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Peduovirus
''Peduovirus'' (also known as P2-like phages and P2-like viruses) is a genus of viruses in the order ''Caudovirales'', in the family ''Myoviridae'', in the subfamily '' Peduovirinae''. Bacteria serve as natural hosts, with transmission achieved through passive diffusion. There are 15 species in this genus. Taxonomy The following species are recognized: *'' Citrobacter virus R18C'' *'' Escherichia virus 12474III'' *'' Escherichia virus fiAA91ss'' *'' Escherichia virus magyaro'' *''Escherichia virus P2'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-2H1'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-2H4'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-4A7b'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-4B2'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-4C9'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-4E6b'' *'' Escherichia virus pro147'' *'' Escherichia virus pro483'' *'' Escherichia virus Wphi'' *'' Yersinia virus L413C'' Structure Peduoviruses are nonenveloped, with a head and tail. The icosahedral head is approximately 60 nm in diameter and a dextral symmetry (T=7), composed of 72 capsomers. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escherichia Virus Wphi
''Escherichia virus Wphi'' is a virus of the family '' Myoviridae'', genus ''Peduovirus''. As a member of the group I of the Baltimore classification, ''Escherichia virus Wphi'' is a dsDNA viruses. All the members of family Myoviridae share a nonenveloped morphology consisting of a head and a tail separated by a neck. Its genome is linear. The propagation of the virions includes the attaching to a host cell (a bacterium, as ''Escherichia virus Wphi'' is a bacteriophage A bacteriophage (), also known informally as a ''phage'' (), is a duplodnaviria virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea. The term was derived from "bacteria" and the Greek φαγεῖν ('), meaning "to devour". Bacteri ...) and the injection of the double stranded DNA; the host transcribes and translates it to manufacture new particles. To replicate its genetic content requires host cell DNA polymerases and, hence, the process is highly dependent on the cell cycle. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yersinia Virus L413C
''Yersinia virus L413C'' is a virus of the family Myoviridae, genus ''Peduovirus''. As a member of the group I of the Baltimore classification, ''Yersinia virus L413C'' is a dsDNA viruses. All the family Myoviridae members share a nonenveloped morphology consisting of a head and a tail separated by a neck. Its genome is linear. The propagation of the virions includes the attaching to a host cell (a bacterium, as ''Yersinia virus L413C'' is a bacteriophage A bacteriophage (), also known informally as a ''phage'' (), is a duplodnaviria virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea. The term was derived from "bacteria" and the Greek φαγεῖν ('), meaning "to devour". Bacteri ...) and the injection of the double stranded DNA; the host transcribes and translates it to manufacture new particles. To replicate its genetic content requires host cell DNA polymerases and, hence, the process is highly dependent on the cell cycle. The protein H of the tail fib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escherichia Virus P2
Bacteriophage P2, scientific name ''Escherichia virus P2'', is a temperate phage that infects ''E. coli''. It is a tailed virus with a contractile sheath and is thus classified in the genus '' Peduovirus'' (formerly ''P2likevirus''), subfamily '' Peduovirinae'', family ''Myoviridae'' within order ''Caudovirales''. This genus of viruses includes many P2-like phages as well as the satellite phage P4. Discovery Bacteriophage P2 was first isolated by G. Bertani from the Lisbonne and Carrère strain of ''E. coli'' in 1951. Since that time, a large number of P2-like prophages (e.g. 186, HP1, HK239, and WΦ) have been isolated that shared characters such as host range, serological relatedness and inability to recombine with phage λ, and they seemed to be quite common in ''E. coli'' populations as about 30% of the strains in the ''E. coli'' reference collection (SABC) contain P2-like prophages . Of these P2-like prophages is P2 best characterized. The P2 phage was found to be able to m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peduovirinae
''Peduovirinae'' is a subfamily of viruses in the order ''Caudovirales'', in the family ''Myoviridae''. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are 76 species in this subfamily, assigned to 31 genera. Taxonomy The following genera are recognized: * '' Aresaunavirus'' * '' Baylorvirus'' * '' Bielevirus'' * '' Canoevirus'' * '' Catalunyavirus'' * '' Citexvirus'' * '' Eganvirus'' * '' Entnonagintavirus'' * '' Felsduovirus'' * '' Hpunavirus'' * '' Irrigatiovirus'' * '' Irtavirus'' * '' Kisquattuordecimvirus'' * '' Kisquinquevirus'' * '' Longwoodvirus'' * '' Nampongvirus'' * '' Novemvirus'' * ''Peduovirus ''Peduovirus'' (also known as P2-like phages and P2-like viruses) is a genus of viruses in the order ''Caudovirales'', in the family ''Myoviridae'', in the subfamily '' Peduovirinae''. Bacteria serve as natural hosts, with transmission achieved t ...'' * '' Phitrevirus'' * '' Playavirus'' * '' Reginaelenavirus'' * '' Reipivirus'' * '' Senquatrovirus'' * '' Seongnamvirus'' * '' Simp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virus
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,Dimmock p. 4 more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology. When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or ''virions'', consisting of (i) the genetic material, i. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escherichia Virus P2-4C9
''Escherichia'' () is a genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae. In those species which are inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tracts of warm-blooded animals, ''Escherichia'' species provide a portion of the microbially derived vitamin K for their host. A number of the species of ''Escherichia'' are pathogenic. The genus is named after Theodor Escherich, the discoverer of ''Escherichia coli''. ''Escherichia'' are facultative aerobes, with both aerobic and anaerobic growth, and an optimum temperature of 37 °C. ''Escherichia'' are usually motile by flagella, produce gas from fermentable carbohydrates, and do not decarboxylate lysine or hydrolyze arginine. Species include '' E. albertii'', '' E. fergusonii'', '' E. hermannii'', '' E. marmotae'' and most notably, the model organism and clinically relevant ''E. coli''. ''Shimwellia blattae'' was formerly classified in this genus. Pathogenesis While ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chirality
