". These mammals lived in North America during the Mesozoic, also known as the "age of the dinosaurs". The genus ''Glirodon'' has been described by Engelmann G.F. and Callison G. (1999) from a 'gliriform tooth'. The species ''Glirodon grandis'', also described by Engelmann and Callison, has been found in the Upper Jurassic formations of Dinosaur National Monument in Utah (United States). Other than being a large, early American Multituberculate, (see Multituberculata), the nature of this beast is somewhat unclear. It is an "allodontid (two families and the genus ''Glirodon'')", (Kielan-Jaworowska and Hurum, 2001). It had gliriform incisors; incisors with the "enamel reduced to a stripe on the front side." Apparently, this condition evolved several times among Multituberculates. It is based on a portion of sn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albionbaataridae
Albionbaataridae is a family of small, extinct mammals within the order Multituberculata. Fossil remains are known from the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous of Europe and Asia. These herbivores lived their obscure lives during the Mesozoic, also known as the "age of the dinosaurs." They were among the more derived representatives of the informal suborder "Plagiaulacida Plagiaulacida is a group of extinct multituberculate mammals. Multituberculates were among the most common mammals of the Mesozoic, "the age of the dinosaurs". Plagiaulacids are a paraphyletic grouping, containing all multituberculates that lie o ...". The taxon Albionbaataridae was named by Kielan-Jaworowska Z. and Ensom P.C. in 1994. Members of Albionbaataridae were "Shrew-sized taxa that differ from all other multituberculates in having relatively flat, multi-cusped anterior upper premolars, with 10-14 cusps arranged in three rows, rather than 3-4, rarely up to nine high cusps in two rows, and in having lin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eobaataridae
Eobaataridae is a family of fossil mammals within the order Multituberculata. Remains are known from the Lower Cretaceous of Europe and Asia. They are among the most derived representatives of the informal suborder "Plagiaulacida", and closely related to Cimolodonta. Most eobaatarids are only known from isolated teeth, though several reasonably complete members are known, including '' Sinobaatar'' and ''Jeholbaatar''. The body of ''Sinobaatar'' is generalised, while ''Jeholbaatar'' displays clear adaptations for scansoriality (climbing) due to its elongated digits. Due to the morphology of the cheek teeth, ''Eobaatar'' and ''Jeholbaatar'' are inferred to be omnivorous, likely feeding on plants and invertebrates. ''Indobaatar'' from the Early Jurassic Kota Formation has been suggested to be the earliest known multituberculate, let alone the earliest eobaatarid, and may stretch the eobaatarid-cimolodontan group much earlier than previously thought. However its referral to the family ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morrisonodon
''Morrisonodon brentbaatar'' is an extinct multituberculate mammal from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of North America. ''M. brentbaatar'' was described by Robert T. Bakker in 1998, who originally placed it in the genus ''Ctenacodon''. The fossil remains consist of a jaw fragment containing two upper premolars and the sockets corresponding to two molars. The remains were found in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation in Wyoming. The species name honours the Wyoming paleontologist Brent Breithaupt, while "Baatar" is a Mongolian for "hero". Bakker assigned his specimens to ''Ctenacodon'' with hesitation, noting additional specimens may require a new classification. In a 2001 review of multituberculates, Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska and Jørn Hurum did not recognize Bakker's specimen as related to other ''Ctenacodon'' species or even belonging to the family Allodontidae, speculating the species might instead belong to the family Plagiaulacidae Plagiaulacidae is a family o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plagiaulax
''Plagiaulax'' is a genus of mammal from the Lower Cretaceous of Europe. It was a member of the also extinct order Multituberculata, and shared the world with dinosaurs. It is of the suborder "Plagiaulacida" and family Plagiaulacidae. The genus was named by Hugh Falconer in 1857, and was the first described multituberculate species. Fossil remains of the species ''Plagiaulax becklesii'' are known from the Lulworth Formation of Durlston Bay in Dorset Dorset ( ; archaically: Dorsetshire , ) is a county in South West England on the English Channel coast. The ceremonial county comprises the unitary authority areas of Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole and Dorset. Covering an area of , ..., England. They include at least one partial lower jaw with teeth, though there may well be further specimens. Some material has been reported from Galve, Spain. Another possible species, ''P. dawsoni'', was provisionally named by Woodward in 1891. This came from the county of Susse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paulchoffatia
''Paulchoffatia'' is a genus of extinct mammal of the Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretaceous. It was a relatively early member of the also extinct order Multituberculata, within the suborder "Plagiaulacida" and family Paulchoffatiidae. It lived in Europe during the "age of the dinosaurs." The genus ''Paulchoffatia'' ("for Paul Choffat") was named by Kühne W.G. in 1961 based on a single species. It is also known as ''Paulchoffia''. ''Paulchoffatia'' is characterized by a massive Corpus mandibulae (the part of the jaw below the tooth row), a rounded lower margin of the jaw and a massive, only slightly curved and steeply inclined incisor with a short root", (Hahn & Hahn 2000, p. 105). The name honours the geologist Paul Choffat (1849–1919). Remains of the species ''Paulchoffatia delgadoi'' were found in the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic)-age strata of Guimarota, Portugal. The skull probably had a length of 2.5 cm. This taxon is based on five lower jaw fossils. Further m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinobaatar
''Sinobaatar'' is a genus of extinct mammal from the Lower Cretaceous of China. It is categorized within the also extinct order Multituberculata and among these it belongs to the plagiaulacid lineage (a possible infraorder). ''Sinobaatar'' was a small herbivore during the Mesozoic era, commonly called "the age of the dinosaurs". The genus was named by Hu Y. and Wang Y. in 2002. Three species have been described. It has been found in Lower Cretaceous strata of the Yixian Formation in Liaoning, China. According to Hu & Wang (2002), " e dental features of ''Sinobaatar'' show again that eobaatarids are obviously intermediate between Late Jurassic multituberculates and the later forms". Many Multituberculata are only known from teeth, but the type specimen of ''Sinobaatar'' is a reasonably complete skeleton. ''Sinobaatar'' was eaten, at least on occasion, by the feathered dinosaur ''Sinosauropteryx prima'' (Hurum ''et al.'' 2006). Etymology The name ''Sinobaatar'' is a Latin and M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rugosodon
''Rugosodon'' is an extinct genus of multituberculate (rodent-like) mammals from eastern China that lived 160 million years ago during the Jurassic period. The discovery of its type species and currently only known species ''Rugosodon eurasiaticus'' was reported in the 16 August 2013 issue of ''Science''. Description ''Rugosodon'' is represented by a nearly complete fossilized skeleton, including a skull, that bears a strong resemblance to a small rat or a chipmunk. The mammal is estimated to have weighed between 65 and 80 g, about that of an average chipmunk. The generic name ''Rugosodon'' (Latin for "wrinkly tooth") refers to the rugosity, or wrinkliness, of the distinctively shaped teeth. Its teeth indicate that the animal was an omnivore, well-adapted to gnawing both plants and animals, including fruits and seeds, worms, insects and small vertebrates. Its ankle joints were highly mobile at rotation. This means that the ankle is remarkably flexible, allowing the foot to hyper- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
