''Peduovirus'' (also known as P2-like phages and P2-like viruses) is a genus of

virus A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1 ...

es in the order ''

Caudovirales ''Caudovirales'' is an order of viruses known as the tailed bacteriophages (''cauda'' is Latin for "tail"). Under the Baltimore classification scheme, the ''Caudovirales'' are group I viruses as they have double stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes, ...

'', in the family ''

Myoviridae ''Myoviridae'' is a family of bacteriophages in the order ''Caudovirales''. Bacteria and archaea serve as natural hosts. There are 625 species in this family, assigned to eight subfamilies and 217 genera. Subdivisions The subfamily ''Tevenvirinae ...

'', in the subfamily '' Peduovirinae''. Bacteria serve as natural hosts, with transmission achieved through passive diffusion. There are 15 species in this genus.

Taxonomy

The following species are recognized: *'' Citrobacter virus R18C'' *'' Escherichia virus 12474III'' *'' Escherichia virus fiAA91ss'' *'' Escherichia virus magyaro'' *''

Escherichia virus P2 Bacteriophage P2, scientific name ''Escherichia virus P2'', is a temperate phage that infects ''E. coli''. It is a tailed virus with a contractile sheath and is thus classified in the genus '' Peduovirus'' (formerly ''P2likevirus''), subfamily '' ...

'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-2H1'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-2H4'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-4A7b'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-4B2'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-4C9'' *'' Escherichia virus P2-4E6b'' *'' Escherichia virus pro147'' *'' Escherichia virus pro483'' *'' Escherichia virus Wphi'' *'' Yersinia virus L413C''

Structure

Peduoviruses are

nonenveloped A viral envelope is the outermost layer of many types of viruses. It protects the genetic material in their life cycle when traveling between host cells. Not all viruses have envelopes. Numerous human pathogenic viruses in circulation are encase ...

, with a head and tail. The icosahedral head is approximately 60 nm in diameter and a

dextral Sinistral and dextral, in some scientific fields, are the two types of chirality ("handedness") or relative direction. The terms are derived from the Latin words for "left" (''sinister'') and "right" (''dexter''). Other disciplines use different ...

symmetry (T=7), composed of 72 capsomers. The tail is around 135 nm long, 18 nm wide, has 6 short, kinked tail fibers. The tail is enclosed in a sheath, which loosens and slides around the tail core upon contraction.

Genome

Nine of the viruses' genomes have been fully sequenced and are available on NCBI's website (though Salmonella phage Fels-2 is currently listed as unclassified). They range between 30k and 39k nucleotides, with 40 to 51 proteins. Complete genomes, as well as several additional "unclassified" virus genomes, are available a

ref name=NCBI>

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. The virus attaches to the host cell using its tail fibers, and ejects the viral DNA into the host cytoplasm via contraction of its tail sheath. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. Once the viral genes have been replicated, the procapsid is assembled and packed. The tail is then assembled and the mature virions are released via lysis and holin/endolysin/spanin proteins.

History

According to International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, ICTV's 1996 report, the genus ''P2likevirus'' was first accepted under the name ''P2-like phages'' in the family ''

'', unassigned to a sub-family. The genus name was changed to ''P2-like viruses'' in the ICTV 7th Report in 1999. It was moved into the subfamily '' Peduovirinae'' upon its inception in 2010-11. The following year (2012), the genus was renamed to ''P2likevirus''. These reports are available through ICTV here
1996199920102012
The genus was later renamed to ''Peduovirus'.

References

External links

ICTV
{{Use dmy dates, date=April 2017 Peduovirinae Virus genera