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Pericarp Color1
Phlobaphenes (or phlobaphens, CAS No.:71663-19-9) are reddish, alcohol-soluble and water-insoluble phenolic substances. They can be extracted from plants, or be the result from treatment of tannin extracts with mineral acids (tanner's red). The name ''phlobaphen'' come from the Greek roots φλoιὀς (''phloios'') meaning bark and βαφή (''baphe'') meaning dye. No biological activities have currently been reported for phlobaphenes. Phlobaphenes from hawthorn fruits (''Fructus Crataegi'') may have a specific action on the coronary circulation. They are converted into humins in soils. Naturally formed phlobaphenes Natural phlobaphenes are the common bark, pericarp, cob glume and seed coat (''testa'') pigments. They have not been found in flowers, unless the brown and black pigments in the involucrum of certain compositae are found to be of the phlobaphene type. In bark, phlobaphenes accumulate in the phellem layer of cork cambium, part of the suberin mixture. Occurrence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corncobs
Corn on the cob is a culinary term for a cooked ear of sweet corn (maize) eaten directly off the cob. The ear is picked while the endosperm is in the "milk stage" so that the kernels are still tender. Ears of corn are steamed, boiled, or grilled usually without their green husks, or roasted with them. The husk leaves are removed before serving. Corn on the cob is normally eaten while still warm, and is often seasoned with salt and butter. Some diners use specialized skewers, thrust into the ends of the cob, to hold the ear while eating without touching the hot and sticky kernels. After being picked, the corn's sugar converts into starch: it takes only one day for it to lose up to 25% of its sweetness, so it is ideally cooked on the same day as it is harvested. Preparation The most common methods for cooking corn on the cob are frying, boiling, roasting, grilling, and baking. Corn on the cob can be grilled directly in its husk, or it can be shucked first and then wrapped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cinchotannic Acid
Cinchotannic acid is a tannin contained in many cinchona barks, which by oxidation rapidly yields a dark-coloured phlobaphen Phlobaphenes (or phlobaphens, CAS No.:71663-19-9) are reddish, alcohol-soluble and water-insoluble phenolic substances. They can be extracted from plants, or be the result from treatment of tannin extracts with mineral acids (tanner's red). The nam ...e called ''red cinchonic'', ''cinchono-fulvic acid'' or ''cinchona red''. References Tannins {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kino (gum)
Kino is a botanical gum produced by various trees and other plants, particularly bloodwood species of eucalypts (''Angophora'', ''Corymbia'', ''Eucalyptus'') and ''Pterocarpus'', in reaction to mechanical damage, and which can be tapped by incisions made in the trunk or stalk. Many ''Eucalyptus'', ''Angophora'' and ''Corymbia'' species are commonly referred to as 'bloodwoods', as the kino usually oozes out a very dark red colour. Kino flow in angiosperms contrasts with resin flow in conifers. The word ''kino'' is of Indian origin. In Australia, "red gum" is a term for kino from bloodwood trees and red acaroid resin from ''Xanthorrhoea'' spp. Composition Astringent tannin compounds are a major active component of kinos.Edited by Pearsall, J., and Trumble, B., ''The Oxford English Reference Dictionary'', Oxford University Press, Second Edition, 1996, The chief constituent of kino is kinotannic acid, of which it contains 70 to 80 per cent. It also contains kino red, a phlobaphene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corymbia Calophylla Kino
''Corymbia'', commonly known as bloodwoods, is a genus of about one hundred species of tree that, along with ''Eucalyptus'', ''Angophora'' and several smaller groups, are referred to as eucalypts. Until 1990, corymbias were included in the genus ''Eucalyptus'' and there is still considerable disagreement among botanists as to whether separating them is valid. As of January 2020, ''Corymbia'' is an accepted name at the Australian Plant Census. Description Eucalypts in the genus ''Corymbia'' are trees, sometimes Mallee (habit), mallee-like, that either have rough, fibrous or flaky bark, or smooth bark that is shed in small flakes or short strips. Young plants and coppice regrowth have leaves that differ from adult leaves. The adult leaves are arranged alternately (strictly disjunct opposite, but appearing alternate), with oil glands. The flower buds are arranged in groups on a branching Peduncle (botany), peduncle, each branch usually with seven buds, but with the Pedicel (botany) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humulus
''Humulus'', hop, is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae. The hop is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Hops are the female flowers (seed cones, strobiles) of the hop species '' H. lupulus''; as a main flavor and aroma ingredient in many beer styles, ''H. lupulus'' is widely cultivated for use by the brewing industry. Description Although frequently referred to in American literature as the hops "vine", it is technically a bine; unlike vines, which use tendrils, suckers, and other appendages for attaching themselves, bines have stout stems with stiff hairs to aid in climbing. In British literature the term “vine” is generally reserved for the grape genus ''Vitis''. ''Humulus'' is described as a twining perennial herbaceous plant which sends up new shoots in early spring and dies back to the cold-hardy rhizome in autumn. Hop shoots grow very rapidly, and at the peak of growth can grow per week. Hop bines climb by wrapping clockwise ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chocolate Liquor
