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Pine Islands
The Pityusic Islands, often referenced simply as the Pityuses ( ca, Pitiüses , es, Pitiusas; from the Greek language, Greek πιτύα ''pitýa'', pine tree), or commonly but informally (and ambiguously) as the Pine Islands, is the name given collectively to the Balearic Islands of Ibiza (Catalan: ''Eivissa''), Formentera, S'Espalmador and other small islets in the Mediterranean Sea. Geography The islands are situated approximately southwest of the island of Majorca, and approximately east of the Cap de la Nau in the Iberian Peninsula. History The first known name of the islands was the Ancient Greek geonym Πιτυοῦσσαι ''Pityûssai'' ("covered in pine trees").Numerous places were given names like ''Pityûssai'', ''Pityussa'', ''Pityusa'', or similar names by the Ancient Greekespecially in Anatolia and Greece: the pre-Hellenic name of Miletus of the Leleges was also ''Pityussa'' (Strabo, 14.1.3); Spetses' ancient name was Pityoussa; during the Roman Civil Wars Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The Sea has played a central role in the history of Western civilization. Geological evidence indicates that around 5.9 million years ago, the Mediterranean was cut off from the Atlantic and was partly or completely desiccated over a period of some 600,000 years during the Messinian salinity crisis before being refilled by the Zanclean flood about 5.3 million years ago. The Mediterranean Sea covers an area of about , representing 0.7% of the global ocean surface, but its connection to the Atlantic via the Strait of Gibraltar—the narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates the Iberian Peninsula in Europe from Morocco in Africa—is only wide. The Mediterranean Sea e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leleges
The Leleges (; grc-gre, Λέλεγες) were an aboriginal people of the Aegean region, before the Greeks arrived. They were distinct from another pre-Hellenic people of the region, the Pelasgians. The exact areas to which they were native are uncertain, since they were apparently pre-literate and the only references to them are in ancient Greek sources. These references are casual and (it is alleged) sometimes fictitious. Likewise, little is known about the language of the ''Leleges''. Many Greek authors link the Leleges to the Carians of south-west Anatolia. Homer names the Leleges among the Trojan allies alongside the Carians, Pelasgians, Paeonians and Gaucones. Etymology It is thought that the name ''Leleges'' is an exonym, in a long-extinct language, rather than an endonym (or autonym). That is, during the Bronze Age the word ''lulahi'' apparently meaning "strangers" was used in the Luwian language and in other Anatolian languages. For example, in a Hittite cuneiform insc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autonomous Community
eu, autonomia erkidegoa ca, comunitat autònoma gl, comunidade autónoma oc, comunautat autonòma an, comunidat autonoma ast, comunidá autónoma , alt_name = , map = , category = Autonomous administrative division , territory = , upper_unit = , start_date = 1979–1983 , legislation_begin = Spanish Constitution of 1978 , legislation_end = , end_date = , current_number = 17 autonomous communities 2 autonomous cities , number_date = , type = , status = , exofficio = , population_range = Autonomous communities:319,914 (La Rioja) – 8,464,411 (Andalusia)Autonomous cities:84,202 (Ceuta) – 87,076 (Melilla) , area_range = Autonomous communities:4,992 km2 ( Balearic Islands) – 94,223 km2 (Castile and León)Autonomous cities:12.3 km2 (Melilla) – 18.5 km2 (Ceuta) , government = Autonomous government , subdivision = Provinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnesian Islands
The Gymnesians ( ca, Illes Gimnèsies , es, Gimnesias ), or Gymnesic Islands ( ca, Illes Gimnèsiques), is a collective name given to the two largest (and easternmost) Balearic Islands, Mallorca and Menorca, distinguishing them from the Pityuses ( ca, Illes Pitiüses; es, Pitiusas), or Pine Islands, Ibiza and Formentera. Etymology The word ''Gymnesian'' (from the gr, γυμνήτες ') means "naked". The Greeks called the islands Gymnesiae ( grc, Γυμνήσιαι). According to Diodorus Siculus the Greeks called the islands like this because the inhabitants were naked during the summer time. The Ancient Greeks recruited the local inhabitants of these islands, the Talaiotics, as slingers. According to some researchers, this does not mean that they fought naked, but that they used much lighter armament than the hoplites. Name usage Later the Phoenicians referred to both Mallorca and Menorca as the ''Baliarides''. After the whole archipelago (the ''Pityuses'' and ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menorca
Menorca or Minorca (from la, Insula Minor, , smaller island, later ''Minorica'') is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain. Its name derives from its size, contrasting it with nearby Majorca. Its capital is Mahón ( ca, Maó), situated on the island's eastern end, although Menorca is not a province and forms a political union with the other islands in the archipelago. Ciutadella and Mahon are the main ports and largest towns. The port of Mahon is the second biggest natural port in the world. Menorca has a population of approximately 93,397 (at 1 January 2019). It is located 39°47' to 40°00'N, 3°52' to 4°24'E. Its highest point, called El Toro (from Catalan "''turó''" meaning ''hill''), is above sea level. History The island is known for its collection of megalithic stone monuments: ''navetes'', ''taules'' and ''talaiots'', which indicate very early prehistoric human activity. Some of the earliest culture on Menorca was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mallorca
Mallorca, or Majorca, is the largest island in the Balearic Islands, which are part of Spain and located in the Mediterranean. The capital of the island, Palma, is also the capital of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. The Balearic Islands have been an autonomous region of Spain since 1983. There are two small islands off the coast of Mallorca: Cabrera (southeast of Palma) and Dragonera (west of Palma). The anthem of Mallorca is " La Balanguera". Like the other Balearic Islands of Menorca, Ibiza, and Formentera, the island is an extremely popular holiday destination, particularly for tourists from the Netherlands, Germany and the United Kingdom. The international airport, Palma de Mallorca Airport, is one of the busiest in Spain; it was used by 28 million passengers in 2017, with use increasing every year since 2012. Etymology The name derives from Classical Latin ''insula maior'', "larger island". Later, in Medieval Latin, this became ''Maiorca'', "the larg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibiza (town)
