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Phyllotheca
The genus Phyllotheca was created in 1828, when Brongniart described the type species ''Phyllotheca australis'' coming from Hawkesbury River, Australia. Species * '' Phyllotheca australis'': Initially described by Brongniart coming from Australia. * '' Phyllotheca brevifolia'': Described by Roesler, Boardman and Iannuzzi. Found in Paleorrota geopark on ''Morro Papaléo'' in Mariana Pimentel, Brazil. The area is in Rio Bonito Formation dating from Sakmarian in the Permian. * '' Phyllotheca indica'': Described by Towrow in 1955. Coming from India. * '' Phyllotheca longifolia'': Described by Roesler and Boardman. Found in Paleorrota geopark on Morro Papaléo in Mariana Pimentel, Brazil. The area is in Rio Bonito Formation dating from Sakmarian in the Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllotheca Indica
The genus Phyllotheca was created in 1828, when Brongniart described the type species ''Phyllotheca australis'' coming from Hawkesbury River, Australia. Species * '' Phyllotheca australis'': Initially described by Brongniart coming from Australia. * '' Phyllotheca brevifolia'': Described by Roesler, Boardman and Iannuzzi. Found in Paleorrota geopark on ''Morro Papaléo'' in Mariana Pimentel, Brazil. The area is in Rio Bonito Formation dating from Sakmarian in the Permian. * '' Phyllotheca indica'': Described by Towrow in 1955. Coming from India. * '' Phyllotheca longifolia'': Described by Roesler and Boardman. Found in Paleorrota geopark on Morro Papaléo in Mariana Pimentel, Brazil. The area is in Rio Bonito Formation dating from Sakmarian in the Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllotheca Australis
The genus Phyllotheca was created in 1828, when Brongniart described the type species ''Phyllotheca australis'' coming from Hawkesbury River, Australia. Species * '' Phyllotheca australis'': Initially described by Brongniart coming from Australia. * '' Phyllotheca brevifolia'': Described by Roesler, Boardman and Iannuzzi. Found in Paleorrota geopark on ''Morro Papaléo'' in Mariana Pimentel, Brazil. The area is in Rio Bonito Formation dating from Sakmarian in the Permian. * ''Phyllotheca indica'': Described by Towrow in 1955. Coming from India. * '' Phyllotheca longifolia'': Described by Roesler and Boardman. Found in Paleorrota geopark on Morro Papaléo in Mariana Pimentel, Brazil. The area is in Rio Bonito Formation dating from Sakmarian in the Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllotheca Brevifolia
The genus Phyllotheca was created in 1828, when Brongniart described the type species ''Phyllotheca australis'' coming from Hawkesbury River, Australia. Species * ''Phyllotheca australis'': Initially described by Brongniart coming from Australia. * '' Phyllotheca brevifolia'': Described by Roesler, Boardman and Iannuzzi. Found in Paleorrota geopark on ''Morro Papaléo'' in Mariana Pimentel, Brazil. The area is in Rio Bonito Formation dating from Sakmarian in the Permian. * ''Phyllotheca indica'': Described by Towrow in 1955. Coming from India. * '' Phyllotheca longifolia'': Described by Roesler and Boardman. Found in Paleorrota geopark on Morro Papaléo in Mariana Pimentel, Brazil. The area is in Rio Bonito Formation dating from Sakmarian in the Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllotheca Longifolia
The genus Phyllotheca was created in 1828, when Brongniart described the type species ''Phyllotheca australis'' coming from Hawkesbury River, Australia. Species * ''Phyllotheca australis'': Initially described by Brongniart coming from Australia. * ''Phyllotheca brevifolia'': Described by Roesler, Boardman and Iannuzzi. Found in Paleorrota geopark on ''Morro Papaléo'' in Mariana Pimentel, Brazil. The area is in Rio Bonito Formation dating from Sakmarian in the Permian. * ''Phyllotheca indica'': Described by Towrow in 1955. Coming from India. * '' Phyllotheca longifolia'': Described by Roesler and Boardman. Found in Paleorrota geopark on Morro Papaléo in Mariana Pimentel, Brazil. The area is in Rio Bonito Formation dating from Sakmarian in the Permian The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last peri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equisetales
Equisetales is an order of subclass Equisetidae with only one living family, Equisetaceae, containing the genus ''Equisetum'' (horsetails). Classification In the molecular phylogenetic classification of Smith et al. in 2006, Equisetales, in its present circumscription, was held to be the sole member of class Equisetopsida. The linear sequence of Christenhusz et al. (2011), intended for compatibility with the classification of Chase and Reveal (2009) which placed all land plants in Equisetopsida, made it the sole member of subclass Equisetidae, equivalent to Smith's Equisetopsida. The placement of Equisetales in subclass Equisetidae has subsequently been followed in the classifications of Christenhusz and Chase (2014) and PPG I (2016). The fossil record includes additional extinct species in Equisetaceae and the extinct families Calamitaceae, Archaeocalamitaceae and Phyllothecaceae The prehistoric family Phyllothecaceae, of the plant order Equisetales, was erected in 1828, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rio Bonito Formation
