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Physalin
Physalins are steroidal constituents of '' Physalis'' plants which possess an unusual 13,14-seco-16,24-cyclo-steroidal ring skeleton (where the bond that is normally present between the 13 and 14 positions in other steroids is broken while a new bond between positions 16 and 24 is formed; see figure below). Since the isolation and the structure determination of Physalin A and Physalin B in 1969, more than a dozen Physalins were isolated from ''Physalis'' species, '' Physalis alkekengi'', '' Physalis angulata'', and ''Physalis lancifolia ''Physalis'' (, , , , from φυσαλλίς ''phusallís'' "bladder") is a genus of approximately 75 to 90 flowering plants in the nightshade family ( Solanaceae), which are native to the Americas and Australasia. At least 46 species are endem ...''. These compounds have antimicrobial, and antiparasitic effects. References {{Reflist, 2 Steroids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalin A
Physalins are steroidal constituents of '' Physalis'' plants which possess an unusual 13,14-seco-16,24-cyclo-steroidal ring skeleton (where the bond that is normally present between the 13 and 14 positions in other steroids is broken while a new bond between positions 16 and 24 is formed; see figure below). Since the isolation and the structure determination of Physalin A and Physalin B in 1969, more than a dozen Physalins were isolated from ''Physalis'' species, '' Physalis alkekengi'', '' Physalis angulata'', and '' Physalis lancifolia''. These compounds have antimicrobial, and antiparasitic effects. References {{Reflist, 2 Steroids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalin B
Physalins are steroidal constituents of '' Physalis'' plants which possess an unusual 13,14-seco-16,24-cyclo-steroidal ring skeleton (where the bond that is normally present between the 13 and 14 positions in other steroids is broken while a new bond between positions 16 and 24 is formed; see figure below). Since the isolation and the structure determination of Physalin A Physalins are steroidal constituents of '' Physalis'' plants which possess an unusual 13,14-seco-16,24-cyclo-steroidal ring skeleton (where the bond that is normally present between the 13 and 14 positions in other steroids is broken while a new b ... and Physalin B in 1969, more than a dozen Physalins were isolated from ''Physalis'' species, '' Physalis alkekengi'', '' Physalis angulata'', and '' Physalis lancifolia''. These compounds have antimicrobial, and antiparasitic effects. References {{Reflist, 2 Steroids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalin AB
Physalins are steroidal constituents of '' Physalis'' plants which possess an unusual 13,14-seco-16,24-cyclo-steroidal ring skeleton (where the bond that is normally present between the 13 and 14 positions in other steroids is broken while a new bond between positions 16 and 24 is formed; see figure below). Since the isolation and the structure determination of Physalin A Physalins are steroidal constituents of '' Physalis'' plants which possess an unusual 13,14-seco-16,24-cyclo-steroidal ring skeleton (where the bond that is normally present between the 13 and 14 positions in other steroids is broken while a new b ... and Physalin B in 1969, more than a dozen Physalins were isolated from ''Physalis'' species, '' Physalis alkekengi'', '' Physalis angulata'', and '' Physalis lancifolia''. These compounds have antimicrobial, and antiparasitic effects. References {{Reflist, 2 Steroids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalis
''Physalis'' (, , , , from φυσαλλίς ''phusallís'' "bladder") is a genus of approximately 75 to 90 flowering plants in the Solanum, nightshade family (biology), family (Solanaceae), which are native to the Americas and Australasia. At least 46 species are endemism, endemic to Mexico. Cultivated and weedy species have been introduced worldwide. A defining feature of ''Physalis'' is a large, papery husk derived from the sepal, calyx, which partly or fully encloses the fruit. Many species bear edible fruit, and some species are cultivated. The typical ''Physalis'' fruit is similar to a firm tomato in texture, and like strawberry, strawberries or pineapple in flavor, with a mild acidity. Some species, such as the Physalis peruviana, Cape gooseberry and tomatillo, have been bred into many cultivars with varying flavors, from tart to sweet to savory. Nations including Colombia, India, and Mexico have a significant economic trade in ''Physalis'' fruit. The fruit of many species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalis Lancifolia
''Physalis'' (, , , , from φυσαλλίς ''phusallís'' "bladder") is a genus of approximately 75 to 90 flowering plants in the nightshade family (Solanaceae), which are native to the Americas and Australasia. At least 46 species are endemic to Mexico. Cultivated and weedy species have been introduced worldwide. A defining feature of ''Physalis'' is a large, papery husk derived from the calyx, which partly or fully encloses the fruit. Many species bear edible fruit, and some species are cultivated. The typical ''Physalis'' fruit is similar to a firm tomato in texture, and like strawberries or pineapple in flavor, with a mild acidity. Some species, such as the Cape gooseberry and tomatillo, have been bred into many cultivars with varying flavors, from tart to sweet to savory. Nations including Colombia, India, and Mexico have a significant economic trade in ''Physalis'' fruit. The fruit of many species are generically referred to as physalis, groundcherries, husk tomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalis Alkekengi
