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Persistence (botany)
Persistence is the retention of plant organs, such as flowers, seeds, or leaves, after their normal function has been completed, in contrast with the shedding of deciduous organs after their purpose has been fulfilled. Absence or presence of persistent plant organs can be a helpful clue in plant identification, and may be one of many types of anatomical details noted in the species descriptions or dichotomous keys of plant identification guides. Many species of woody plants with persistent fruit provide an important food source for birds and other wildlife in winter. The terms persistent and deciduous are not used in a consistent manner by botanists. Related terms such as long-persistent, generally deciduous, and caducous suggest that some plant parts are more persistent than others. However, these terms lack clear definitions. Species with persistent parts There are numerous herbaceous and woody plant species that produce persistent parts such as bud scales, sepals (), fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equisetum Arvense-271
''Equisetum'' (; horsetail) is the only living genus in Equisetaceae, a family (biology), family of vascular plants that reproduce by spores rather than seeds. ''Equisetum'' is a "living fossil", the only living genus of the entire class (biology), subclass Equisetidae, which for over 100 million years was much more diverse and dominated the understorey of late Paleozoic forests. Some equisetids were large trees reaching to tall. The genus ''Calamites'' of the family Calamitaceae, for example, is abundant in coal deposits from the Carboniferous period. The pattern of spacing of nodes in horsetails, wherein those toward the apex of the shoot are increasingly close together, is said to have inspired John Napier to invent logarithms. Modern horsetails first appeared during the Jurassic period. A superficially similar but entirely unrelated flowering plant genus, mare's tail (''Hippuris''), is occasionally referred to as "horsetail", and adding to confusion, the name "mare's tail" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cornus Florida
''Cornus florida'', the flowering dogwood, is a species of flowering plant, flowering tree in the family Cornaceae native to eastern North America and northern Mexico. An endemic population once spanned from southernmost coastal Maine south to northern Florida and west to the Mississippi River. The tree is commonly planted as an ornamental in residential and public areas because of its showy bracts and interesting bark structure. Description Flowering dogwood is a small deciduous tree growing to high, often wider than it is tall when mature, with a trunk diameter of up to . A 10-year-old tree will stand about tall. The leaf, leaves are opposite, simple, ovate, long and broad, with an apparently entire margin (actually very finely toothed, under a lens); they turn a rich red-brown in fall. Flowering dogwood attains its greatest size and growth potential in the Upper South, sometimes up to 40 feet in height. At the northern end of its range, heights of 30–33 feet are more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clethra Alnifolia
''Clethra alnifolia'', the coastal sweetpepperbush or summer sweet, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Clethra'' of the family Clethraceae, native to eastern North America from southern Nova Scotia and Maine south to northern Florida, and west to eastern Texas. It is a deciduous shrub which grows in wetlands, bogs and woodland streams. Description Growing to tall, it is a deciduous shrub. The leaves are obovate to oblong, 4–10 cm long and 2–4 cm broad, with a serrated margin; they are green turning yellow-golden during the autumn. The flowers are white or very pale pink, 5–10 mm in diameter, and have a sweet, somewhat cloying fragrance. The flowers, which are attractive to bumblebees, are produced in racemes up to 15 cm long and 2 cm broad in late summer, depending on the cultivar. The scent of ''C. alnifolia'' is described as sweet. The "pepper" part of the common name derives from the mature fruits, capsules which have a vague resemblance to peppercorns, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chimaphila Umbellata
''Chimaphila umbellata'', the umbellate wintergreen, pipsissewa, or prince's pine, is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere. Description This plant grows up to 35 cm (12 in) tall, with one simple stem bearing evergreen, shiny, toothed leaves in opposite pairs or whorls of 3-5 (and sometimes more) along the stem. Leaves have a slightly spiny serrulate margin starting close to the base, and range from 1 ½ to 2 ½ inches long (or longer) with a typically oblanceolate shape. Flowers range from white to pink, produced in a small umbel of 4–8 together. The filaments have a roundish expansion at the base, bearing hairs along the margin only. In comparison, the closely related '' C. menziesii'' bears hairs on the ''back'' of the filament's expansion as well. Ecology Although it has green leaves year-round, it receives a significant portion of its nutrition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephalanthus Occidentalis
''Cephalanthus occidentalis'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae that is native to eastern and southern North America. Common names include buttonbush, common buttonbush, button-willow, buck brush, and honey-bells. Description ''Cephalanthus occidentalis'' is a deciduous shrub or small tree that averages in height, but can reach . The leaf, leaves are opposite or in whorls of three, elliptic to ovate, long and broad, with a smooth edge and a short Petiole (botany), petiole. The flowers are arranged in a dense spherical inflorescence in diameter on a short Peduncle (botany), peduncle. Each flower has a fused white to pale yellow four-lobed Corolla (flower), corolla forming a long slender tube connecting to the sepals. The gynoecium, stigma protrudes slightly from the corolla. The fruit is a spherical cluster of achenes (nutlets). File:Cephalanthus occidentalis 15-p.bot-cepha.occi-08.jpg, Leaves opposite or in whorls of three; inflorescences may be in clus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berberis Thunbergii
