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Phyllidiidae
Phyllidiidae is a family of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Phyllidioidea. This family is within the clade Doridacea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). Distribution Most species occur in the tropical Indo-Pacific region, but a few species have been found in the tropical Atlantic Ocean and in the Mediterranean. Description The mantle of these oval nudibranchs is flattened dorsoventrally and its dorsal surface is covered with hard, colored tubercles. This mantle is decorated with contrasting colors and patterns as warning signals to predators. The lamellate rhinophores can be retracted. Like other dorid nudibranchs, all species have a dorsal anus, except for the species in the genus ''Fryeria'' where the anus is posteroventral and protrusible. In contrast with the other nudibranchs from the clade Doridacea, the species in this family lack buccal armature, i. e. radulae and jaws. The gill leaflets a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doridacea
''Doridacea'' is a taxonomic grouping of dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod mollusks.Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Frýda J., Hausdorf B., Ponder W., Valdes A. & Warén A. 2005''Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families''.Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology, 47(1-2). ConchBooks: Hackenheim, Germany. . ISSN 0076-2997. 397 pp. included in the clade Euctenidiacea of the clade Nudibranchia. Taxonomy *Superfamily Doridoidea **Family Dorididae **Family Actinocyclidae **Family Chromodorididae **Family Discodorididae *Superfamily Phyllidioidea **Family Phyllidiidae **Family Dendrodorididae **Family Mandeliidae *Superfamily Onchidoridoidea (= Phanerobranchiata Suctoria) **Family Akiodorididae **Family Calycidorididae **Family Goniodorididae **Family Onchidorididae **Family Corambidae *Superfamily Polyceroidea (= Phanerobranchiata Non Suctoria) **Family Polyceridae **Family Aegiridae - In Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) Aegiretidae is an incorrect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllidiopsis Cardinalis
''Phyllidiopsis cardinalis'' is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Phyllidiidae Phyllidiidae is a family of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Phyllidioidea. This family is within the clade Doridacea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). Distributi .... References Phyllidiidae Gastropods described in 1876 {{Phyllidiidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllidia Varicosa
''Phyllidia varicosa'' is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusc in the family Phyllidiidae.Bouchet, P. (2015)''Phyllidia varicosa'' Lamarck, 1801.In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2016-11-15. Distribution This species is widely distributed throughout the Indo-West Pacific Oceans including the central Pacific and the Red Sea. Description This is a large species growing to at least 115 mm. It can be distinguished by its numerous (3 to 6), longitudinal, tuberculate notal ridges. The ridge and bases of the tubercles are a blue-grey colour. The tubercles are capped in yellow. The foot sole has a black longitudinal foot stripe. The rhinophoral clavus possesses 27 to 30 lamellae.Rudman, W.B., 1999 (January 12''Phyllidia varicosa'' Lamarck, 1801. n/nowiki> Sea Slug Forum. Australian Museum, Sydney. Mimicry Juveniles of the sea cucumber, '' Pearsonothuria graeffei'' are brightly coloured an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllidia
''Phyllidia'' is a genus of sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, shell-less marine gastropod molluscs in the family Phyllidiidae.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2012)''Phyllidia''.Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 2012-06-07. Species Species in the genus ''Phyllidia'' include:Brunckhorst D.J. (1993) ''The systematics and phylogeny of phyllidiid nudibranchs (Doridoidea)''. Records of the Australian Museum suppl. 16: 1-108. * '' Phyllidia alyta'' Yonow, 1996 * '' Phyllidia babai'' Brunckhorst, 1993 * '' Phyllidia carlsonhoffi'' Brunckhorst, 1993 * '' Phyllidia coelestis'' Bergh, 1905 * '' Phyllidia elegans'' Bergh, 1869 * '' Phyllidia exquisita'' Brunckhorst, 1993 * ''Phyllidia flava'' Aradas, 1847 * '' Phyllidia goslineri'' Brunckhorst, 1993 * '' Phyllidia guamensis'' (Brunckhorst, 1993) * '' Phyllidia haegeli'' (Fahrner & Beck, 2000) * '' Phyllidia koehleri'' Perrone, 2000 * '' Phyllidia larryi'' (Brunckhorst, 1993) * '' Phyllidia madangensis'' Brunckhorst, 1993 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phyllidioidea
Phyllidioidea is a taxonomic superfamily of colorful sea slugs, dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks. Taxonomy *Family Phyllidiidae Rafinesque, 1814 *Family Dendrodorididae O'Donoghue, 1924 *Family Mandeliidae Mandela's nudibranch, ''Mandelia mirocornata'', is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch. It is a marine gastropod mollusc, the only member of the genus ''Mandelia'' and the family Mandeliidae. The genus and family name honor Nelson Mandela, ... Valdés & Gosliner, 1999 References Nudipleura {{Heterobranchia-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aposematism
Aposematism is the advertising by an animal to potential predators that it is not worth attacking or eating. This unprofitability may consist of any defences which make the prey difficult to kill and eat, such as toxicity, venom, foul taste or smell, sharp spines, or aggressive nature. These advertising signals may take the form of conspicuous coloration, sounds, odours, or other perceivable characteristics. Aposematic signals are beneficial for both predator and prey, since both avoid potential harm. The term was coined in 1877 by Edward Bagnall Poulton for Alfred Russel Wallace's concept of warning coloration. Aposematism is exploited in Müllerian mimicry, where species with strong defences evolve to resemble one another. By mimicking similarly coloured species, the warning signal to predators is shared, causing them to learn more quickly at less of a cost. A genuine aposematic signal that a species actually possesses chemical or physical defences is not the only way to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxonomy Of The Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)