Ibiza (; officially in Catalan: Eivissa ) is a city and municipality located on the southeast coast of the island of Ibiza in the Balearic Islands autonomous community. Overview Although called Ibiza in English and Spanish, the official name is the Catalan ''Eivissa'' (as restored in 1986) and its inhabitants call it the ''Vila d'Eivissa'' or simply ''Vila'' ("Town"). It is divided into two main parts: the old town, called the ''Dalt Vila'' (literally "Upper Town"), located on a little mountain by the sea, and the modern part, called the ''Eixample'' ("extension"). The city, which has a population of 49,727 (2018), is the capital and most populous settlement of the island and of the Pine Islands group, which includes Ibiza and Formentera. Tourism Nightlife Ibiza is widely known and visited for its exciting nightlife. Some of the island's most notable nightclubs include Pacha, Amnesia, Space, and Ushuaïa. These four nightclubs are regularly in the top three of DJ Magaz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claudius Ptolemy
Claudius Ptolemy (; grc-gre, Πτολεμαῖος, ; la, Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was a mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist, who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were of importance to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science. The first is the astronomical treatise now known as the '' Almagest'', although it was originally entitled the ''Mathēmatikē Syntaxis'' or ''Mathematical Treatise'', and later known as ''The Greatest Treatise''. The second is the ''Geography'', which is a thorough discussion on maps and the geographic knowledge of the Greco-Roman world. The third is the astrological treatise in which he attempted to adapt horoscopic astrology to the Aristotelian natural philosophy of his day. This is sometimes known as the ''Apotelesmatika'' (lit. "On the Effects") but more commonly known as the '' Tetrábiblos'', from the Koine Greek meaning "Four Books", or by its Latin equivalent ''Quadripart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caius Annius Luscus
Caius is a masculine given name and a surname. It is also an alternate spelling of the Latin prenom Gaius (and verso). G and C are not exclusive in Latin and the correct pronunciation is debatable. It is most commonly pronounced by native English speakers. Caius may refer to: People Given name Ancient world * Pope Caius (died 296), Bishop of Rome and martyr * Caius (bishop of Milan), bishop of Milan in the early 3rd-century, saint * Caius (presbyter), early 3rd century Christian writer * Caius Largennius (died c. 50), Roman legionary Modern era * Caius of Korea (1571–1624), Catholic missionary, one of the Martyrs of Japan * Caius Brediceanu (1879–1953), Romanian politician and diplomat * Caius Gabriel Cibber (1630–1700), Danish sculptor * Caius Iacob (1912–1992), Romanian mathematician and politician * Caius Lungu (born 1989), Romanian footballer * Caius Novac (1821–?), Romanian footballer * Caius Welcker (1885–1939), Dutch footballer Surname * John Caius the El ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quintus Sertorius
Quintus Sertorius (c. 126 – 73 BC) was a Roman general and statesman who led a large-scale rebellion against the Roman Senate on the Iberian peninsula. He had been a prominent member of the populist faction of Cinna and Marius. During the later years of the civil war of 83–81 BC, he was sent to recover the Iberian Peninsula. When his faction lost the war he was proscribed (outlawed) by the dictator Sulla. Supported by a majority of the native Iberian tribes, Sertorius skillfully used irregular warfare to repeatedly defeat various commanders sent by Rome to subdue him. He was never decisively beaten on the battlefield and remained a thorn in the Senate's side until his murder in 73 BC. The famous Greek biographer Plutarch dedicated one of his Parallel Lives to Sertorius; in it he pairs Sertorius with Eumenes. Like Eumenes, Sertorius was betrayed by his own men. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cilician Pirates
Cilician pirates dominated the Mediterranean Sea from the 2nd century BC until their suppression by Pompey in 67–66 BC. Because there were notorious pirate strongholds in Cilicia, on the southern coast of Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey), the term "Cilician" was long used to generically refer to any pirates in the Mediterranean. Rise of piracy With the destruction of Carthage, the demise of the Seleucid Empire, and Ptolemaic Egypt on the wane, there was no strong naval power left in the Mediterranean. Rome was the only major Mediterranean power left, but, being land-based, it had a reduced navy at that time and relied on hiring ships as needed. Rome protected the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic seas, on account of their proximity, with expeditions sent against the pirate bases on the Ligurian and Illyrian coast. As a result, the pirates became consolidated and organized. The smaller communities of the Greek and African waters were left to make their own arrangements. Communities una ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mauretania
Mauretania (; ) is the Latin name for a region in the ancient Maghreb. It stretched from central present-day Algeria westwards to the Atlantic, covering northern present-day Morocco, and southward to the Atlas Mountains. Its native inhabitants, seminomadic pastoralists of Berber ancestry, were known to the Romans as the Mauri and the Masaesyli. In 25 BC, the kings of Mauretania became Roman vassals until about 44 AD, when the area was annexed to Rome and divided into two provinces: Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis. Christianity spread there from the 3rd century onwards. After the Muslim Arabs subdued the region in the 7th century, Islam became the dominant religion. Moorish kingdom Mauretania existed as a tribal kingdom of the Berber Mauri people. In the early 1st century Strabo recorded ''Maûroi'' (Μαῦροι in greek) as the native name of a people opposite the Iberian Peninsula. This appellation was adopted into Latin, whereas the Greek name for t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