Chirality is a property of asymmetry important in several branches of science. The word ''chirality'' is derived from the Greek (''kheir''), "hand", a familiar chiral object. An object or a system is ''chiral'' if it is distinguishable from its mirror image; that is, it cannot be superimposed onto it. Conversely, a mirror image of an ''achiral'' object, such as a sphere, cannot be distinguished from the object. A chiral object and its mirror image are called ''enantiomorphs'' (Greek, "opposite forms") or, when referring to molecules, '' enantiomers''. A non-chiral object is called ''achiral'' (sometimes also ''amphichiral'') and can be superposed on its mirror image. The term was first used by Lord Kelvin in 1893 in the second Robert Boyle Lecture at the Oxford University Junior Scientific Club which was published in 1894: Human hands are perhaps the most recognized example of chirality. The left hand is a non-superimposable mirror image of the right hand; no matter ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viral Envelope
A viral envelope is the outermost layer of many types of viruses. It protects the genetic material in their life cycle when traveling between host cells. Not all viruses have envelopes. Numerous human pathogenic viruses in circulation are encased in lipid bilayers, and they infect their target cells by causing the viral envelope and cell membrane to fuse. Although there are effective vaccines against some of these viruses, there is no preventative or curative medicine for the majority of them. In most cases, the known vaccines operate by inducing antibodies that prevent the pathogen from entering cells. This happens in the case of enveloped viruses when the antibodies bind to the viral envelope proteins. The membrane fusion event that triggers viral entrance is caused by the viral fusion protein. Many enveloped viruses only have one protein visible on the surface of the particle, which is required for both mediating adhesion to the cell surface and for the subsequent membrane fusi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escherichia Virus Pro483
''Escherichia'' () is a genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae. In those species which are inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tracts of warm-blooded animals, ''Escherichia'' species provide a portion of the microbially derived vitamin K for their host. A number of the species of ''Escherichia'' are pathogenic. The genus is named after Theodor Escherich, the discoverer of ''Escherichia coli''. ''Escherichia'' are facultative aerobes, with both aerobic and anaerobic growth, and an optimum temperature of 37 °C. ''Escherichia'' are usually motile by flagella, produce gas from fermentable carbohydrates, and do not decarboxylate lysine or hydrolyze arginine. Species include '' E. albertii'', '' E. fergusonii'', '' E. hermannii'', '' E. marmotae'' and most notably, the model organism and clinically relevant ''E. coli''. ''Shimwellia blattae'' was formerly classified in this genus. Pathogenesis While ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escherichia Virus Pro147
''Escherichia'' () is a genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae. In those species which are inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tracts of warm-blooded animals, ''Escherichia'' species provide a portion of the microbially derived vitamin K for their host. A number of the species of ''Escherichia'' are pathogenic. The genus is named after Theodor Escherich, the discoverer of ''Escherichia coli''. ''Escherichia'' are facultative aerobes, with both aerobic and anaerobic growth, and an optimum temperature of 37 °C. ''Escherichia'' are usually motile by flagella, produce gas from fermentable carbohydrates, and do not decarboxylate lysine or hydrolyze arginine. Species include '' E. albertii'', '' E. fergusonii'', '' E. hermannii'', '' E. marmotae'' and most notably, the model organism and clinically relevant ''E. coli''. ''Shimwellia blattae'' was formerly classified in this genus. Pathogenesis While ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escherichia Virus P2-4E6b
''Escherichia'' () is a genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae. In those species which are inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tracts of warm-blooded animals, ''Escherichia'' species provide a portion of the microbially derived vitamin K for their host. A number of the species of ''Escherichia'' are pathogenic. The genus is named after Theodor Escherich, the discoverer of ''Escherichia coli''. ''Escherichia'' are facultative aerobes, with both aerobic and anaerobic growth, and an optimum temperature of 37 °C. ''Escherichia'' are usually motile by flagella, produce gas from fermentable carbohydrates, and do not decarboxylate lysine or hydrolyze arginine. Species include '' E. albertii'', '' E. fergusonii'', '' E. hermannii'', '' E. marmotae'' and most notably, the model organism and clinically relevant ''E. coli''. ''Shimwellia blattae'' was formerly classified in this genus. Pathogenesis While ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escherichia Virus P2-4A7b
''Escherichia'' () is a genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria from the family Enterobacteriaceae. In those species which are inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tracts of warm-blooded animals, ''Escherichia'' species provide a portion of the microbially derived vitamin K for their host. A number of the species of ''Escherichia'' are pathogenic. The genus is named after Theodor Escherich, the discoverer of ''Escherichia coli''. ''Escherichia'' are facultative aerobes, with both aerobic and anaerobic growth, and an optimum temperature of 37 °C. ''Escherichia'' are usually motile by flagella, produce gas from fermentable carbohydrates, and do not decarboxylate lysine or hydrolyze arginine. Species include '' E. albertii'', '' E. fergusonii'', '' E. hermannii'', '' E. marmotae'' and most notably, the model organism and clinically relevant ''E. coli''. ''Shimwellia blattae'' was formerly classified in this genus. Pathogenesis While ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