The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised in 2005 by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is a system for the scientific classification of gastropod mollusks. (Gastropods are a taxonomic class of animals which consists of snails and slugs of every kind, from the land, from freshwater, and from saltwater.) The paper setting out this taxonomy was published in the journal ''Malacologia''. The system encompasses both living and extinct groups, as well as some fossils whose classification as gastropods is uncertain. The Bouchet & Rocroi system was the first complete gastropod taxonomy that primarily employed the concept of clades, and was derived from research on molecular phylogenetics; in this context a clade is a "natural grouping" of organisms based upon a statistical cluster analysis. In contrast, most of the previous overall taxonomic schemes for gastropods relied on morphological features to classify these animals, and used taxon ranks such as order, superorder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hymeniacidon
''Hymeniacidon'' is a genus of sea sponges in the class Class or The Class may refer to: Common uses not otherwise categorized * Class (biology), a taxonomic rank * Class (knowledge representation), a collection of individuals or objects * Class (philosophy), an analytical concept used differentl ... Demospongiae. Some members of the genus are known to be mobile, achieving speeds of between 1 and 4 mm per day.Ruppert, E.E., Fox, R.S. and Barnes, R.D. 2004. ''Invertebrate Zoology'' Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Hymeniacidon'': *''Hymeniacidon actites'' (Ristau, 1978) *''Hymeniacidon addreissiformis'' Dickinson, 1945 *''Hymeniacidon agminata'' Ridley, 1884 *''Hymeniacidon assimilis'' Levinsen, 1887 *''Hymeniacidon atlantica'' Burton, 1948 *''Hymeniacidon burtoni'' Van Soest & Hooper, 2020 *''Hymeniacidon caerula'' Pulitzer-Finali, 1986 *''Hymeniacidon calcifera'' Row, 1911 *''Hymeniacidon calva'' (Ridley, 1881) *''Hymeniacidon centrotyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biological evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with Naturalism (philosophy), natural laws. Lamarck fought in the Seven Years' War against Prussia, and was awarded a commission for bravery on the battlefield. Posted to Monaco, Lamarck became interested in natural history and resolved to study medicine.#Packard, Packard (1901), p. 15. He retired from the army after being injured in 1766, and returned to his medical studies. Lamarck developed a particular interest in botany, and later, after he published the three-volume work ''Flore françoise'' (1778), he gained membership of the French Academy of Sciences in 1779. Lamarck became involved in the Jardin des Plantes and was appointed to the Chair of Botany in 1788. When the French Nationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek language, Greek wikt:φυλή, φυλή/wikt:φῦλον, φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms. These relationships are determined by Computational phylogenetics, phylogenetic inference methods that focus on observed heritable traits, such as DNA sequences, Protein, protein Amino acid, amino acid sequences, or Morphology (biology), morphology. The result of such an analysis is a phylogenetic tree—a diagram containing a hypothesis of relationships that reflects the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. The tips of a phylogenetic tree can be living taxa or fossils, and represent the "end" or the present time in an evolutionary lineage. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the tree. An un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pharynx
The pharynx (plural: pharynges) is the part of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity, and above the oesophagus and trachea (the tubes going down to the stomach and the lungs). It is found in vertebrates and invertebrates, though its structure varies across species. The pharynx carries food and air to the esophagus and larynx respectively. The flap of cartilage called the epiglottis stops food from entering the larynx. In humans, the pharynx is part of the digestive system and the conducting zone of the respiratory system. (The conducting zone—which also includes the nostrils of the nose, the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles—filters, warms and moistens air and conducts it into the lungs). The human pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx. It is also important in vocalization. In humans, two sets of pharyngeal muscles form the pharynx and determine the shape of its lumen. They are arranged as an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic Nomenclature
Phylogenetic nomenclature is a method of nomenclature for taxa in biology that uses phylogenetic definitions for taxon names as explained below. This contrasts with the traditional approach, in which taxon names are defined by a '' type'', which can be a specimen or a taxon of lower rank, and a description in words. Phylogenetic nomenclature is currently regulated by the '' International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature'' (''PhyloCode''). Definitions Phylogenetic nomenclature ties names to clades, groups consisting of an ancestor and all its descendants. These groups can equivalently be called monophyletic. There are slightly different ways of specifying the ancestor, which are discussed below. Once the ancestor is specified, the meaning of the name is fixed: the ancestor and all organisms which are its descendants are included in the named taxon. Listing all these organisms (i.e. providing a full circumscription) requires the full phylogenetic tree to be known. In practice, ther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