Chocolate liquor (cocoa liquor) is pure cocoa mass (cocoa paste) in solid or semi-solid form. Like the cocoa beans (nibs) from which it is produced, it contains both cocoa solids and cocoa butter in roughly equal proportion. It is produced from cocoa beans that have been fermented, dried, roasted, and separated from their skins. The beans are ground into cocoa mass (cocoa paste). The mass is melted to become the liquor, and the liquor is either separated into cocoa solids and cocoa butter, or cooled and molded into blocks of raw chocolate. Its main use (often with additional cocoa butter) is in making chocolate. The name ''liquor'' is used not in the sense of a distilled, alcoholic substance, but rather the older meaning of the word, meaning 'liquid' or 'fluid'. Chocolate liquor contains roughly 53 percent cocoa butter (fat), about 17 percent carbohydrates, 11 percent protein, 6 percent tannins, and 1.5 percent theobromine.Wolke, Robert L. (2005). '' What Einstein Told His ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kola Nut
The term kola nut usually refers to the seeds of certain species of plant of the genus ''Cola'', placed formerly in the cocoa family Sterculiaceae and now usually subsumed in the mallow family Malvaceae (as subfamily Sterculioideae). These cola species are trees native to the tropical rainforests of Africa. Their caffeine-containing seeds are used as flavoring ingredients in beverages applied to various carbonated soft drinks, from which the name ''cola'' originates. General description The kola nut is a caffeine-containing nut of evergreen trees of the genus ''Cola'', primarily of the species ''Cola acuminata'' and ''Cola nitida''. ''Cola acuminata'', an evergreen tree about 20 meters in height, has long, ovoid leaves pointed at both the ends with a leathery texture. The trees have cream flowers with purplish-brown striations, and star-shaped fruit consisting of usually 5 follicles. Inside each follicle, about a dozen prismatic seeds develop in a white seed-shell. The nut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Tormentil
''Potentilla erecta'' (syn. ''Tormentilla erecta'', ''Potentilla laeta'', ''Potentilla tormentilla'', known as the (common) tormentil, septfoil or erect cinquefoil ) is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the rose family (Rosaceae). Description ''Potentilla erecta'' is a low, clump-forming plant with slender, procumbent to arcuately upright stalks, growing tall and with non-rooting runners. It grows wild predominantly in Europe and western Asia mostly on acid soils and in a wide variety of habitats such as mountains, heaths, meadows, sandy soils and dunes. This plant flowers from May to August/September. There is one yellow, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potentilla Erecta - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-248
''Potentilla'' is a genus containing over 300Guillén, A., et al. (2005)Reproductive biology of the Iberian species of ''Potentilla'' L. (Rosaceae).''Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid'' 1(62) 9–21. species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae. Potentillas may also be called cinquefoils in English, but they have also been called five fingers and silverweeds. Some species are called tormentils, though this is often used specifically for common tormentil (''P. erecta''). Others are referred to as barren strawberries, which may also refer to '' P. sterilis'' in particular, or to the closely related ''Waldsteinia fragarioides''. Several other cinquefoils formerly included here are now separated in distinct genera - notably the popular garden shrub ''P. fruticosa'', now ''Dasiphora fruticosa''. Potentillas are generally found throughout the northern continents of the world (holarctic), though some occur in montane biomes of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cuscuta Europaea
''Cuscuta europaea'', the greater dodder or European dodder, is a parasitic plant native to Europe, which belongs to the family Convolvulaceae, but was formerly classified in the family Cuscutaceae. It grows on Asteraceae, Cannabaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Fabaceae, Urticaceae and other herbaceous plants, including garden plants such as ''Coleus'' and ''Impatiens'', and more occasionally on '' Humulus''. It is a notable parasite of lucerne (''Medicago sativa''). In many regions, including the Nepal Eastern Himalayas, this species are used as traditional medicine to treat hepatic diseases. Description The long thin stems of ''C. europaea'' are yellowish or reddish. They have an inflorescence that is produced laterally along the stems, the flowers are arranged in compact glomerules with few to many flowers. The pedicels are up to long. The 1.5 mm calyx is cup-shaped with 4 or 5 sepals that are triangular-ovate in shape. The corolla is pink, with 4 or sometime 5 lobes. The co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quercitron
Quercitron is a yellow natural dye obtained from the bark of the Eastern Black Oak (''Quercus velutina''), a forest tree indigenous in North America. It was formerly called Dutch pink, English pink, or Italian pink. The name is a shortened form of quercicitron, from Latin ''quercus'', oak, and ''citron'', lemon, and was invented by Edward Bancroft (1744–1821), who by act of parliament in 1785 was granted special privileges in regard to the importation and use of the substance. The dyestuff is prepared by grinding the bark in mills after it has been freed from its black epidermal layer, and sifting the product to separate the fibrous matter, the fine yellow powder which remains forming the quercitron of commerce. The ruddy-orange decoction of quercitron contains quercitannic acid, whence its use in tanning, and an active dyeing principle, quercitrin, C21H20O11. The latter substance is a glycoside, and in aqueous solution under the influence of mineral acids it yields quercet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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