Petalonyx
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Petalonyx
''Petalonyx'' is a small genus of flowering plants native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. They are known commonly as sandpaper plants, and are most often found in warm, dry desert regions. Sandpaper plants are subshrubs that get their common name from their rough foliage, which is covered in tiny, stiffly curved hairs. They bear racemes of claw-shaped flowers with long stamens extending well beyond the corolla, and unusual in that they emerge from outside the corolla.A REVISION OF PETALONYX (LOASACEAE) WITH A CONSIDERATION OF AFFINITIES IN SUBFAMILY GRONOVIOIDEAEWilliam S. Davis and Henry J. ThompsonMadroñoVol. 19, No. 1 (JANUARY, 1967), pp. 1-18Published by: California Botanical SocietyStable URL/ref> Species: *''Petalonyx linearis'' - narrowleaf sandpaper plant *''Petalonyx nitidus ''Petalonyx nitidus'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Loasaceae known by the common name shinyleaf sandpaper plant. It is native to the deserts and desert moun ...
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Petalonyx Parryi
''Petalonyx'' is a small genus of flowering plants native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. They are known commonly as sandpaper plants, and are most often found in warm, dry desert regions. Sandpaper plants are subshrubs that get their common name from their rough foliage, which is covered in tiny, stiffly curved hairs. They bear racemes of claw-shaped flowers with long stamens extending well beyond the corolla, and unusual in that they emerge from outside the corolla.A REVISION OF PETALONYX (LOASACEAE) WITH A CONSIDERATION OF AFFINITIES IN SUBFAMILY GRONOVIOIDEAEWilliam S. Davis and Henry J. ThompsonMadroñoVol. 19, No. 1 (JANUARY, 1967), pp. 1-18Published by: California Botanical SocietyStable URL/ref> Species: *''Petalonyx linearis'' - narrowleaf sandpaper plant *''Petalonyx nitidus ''Petalonyx nitidus'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Loasaceae known by the common name shinyleaf sandpaper plant. It is native to the deserts and desert moun ...
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Petalonyx Thurberi
''Petalonyx thurberi'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Loasaceae known by the common names Thurber's sandpaper plant''Petalonyx thurberi''.
USDA PLANTS.
and common sandpaper plant.''Petalonyx thurberi''.
NatureServe. 2012.
It is native to the deserts of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, where it grows in sandy and scrubby habitat. It is a rounded or spreading, clumpy made up of many rough-haired stems approaching one meter in maximum height. The stems are lined with clasping leaves varyi ...
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Petalonyx Nitidus
''Petalonyx nitidus'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Loasaceae known by the common name shinyleaf sandpaper plant. It is native to the deserts and desert mountains of the southwestern United States, where it grows in scrub, woodland, and other habitat. It is a clumpy subshrub made up of many rough-haired, erect or spreading stems growing 15 to 45 centimeters long. The leaves are oval, pointed, usually toothed or serrated, and up to 4 centimeters long. The inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphology (biology), Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of sperma ... at the end of the stem is a crowded raceme of many flowers. The flower appears tubular, its white petals fused near the spreading tips but open lower, the long stamens extending well beyond the corolla, and unusual in that they emerge from outside t ...
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Petalonyx Linearis
''Petalonyx linearis'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Loasaceae known by the common name narrowleaf sandpaper plant. It is native to the deserts of eastern California, western Arizona and northwestern Mexico, where it grows in scrub and other habitat. It is a rounded clumpy subshrub made up of many rough-haired, erect stems up to a meter tall. The cylindrical stems are lined evenly with linear to widely lance-shaped leaves 1 to 2.5 centimeters long. The inflorescence at the end of each stem is a raceme of many small five-petalled white flowers surrounded by rounded or oval bract In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis or cone scale. Bracts are usually different from foliage leaves. They may be smaller, larger, or of ...s with pointed, lobed, or notched tips. External linksJepson Manual Treatment
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Loasaceae
Loasaceae is a family of 15–20 genera and about 200–260 species of flowering plants in the order Cornales, native to the Americas and Africa. Members of the family include annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants, and a few shrubs and small trees. Members of the subfamily Loasoideae are known to exhibit rapid thigmonastic stamen movement when pollinators are present. Taxonomy In the classification system of Dahlgren the Loasaceae were placed in the order Loasales in the superorder Loasiflorae (also called Loasanae). The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system places them in the related order Cornales in the asterid clade. Subdivision Genera include: *''Aosa'' Weigend (sometimes included in ''Loasa'') *''Blumenbachia'' Schrad. *''Caiophora'' C. Presl *''Cevallia'' Lag. *''Chichicaste'' Weigend (sometimes included in ''Loasa'') *''Eucnide'' Zucc. *''Fuertesia'' Urb. *'' Grausa'' Weigend & R.H.Acuña *''Gronovia'' L. *''Huidobria'' Gay (sometimes included in ''Loasa'') ...