''Berberis thunbergii'', the Japanese barberry, Thunberg's barberry, or red barberry, is a species of flowering plant in the barberry family Berberidaceae, native plant, native to Japan and eastern Asia, though widely naturalized in China and North America, where it has become a problematic invasive in many places, leading to declines in species diversity, increased tick habitat, and soil changes. Growing to tall by broad, it is a small deciduous shrub with green leaves turning red in the autumn, brilliant red fruits in autumn and pale yellow flowers in spring. Description ''B. thunbergii'' has deeply grooved, brown, spiny branches with a single (occasionally tridentine) spine (actually a highly modified leaf) at each shoot node. The leaves are green to blue-green (reddish or purple in some horticultural variants), very small, spatula to leaf shape, oval shaped, long and broad; they are produced in clusters of 2–6 on a dwarf shoot in the axil of each spine. The flowers are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aronia Arbutifolia
''Aronia arbutifolia'', called the red chokeberry, is a North American species of shrubs in the rose family. It is native to eastern Canada and to the eastern and central United States, from eastern Texas to Nova Scotia inland to Ontario, Ohio, Kentucky, and Oklahoma. ''Aronia arbutifolia'' is a branching shrub forming clumps by means of stems forming from the roots. Flowers are white or pink, producing black or bright red fruits. The fruits, whose ill taste inspired the common name, are bitterly acidic (though edible) when eaten raw, but are high in pectin and can be used to make delicious thick jams and jellies. It is a popular landscaping Landscaping refers to any activity that modifies the visible features of an area of land, including the following: # Living elements, such as flora or fauna; or what is commonly called gardening, the art and craft of growing plants with a goal ... plant. References External links * arbutifolia Flora of Eastern Canada Plants d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onoclea Sensibilis
''Onoclea sensibilis'', the sensitive fern, also known as the bead fern, is a coarse-textured, medium to large-sized deciduous perennial plant, perennial fern. The name comes from its sensitivity to frost, the fronds dying quickly when first touched by it. It is sometimes treated as the only species in ''Onoclea'', but some authors do not consider the genus monotypic taxon, monotypic. Description The sterile and fertile fronds of ''Onoclea sensibilis'' have independent stalks originating from the same rhizome, quite different from other ferns. The bright, yellow-green trophophylls (sterile fronds) are deeply pinnatifid and are typically borne at intervals along the creeping rhizome. The sterile fronds are deciduous with Storage organ#Underground storage organ, trophopods, swollen bases, that serve as over winter storage organs. The sterile fronds of ''O. var. sensibilis'' have a length of with 5–11 pinnae, leaf pairs, evenly spaced along the stipe (botany), stipe. ''O. var. i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matteuccia Struthiopteris
''Matteuccia'' is a genus of ferns with one species: ''Matteuccia struthiopteris'' (common names ostrich fern, fiddlehead fern, or shuttlecock fern). The species epithet ''struthiopteris'' comes from Ancient Greek words () "ostrich" and () "fern". Description The fronds are dimorphic, with the deciduous green sterile fronds being almost vertical, tall and broad, long-tapering to the base but short-tapering to the tip, so that they resemble ostrich plumes, hence the name. The fertile fronds are shorter, long, brown when ripe, with highly modified and constricted leaf tissue curled over the sporangia; they develop in autumn, persist erect over the winter and release the spores in early spring. Along with '' Dryopteris goldieana'', it is one of the largest species of fern in eastern North America. Classification ''Matteuccia struthiopteris'' is the only species in the genus ''Matteuccia''. Some sources include two Asian species, ''M. orientalis'' and ''M. intermedia'', but mol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamamelis Virginiana
''Hamamelis virginiana'', known as witch-hazel, common witch-hazel, American witch-hazel and beadwood, is a species of flowering shrub native to eastern North America, from Nova Scotia west to Minnesota, and south to central Florida to eastern Texas. Description ''Hamamelis virginiana'' is a small, deciduous tree or shrub growing up to , rarely to tall, often with a dense cluster of stems from its base. The Bark (botany), bark is light brown, smooth, scaly, inner bark reddish purple. The branchlets are Pubescent (botany), pubescent at first, later smooth, light orange brown, marked with occasional white dots, finally dark or reddish brown. The foliage buds are acute, slightly falcate, downy, light brown. The leaves are oval, long and broad, oblique at the base, acute or rounded at the apex, with a wavy-toothed or shallowly lobed margin, and a short, stout petiole (botany), petiole long; the midrib is more or less hairy, stout, with six to seven pairs of primary veins. The yo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berberis Trifoliolata
''Berberis trifoliolata'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Berberidaceae, in southwestern North America. Common names include agarita, agrito, algerita, currant-of-Texas, wild currant, and chaparral berry. The name Agarita comes from the Spanish verb agarrar, which means "to grab". The ending "-ita" is often added to little things, so agarita means "grabs a little". This was probably said because the bush is a bit scratchy but does not have significant spines. Typical characteristics are grey-green to blue-grey leaves, yellow flowers in February to April and the red berries appearing in May. The most important harvest organ are the berries, though the roots and seeds can also be used. Distribution The shrub is native to Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas in the Southwestern United States, and across northeastern Mexico as far south as Durango and San Luis Potosí. It mainly grows in areas that it is native in; there is no cultivation in other countries. In Texas, it is f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
