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Peter Henlein
Peter Henlein (also spelled Henle or Hele) (1485 - August 1542), a locksmith, clockmaker, and watchmaker of Nuremberg, Germany. Due to the Fire-gilded pomander-shaped Watch 1505, watch from 1505, he is often considered the inventor of the pocket watch., p.31 He was one of the first craftsmen to make small ornamental portable clocks which were often worn as pendants or attached to clothing, and which are regarded as the first watches. Many sources also erroneously, p.126-127"''There are at least two spring driven clocks extant which predate Henlein's work''" , p.305, p.121 credit him as the inventor of the mainspring., p.440 Life Henlein grew up in Nuremberg. His parents were Peter, a brass forger and citizen of Nuremberg since 1461, and Barbara Henlein. He had one older brother, Herman Henlein, who became also a master cutler in 1496. In his life he was married to three women: Kunigunde Ernst, his first wife, and Margarethe, his second, and Walburga Schreyer, his third wife. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Renaissance
The German Renaissance, part of the Northern Renaissance, was a cultural and artistic movement that spread among German thinkers in the 15th and 16th centuries, which developed from the Italian Renaissance. Many areas of the arts and sciences were influenced, notably by the spread of Renaissance humanism to the various German states and principalities. There were many advances made in the fields of architecture, the arts, and the sciences. Germany produced two developments that were to dominate the 16th century all over Europe: printing and the Protestant Reformation. One of the most important German humanists was Konrad Celtis (1459–1508). Celtis studied at Cologne and Heidelberg, and later travelled throughout Italy collecting Latin and Greek manuscripts. Heavily influenced by Tacitus, he used the ''Germania'' to introduce German history and geography. Eventually he devoted his time to poetry, in which he praised Germany in Latin. Another important figure was Johann Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humanism
Humanism is a philosophy, philosophical stance that emphasizes the individual and social potential, and Agency (philosophy), agency of human beings, whom it considers the starting point for serious moral and philosophical inquiry. The meaning of the term "humanism" has changed according to successive intellectual movements that have identified with it. During the Italian Renaissance, Italian scholars inspired by Greek classical scholarship gave rise to the Renaissance humanism movement. During the Age of Enlightenment, humanistic values were reinforced by advances in science and technology, giving confidence to humans in their exploration of the world. By the early 20th century, organizations dedicated to humanism flourished in Europe and the United States, and have since expanded worldwide. In the early 21st century, the term generally denotes a focus on human well-being and advocates for human freedom, autonomy, and progress. It views humanity as responsible for the prom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Language
German (, ) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western Europe, Western and Central Europe. It is the majority and Official language, official (or co-official) language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. It is also an official language of Luxembourg, German-speaking Community of Belgium, Belgium and the Italian autonomous province of South Tyrol, as well as a recognized national language in Namibia. There are also notable German-speaking communities in other parts of Europe, including: Poland (Upper Silesia), the Czech Republic (North Bohemia), Denmark (South Jutland County, North Schleswig), Slovakia (Krahule), Germans of Romania, Romania, Hungary (Sopron), and France (European Collectivity of Alsace, Alsace). Overseas, sizeable communities of German-speakers are found in the Americas. German is one of the global language system, major languages of the world, with nearly 80 million native speakers and over 130 mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Donaustauf
Donaustauf is a market town in Bavaria, east of Regensburg at the foothills of the Bavarian Forest. The ruins of a medieval castle, presumably erected between 914 and 930, tower above the small town. Situated nearby on a hill rising from the Danube is the imposing Teutonic temple of fame, Walhalla, a costly reproduction of the Parthenon in Athens. The Walhalla was commissioned by Ludwig I, King of Bavaria, and inaugurated on 18 October 1842. Donaustauf had been a fief in the Duchy of Bavaria The Duchy of Bavaria () was a frontier region in the southeastern part of the Merovingian kingdom from the sixth through the eighth century. It was settled by Bavarians, Bavarian tribes and ruled by List of rulers of Bavaria, dukes (''duces'') ..., but in 1710 it was transferred to Bishopric of Regensburg. In 1803 it joined the newly formed Principality of Regensburg, but just 7 years later, at the it was returned to Bavaria, which, in turn, endowed it to the princes of Thurn a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walhalla Memorial
The Walhalla () is a hall of fame monument that honours laudable and distinguished people in German history"politicians, sovereigns, scientists and artists of the German tongue";Official Guide booklet, 2002, p. 3 While all new inductees since 1890 have been Germans or German-speakers, several earlier honorees came from outside modern Germany, which had not yet been established when the monument was built. Their inclusion reflects a 19th-century, still evolving, more loosely defined concept of " Germanness", one that would today be seen as conflating the term "German" with the much broader notion of having spoken a Germanic language or being of partial or supposed German ancestry. The Walhalla memorial is named for the '' Valhǫll'' of Norse Paganism. It was conceived in 1807 by Crown Prince Ludwig I of Bavaria in order to support the gathering momentum for the unification of the many German states into the German Empire. Following his accession to the throne of Bavaria, constru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Reich
German ''Reich'' (, from ) was the constitutional name for the German nation state that existed from 1871 to 1945. The ''Reich'' became understood as deriving its authority and sovereignty entirely from a continuing unitary German ''Volk'' ("national people"), with that authority and sovereignty being exercised at any one time over a unitary German "state territory" with variable boundaries and extent. Although commonly translated as "German Empire", the word ''Reich'' here better translates as "realm" or territorial "reach", in that the term does not in itself have monarchical connotations. The name "German ''Reich''" was officially Proclamation of the German Empire, proclaimed on 18 January 1871 at the Palace of Versailles by Otto von Bismarck and William I, German Emperor, Wilhelm I of Prussia. After the Anschluss, annexation of Austria to Germany on 12–13 March 1938, the name "Greater German ''Reich''" () began to be used along with the official name "German ''Reich''". Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Immortal Heart