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Asa Gray
Asa Gray (November 18, 1810 – January 30, 1888) is considered the most important American botanist of the 19th century. His ''Darwiniana'' was considered an important explanation of how religion and science were not necessarily mutually exclusive. Gray was adamant that a genetic connection must exist between all members of a species. He was also strongly opposed to the ideas of hybridization within one generation and special creation in the sense of its not allowing for evolution. He was a strong supporter of Darwin, although Gray's theistic evolution was guided by a Creator. As a professor of botany at Harvard University for several decades, Gray regularly visited, and corresponded with, many of the leading natural scientists of the era, including Charles Darwin, who held great regard for him. Gray made several trips to Europe to collaborate with leading European scientists of the era, as well as trips to the southern and western United States. He also built an extensive ne ...
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Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ...
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Subshrub
A subshrub (Latin ''suffrutex'') or dwarf shrub is a short shrub, and is a woody plant. Prostrate shrub is a related term. "Subshrub" is often used interchangeably with "bush".Jackson, Benjamin, Daydon; A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent; Published by Gerald Duckworth & Co. London, 4th ed 1928 Because the criteria are matters of degree (normally of height) rather than of kind, the definition of a subshrub is not sharply distinguishable from that of a shrub; examples of reasons for describing plants as subshrubs include ground-hugging stems or low growth habit. Subshrubs may be largely herbaceous though still classified as woody, with overwintering perennial woody growth much lower-growing than deciduous summer growth. Some plants described as subshrubs are only weakly woody and some persist for only for a few years; others however, such as ''Oldenburgia paradoxa'' live indefinitely (though is still vulnerable to external effects), rooted in rocky cracks. ...
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Raceme
A raceme ( or ) or racemoid is an unbranched, indeterminate type of inflorescence bearing flowers having short floral stalks along the shoots that bear the flowers. The oldest flowers grow close to the base and new flowers are produced as the shoot grows in height, with no predetermined growth limit. Examples of racemes occur on mustard (genus ''Brassica'') and radish (genus ''Raphanus'') plants. Definition A ''raceme'' or ''racemoid'' is an unbranched, indeterminate type of inflorescence bearing pedicellate flowers (flowers having short floral stalks called ''pedicels'') along its axis. In botany, an ''axis'' means a shoot, in this case one bearing the flowers. In indeterminate inflorescence-like racemes, the oldest flowers grow close to the base and new flowers are produced as the shoot grows in height, with no predetermined growth limit. A plant that flowers on a showy raceme may have this reflected in its scientific name, e.g. the species ''Cimicifuga racemosa''. A compou ...
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Stamen
The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filament and an anther which contains ''sporangium, microsporangia''. Most commonly anthers are two-lobed and are attached to the filament either at the base or in the middle area of the anther. The sterile tissue between the lobes is called the connective, an extension of the filament containing conducting strands. It can be seen as an extension on the dorsal side of the anther. A pollen grain develops from a microspore in the microsporangium and contains the male gametophyte. The stamens in a flower are collectively called the androecium. The androecium can consist of as few as one-half stamen (i.e. a single locule) as in ''Canna (plant), Canna'' species or as many as 3,482 stamens which have been counted in the saguaro (''Carnegiea gigantea'' ...
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Flora Of Northwestern Mexico
Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous (ecology), indigenous) native plant, native plants. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora, as in the terms ''gut flora'' or ''skin flora''. Etymology The word "flora" comes from the Latin name of Flora (mythology), Flora, the goddess of plants, flowers, and fertility in Roman mythology. The technical term "flora" is then derived from a metonymy of this goddess at the end of the sixteenth century. It was first used in poetry to denote the natural vegetation of an area, but soon also assumed the meaning of a work cataloguing such vegetation. Moreover, "Flora" was used to refer to the flowers of an artificial garden in the seventeenth century. The distinction between vegetation (the general appearance of a community) and flora (the taxonomic composition of a community) was first made by Jules Thurmann (1849). Prior to this, the two terms were used ...
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Flora Of The Southwestern United States
Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous) native plants. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora, as in the terms ''gut flora'' or '' skin flora''. Etymology The word "flora" comes from the Latin name of Flora, the goddess of plants, flowers, and fertility in Roman mythology. The technical term "flora" is then derived from a metonymy of this goddess at the end of the sixteenth century. It was first used in poetry to denote the natural vegetation of an area, but soon also assumed the meaning of a work cataloguing such vegetation. Moreover, "Flora" was used to refer to the flowers of an artificial garden in the seventeenth century. The distinction between vegetation (the general appearance of a community) and flora (the taxonomic composition of a community) was first made by Jules Thurmann (1849). Prior to this, the two terms were used indiscriminately.Thurmann, J. (1849). ''Essai de Phy ...
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