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Petalostigma Quadriloculare
''Petalostigma'' is a genus of plants under the family Picrodendraceae and the monogeneric subtribe Petalostigmatinae, first defined by von Mueller in 1857. It is native to New Guinea and Australia. They are evergreen, dioecious shrubs or trees. In local medicine, pregnancy is said to be avoided by eating the fruit of the quinine bush (''Petalostigma pubescens''), which does not actually contains quinine. Another example is '' Petalostigma triloculare'' which features exploding fruit. Species This is a list of species in the genus as published by the Kew Royal Botanic Gardens. * '' Petalostigma banksii'' - Northern Territory, Queensland * '' Petalostigma pachyphyllum'' - Queensland * ''Petalostigma pubescens'' - quinine berry, quinine bush, quinine tree - Papua New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia * '' Petalostigma quadriloculare'' - Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia * '' Petalostigma triloculare'' - Queensland See al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petalostigma Quadriloculare
''Petalostigma'' is a genus of plants under the family Picrodendraceae and the monogeneric subtribe Petalostigmatinae, first defined by von Mueller in 1857. It is native to New Guinea and Australia. They are evergreen, dioecious shrubs or trees. In local medicine, pregnancy is said to be avoided by eating the fruit of the quinine bush (''Petalostigma pubescens''), which does not actually contains quinine. Another example is '' Petalostigma triloculare'' which features exploding fruit. Species This is a list of species in the genus as published by the Kew Royal Botanic Gardens. * '' Petalostigma banksii'' - Northern Territory, Queensland * '' Petalostigma pachyphyllum'' - Queensland * ''Petalostigma pubescens'' - quinine berry, quinine bush, quinine tree - Papua New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia * '' Petalostigma quadriloculare'' - Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia * '' Petalostigma triloculare'' - Queensland See al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quinine
Quinine is a medication used to treat malaria and babesiosis. This includes the treatment of malaria due to ''Plasmodium falciparum'' that is resistant to chloroquine when artesunate is not available. While sometimes used for nocturnal leg cramps, quinine is not recommended for this purpose due to the risk of serious side effects. It can be taken by mouth or intravenously. Malaria resistance to quinine occurs in certain areas of the world. Quinine is also used as an ingredient in tonic water to impart a bitter taste. Common side effects include headache, ringing in the ears, vision issues, and sweating. More severe side effects include deafness, low blood platelets, and an irregular heartbeat. Use can make one more prone to sunburn. While it is unclear if use during pregnancy causes harm to the baby, treating malaria during pregnancy with quinine when appropriate is still recommended. Quinine is an alkaloid, a naturally occurring chemical compound. How it works as a medicin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxonomy Of The Picrodendraceae
As the family Picrodendraceae is erected from the bases of subfamily Oldfieldioideae, its taxonomy remains the same: Tribe Caletieae There are 4 subtribes and 13 genera: :Subtribe Dissiliariinae ::''Austrobuxus'' (also ''Buraeavia'', ''Bureaua'', ''Canaca'', ''Choriophyllum'') ::''Choriceras'' ::''Dissiliaria'' ::''Longetia'' ::'' Sankowskya'' ::'' Whyanbeelia'' :Subtribe Hyaenanchinae ::''Hyaenanche'' (also ''Toxicodendrum'') :Subtribe Petalostigmatinae ::''Petalostigma'' (also ''Xylococcus'') :Subtribe Pseudanthinae ::''Kairothamnus'' ::''Micrantheum'' (also ''Allenia'', ''Caletia'') ::''Neoroepera'' ::''Pseudanthus'' (also ''Chorizotheca'', ''Chrysostemon'', ''Stachystemon'') ::''Scagea'' Tribe Picrodendreae There are 3 subtribes and 8 genera: :Subtrible Mischodontinae ::'' Androstachys'' ::'' Aristogeitonia'' (also ''Paragelonium'') ::''Mischodon'' ::'' Stachyandra'' ::'' Voatamalo'' :Subtribe Paiveusinae ::''Oldfieldia'' (also ''Cecchia'', ''Paivaeusa'') :Subtri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cinchona
''Cinchona'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at least 23 species of trees and shrubs. All are native to the Tropical Andes, tropical Andean forests of western South America. A few species are reportedly naturalization (biology), naturalized in Central America, Jamaica, French Polynesia, Sulawesi, Saint Helena in the South Atlantic, and São Tomé and Príncipe off the coast of tropical Africa, and others have been cultivated in India and Java, where they have formed hybrids. ''Cinchona'' has been historically sought after for its medicinal value, as the bark of several species yields quinine and other alkaloids. These were the only effective treatments against malaria during the height of European colonialism, which made them of great economic and political importance. Trees in the genus are also known as fever trees because of their anti-malarial properties. The artificial Quinine total synthesis, synthesis of quinine in 1944 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Australia
Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia's largest state, with a total land area of . It is the second-largest country subdivision in the world, surpassed only by Russia's Sakha Republic. the state has 2.76 million inhabitants percent of the national total. The vast majority (92 percent) live in the south-west corner; 79 percent of the population lives in the Perth area, leaving the remainder of the state sparsely populated. The first Europeans to visit Western Australia belonged to the Dutch Dirk Hartog expedition, who visited the Western Australian coast in 1616. The first permanent European colony of Western Australia occurred following the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New South Wales
) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_date = Colony of New South Wales , established_title2 = Establishment , established_date2 = 26 January 1788 , established_title3 = Responsible government , established_date3 = 6 June 1856 , established_title4 = Federation , established_date4 = 1 January 1901 , named_for = Wales , demonym = , capital = Sydney , largest_city = capital , coordinates = , admin_center = 128 local government areas , admin_center_type = Administration , leader_title1 = Monarch , leader_name1 = Charles III , leader_title2 = Governor , leader_name2 = Margaret Beazley , leader_title3 = Premier , leader_name3 = Dominic Perrottet (Liberal) , national_representation = Parliament of Australia , national_representation_type1 = Senat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia). Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. The country is the world's third largest island country, with an area of . At the national level, after being ruled by three external powers since 1884, including nearly 60 years of Australian administration starting during World War I, Papua New Guinea established its sovereignty in 1975. It became an independent Commonwealth realm in 1975 with Elizabeth II as its queen. It also became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in its own right. There are 839 known languages of Papua New Guinea, one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petalostigma Pachyphyllum
''Petalostigma'' is a genus of plants under the family Picrodendraceae and the monogeneric subtribe Petalostigmatinae, first defined by von Mueller in 1857. It is native to New Guinea and Australia. They are evergreen, dioecious shrubs or trees. In local medicine, pregnancy is said to be avoided by eating the fruit of the quinine bush (''Petalostigma pubescens''), which does not actually contains quinine. Another example is '' Petalostigma triloculare'' which features exploding fruit. Species This is a list of species in the genus as published by the Kew Royal Botanic Gardens. * '' Petalostigma banksii'' - Northern Territory, Queensland * '' Petalostigma pachyphyllum'' - Queensland * ''Petalostigma pubescens'' - quinine berry, quinine bush, quinine tree - Papua New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia * ''Petalostigma quadriloculare'' - Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia * '' Petalostigma triloculare'' - Queensland See als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Queensland
) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_date = Colony of Queensland , established_title2 = Separation from New South Wales , established_date2 = 6 June 1859 , established_title3 = Federation , established_date3 = 1 January 1901 , named_for = Queen Victoria , demonym = , capital = Brisbane , largest_city = capital , coordinates = , admin_center_type = Administration , admin_center = 77 local government areas , leader_title1 = Monarch , leader_name1 = Charles III , leader_title2 = Governor , leader_name2 = Jeannette Young , leader_title3 = Premier , leader_name3 = Annastacia Palaszczuk ( ALP) , legislature = Parliament of Queensland , judiciary = Supreme Court of Queensland , national_representation = Parliament of Australia , national_representation_type ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Territory
The Northern Territory (commonly abbreviated as NT; formally the Northern Territory of Australia) is an states and territories of Australia, Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. The Northern Territory shares its borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory looks out to the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria, including Western New Guinea and other islands of the Indonesian archipelago. The NT covers , making it the third-largest Australian federal division, and List of country subdivisions by area, the 11th-largest country subdivision in the world. It is sparsely populated, with a population of only 249,000 – fewer than half as many people as in Tasmania. The largest population center is the capital city of Darwin, Northern Territory, Darwin. The archaeological hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petalostigma Banksii
''Petalostigma'' is a genus of plants under the family Picrodendraceae and the monogeneric subtribe Petalostigmatinae, first defined by von Mueller in 1857. It is native to New Guinea and Australia. They are evergreen, dioecious shrubs or trees. In local medicine, pregnancy is said to be avoided by eating the fruit of the quinine bush (''Petalostigma pubescens''), which does not actually contains quinine. Another example is '' Petalostigma triloculare'' which features exploding fruit. Species This is a list of species in the genus as published by the Kew Royal Botanic Gardens. * '' Petalostigma banksii'' - Northern Territory, Queensland * ''Petalostigma pachyphyllum'' - Queensland * ''Petalostigma pubescens'' - quinine berry, quinine bush, quinine tree - Papua New Guinea, Queensland, Northern Territory, New South Wales, Western Australia * ''Petalostigma quadriloculare'' - Queensland, Northern Territory, Western Australia * '' Petalostigma triloculare'' - Queensland See also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petalostigma Triloculare
''Petalostigma triloculare'', known as the long-leaved bitter bark is a rainforest tree of eastern Australia. It occurs in the drier rainforests, often on sandy soil derived from granite or sandstone, and is sometimes seen on old sand dunes. Taxonomy ''Petalostigma triloculare'' was first described by the Swiss botanist Johannes Müller Argoviensis in 1864. ''Petalostigma'' refers to the stigma which can be broadly flattened like a petal. "Triloculare" is derived from Latin and means ''three chambers'', which in this case is obscure, as the fruit usually has four chambers. This species occasionally hybridises with ''Petalostigma pubescens''. Description ''Petalostigma triloculare'' grows as a small tree up to 15 metres (50 ft) tall with a stem diameter of 25 cm (10 in). The trunk is somewhat swollen at the base, and the bark is a dark grey with some vertical cracks and fissures. The inner bark is very bitter to taste. Small branches are greyish brown, relativel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