''The Immortal Heart'' () is a 1939 German drama film directed by Veit Harlan and starring Heinrich George. It was based on Walter Harlan's play ''The Nuremberg Egg'' and depicts the inventor of the watch, Peter Henlein. Cast * Heinrich George as Peter Henlein * Kristina Söderbaum as Ev * Paul Wegener as Dr. Schedel * Raimund Schelcher as Konrad Windhalm * Michael Bohnen as Martin Behaim * Paul Henckels as Güldenbeck * Ernst Legal as Bader Bratvogel * Eduard von Winterstein as Richter Sixtus Heith * Franz Schafheitlin as Burghauptmann Zinderl * Jakob Tiedtke as Schöffe Weihrauch Production Production began in July 1938. To recreate Nuremberg as it looked in 1517, the streets were covered with sand and other demodernization took place. 500 Sturmabteilung horsemen took part in medieval costumes. Harlan and Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels Paul Joseph Goebbels (; 29 October 1897 – 1 May 1945) was a German Nazism, Nazi politician and philologist who was t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercurino Di Gattinara
Mercurino Arborio, marchese di Gattinara (10 June 1465 – 5 June 1530), was an Italian statesman and jurist who served, from 1518 to 1530, as the principal chancellor of Charles V, the King of Spain and the Holy Roman Emperor. He was made cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church for San Giovanni a Porta Latina in 1529. He is held as the prior of the humanists who called for the restoration of a universal, Christian Roman Empire. Biography He was born in Gattinara, near Vercelli, modern Piedmont. Mercurino Gattinara initially served as the legal advisor to Margaret of Austria in Savoy. She considered him as chief amongst her various counsellors. He also served the young Duke Charles II of Burgundy, who became the King of Castile and Aragon in 1516. Upon death of Jean le Sauvage, the Grand Chancellor of Burgundy in 1518, Gattinara was appointed to succeed him in the Burgundian office, also becoming the principal Chancellor of all of Charles' domains. When his sovereign beca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philip Melanchthon
Philip Melanchthon (born Philipp Schwartzerdt; 16 February 1497 – 19 April 1560) was a German Lutheran reformer, collaborator with Martin Luther, the first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, an intellectual leader of the Lutheran Reformation, and influential designer of educational systems. He stands next to Luther and John Calvin as a reformer, theologian, and shaper of Protestantism. Early life and education He was born Philipp Schwartzerdt on 16 February 1497 at Bretten, where his father Georg Schwarzerdt (1459–1508) was armorer to Philip, Count Palatine of the Rhine. His mother was Barbara Reuter (1476/77-1529). Bretten was burned in 1689 by French troops during the War of the Palatinate Succession. The town's Melanchthonhaus was built on the site of his place of birth in 1897. In 1507 he was sent to the Latin school at Pforzheim, where the rector, Georg Simler of Wimpfen, introduced him to the Latin and Greek poets and to Aristotle. He was in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brandenburg
Brandenburg, officially the State of Brandenburg, is a States of Germany, state in northeastern Germany. Brandenburg borders Poland and the states of Berlin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Saxony. It is the List of German states by area, fifth-largest German state by area and the List of German states by population, tenth-most populous, with 2.5 million residents. Potsdam is the state capital and largest city. Other major towns are Cottbus, Brandenburg an der Havel and Frankfurt (Oder). Brandenburg surrounds the national capital and city-state of Berlin. Together they form the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region, the third-largest Metropolitan regions in Germany, metropolitan area in Germany. There was Fusion of Berlin and Brandenburg#1996 fusion attempt, an unsuccessful attempt to unify both states in 1996, however the states still cooperate on many matters. Brandenburg originated in the Northern March in the 900s AD, from areas conquered from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick III, Elector Of Saxony
Frederick III (17 January 1463 – 5 May 1525), also known as Frederick the Wise (German: ''Friedrich der Weise''), was Prince-elector of Electorate of Saxony, Saxony from 1486 to 1525, who is mostly remembered for the protection given to his subject Martin Luther, the seminal figure of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation. Frederick was the son of Ernest, Elector of Saxony and his wife Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Saxony, Elisabeth, daughter of Albert III, Duke of Bavaria. He was one of the most powerful early defenders of Martin Luther, as the elector successfully protected him from the Holy Roman Emperor, the Pope and others. He was ostensibly led, not by religious conviction about the possible truth of Luther's propositions, but rather by personal belief in a fair trial for any of his subjects (a privilege guaranteed by the Holy Roman Empire, imperial statutory law) and the rule of law. The prince-elector is considered to have remained a Roman Catholic all his life, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg (; ) is a historical region in northern Germany comprising the western and larger part of the federal-state Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The largest cities of the region are Rostock, Schwerin, Neubrandenburg, Wismar and Güstrow. The name Mecklenburg derives from a castle named '' Mikilenburg'' (Old Saxon for "big castle", hence its translation into Neo-Latin and Greek as ), located between the cities of Schwerin and Wismar. In Slavic languages it was known as ''Veligrad'', which also means "big castle". It was the ancestral seat of the House of Mecklenburg; for a time the area was divided into Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz among the same dynasty. Linguistically Mecklenburgers retain and use many features of Low German vocabulary or phonology. The adjective for the region is ''Mecklenburgian'' or ''Mecklenburgish'' (); inhabitants are called Mecklenburgians or Mecklenburgers (). Geography Mecklenburg is known for its mostly flat countryside. M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