The Rio Bonito Formation is a Formation (stratigraphy), geological formation of the Paraná Basin, Paraná and Pelotas Basins of Permian age. It is represented by a succession of cyclic sedimentary packages of sandstones, siltstones and shales which bear extensive deposits of coal that has been extracted since the 19th century.White, I.C. (1908) Comissão de Estudos das Minas de Carvão de Pedra do Brazil – Relatório final. (relatório bilíngüe, português e inglês); 617 p. + ilustr.; Imprensa Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. IN: CPRM (2008). 30 cm. Edição comemorativa: 100 anos do Relatório White. Edição facsimilar. CDD 553.209816. The Rio Bonito Formation was deposited in a coastal environment, formed by rivers, deltas, bays and estuaries with tidal plains, barrier islands and shallow marine platform, at a time when the Paraná Basin was a large Gulf (geography), gulf of the ancient supercontinent Gondwana. This gulf was open to the southwest, to the old ocean Panthala ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permian First Appearances
The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last period of the Paleozoic Era; the following Triassic Period belongs to the Mesozoic Era. The concept of the Permian was introduced in 1841 by geologist Sir Roderick Murchison, who named it after the region of Perm in Russia. The Permian witnessed the diversification of the two groups of amniotes, the synapsids and the sauropsids ( reptiles). The world at the time was dominated by the supercontinent Pangaea, which had formed due to the collision of Euramerica and Gondwana during the Carboniferous. Pangaea was surrounded by the superocean Panthalassa. The Carboniferous rainforest collapse left behind vast regions of desert within the continental interior. Amniotes, which could better cope with these drier conditions, rose to dominance in place of their am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Plant Genera
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared 5000 years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing spreading to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilisation, and ancient Egypt were the first civilizations to develop their own scripts and to keep historical records, with their neighbors following. Most other civilizations reached the end of prehistory during the following Iron Age. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permian Plants
The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last period of the Paleozoic Era; the following Triassic Period belongs to the Mesozoic Era. The concept of the Permian was introduced in 1841 by geologist Sir Roderick Murchison, who named it after the region of Perm in Russia. The Permian witnessed the diversification of the two groups of amniotes, the synapsids and the sauropsids (reptiles). The world at the time was dominated by the supercontinent Pangaea, which had formed due to the collision of Euramerica and Gondwana during the Carboniferous. Pangaea was surrounded by the superocean Panthalassa. The Carboniferous rainforest collapse left behind vast regions of desert within the continental interior. Amniotes, which could better cope with these drier conditions, rose to dominance in place of their amphibia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago., "Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa. ... Coalescence dates for most non-European populations average to between 73–55 ka.", "Modern human beings—''Homo sapiens''—originated in Africa. Then, int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sakmarian
In the geologic timescale, the Sakmarian is an age or stage of the Permian. It is a subdivision of the Cisuralian Epoch or Series. The Sakmarian lasted between 293.52 and million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Asselian and followed by the Artinskian.; 2004: ''A Geologic Time Scale 2004'', Cambridge University Press Stratigraphy The Sakmarian Stage is named after the Sakmara River in the Ural Mountains, a tributary to the Ural River. The stage was introduced into scientific literature by Alexander Karpinsky in 1874. In Russian stratigraphy, it originally formed a substage of the Artinskian Stage. Currently, the ICS uses it as an independent stage in its international geologic timescale. The base of the Sakmarian Stage is laid with the first appearance of conodont species ''Streptognathodus postfusus'' in the fossil record. A global reference profile for the base (a GSSP), located in the southern Ural Mountains, Russia, was ratified in 2018. The top of the Sakmarian (the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