''Alkekengi officinarum'', the bladder cherry, Chinese lantern, Japanese-lantern, strawberry groundcherry, or winter cherry, is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae. It is a close relative of the new world ''Calliphysalis carpenteri'' (Carpenter's groundcherry) and a somewhat more distant relative to the members of the ''Physalis'' genus. This species is native to the regions covering Southern Europe to South Asia and Northeast Asia. Description It is easily identifiable by the large, bright orange to red papery covering over its fruit, which resembles paper lanterns. It is a perennial herbaceous plant growing to 40–60 cm tall, with spirally arranged leaves 6–12 cm long and 4–9 cm broad. The flowers are white, with a five-lobed corolla 10–15 mm across, with an inflated basal calyx which matures into the papery orange fruit covering, 4–5 cm long and broad. And it has one variety, ''Alkekengi officinarum'' var. ''franch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steroidal
A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration. Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules. Hundreds of steroids are found in plants, animals and fungi. All steroids are manufactured in cells from the sterols lanosterol (opisthokonts) or cycloartenol (plants). Lanosterol and cycloartenol are derived from the cyclization of the triterpene squalene. The steroid core structure is typically composed of seventeen carbon atoms, bonded in four " fused" rings: three six-member cyclohexane rings (rings A, B and C in the first illustration) and one five-member cyclopentane ring (the D ring). Steroids vary by the functional groups attached to this four-ring core and by the oxidation state of the rings. Sterols are forms of steroids with a hydroxy group at position three and a skeleton derived from cholestane. ''Also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Covalent Bond
A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs. The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, when they share electrons, is known as covalent bonding. For many molecules, the sharing of electrons allows each atom to attain the equivalent of a full valence shell, corresponding to a stable electronic configuration. In organic chemistry, covalent bonding is much more common than ionic bonding. Covalent bonding also includes many kinds of interactions, including σ-bonding, π-bonding, metal-to-metal bonding, agostic interactions, bent bonds, three-center two-electron bonds and three-center four-electron bonds. The term ''covalent bond'' dates from 1939. The prefix ''co-'' means ''jointly, associated in action, partnered to a lesser degree, '' etc.; thus a "co-valent bond", in essence, means that the atoms share " valence", such a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalis Angulata
''Physalis angulata'' is an erect, herbaceous, annual plant belonging to the nightshade family Solanaceae. It reproduces by seed. Its leaves are dark green and roughly oval, often with tooth shapes around the edge. The flowers are five-sided and pale yellow; the yellow-orange fruits are borne inside a balloon-like calyx. It is native to the Americas, but is now widely distributed and naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. The plant produces edible fruit that can be eaten raw, cooked, jammed, etc. However, all other parts of the plant are poisonous. Members of the Toba-Pilagá ethnic group of Gran Chaco traditionally eat the ripe fruits raw. Vernacular names *English common names include: angular winter cherry, balloon cherry, cutleaf groundcherry, gooseberry, hogweed, wild tomato, camapu, and occasionally other common names for the genus ''Physalis''. *In Spanish it is known as bolsa mullaca *In Malayalam it is known as njottanjodiyan (ഞൊട്ടാ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antimicrobial
An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms or stops their growth. Antimicrobial medicines can be grouped according to the microorganisms they act primarily against. For example, antibiotics are used against bacteria, and antifungals are used against fungi. They can also be classified according to their function. Agents that kill microbes are microbicides, while those that merely inhibit their growth are called bacteriostatic agents. The use of antimicrobial medicines to treat infection is known as antimicrobial chemotherapy, while the use of antimicrobial medicines to prevent infection is known as antimicrobial prophylaxis. The main classes of antimicrobial agents are disinfectants (non-selective agents, such as bleach), which kill a wide range of microbes on non-living surfaces to prevent the spread of illness, antiseptics (which are applied to living tissue and help reduce infection during surgery), and antibiotics (which destroy microorganisms within the body). The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antiparasitic
Antiparasitics are a class of medications which are indicated for the treatment of parasitic diseases, such as those caused by helminths, amoeba, ectoparasites, parasitic fungi, and protozoa, among others. Antiparasitics target the parasitic agents of the infections by destroying them or inhibiting their growth; they are usually effective against a limited number of parasites within a particular class. Antiparasitics are one of the antimicrobial drugs which include antibiotics that target bacteria, and antifungals that target fungi. They may be administered orally, intravenously or topically. Broad-Spectrum antiparasitics, analogous to broad-spectrum antibiotics for bacteria, are antiparasitic drugs with efficacy in treating a wide range of parasitic infections caused by parasites from different classes. Types Broad-spectrum * Nitazoxanide Antiprotozoals * Melarsoprol (for treatment of sleeping sickness caused by ''Trypanosoma brucei'') * Eflornithine (for sleeping sickness) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
