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Pedomicrobium
Pedomicrobium is a ubiquitous bacterium dominant in biofilms of man-made aquatic environments such as water distribution systems and bioreactors. Due to their abilities to oxidise manganese (Mn), they are found to be the main culprits of Mn related “dirty water” (Sly et al., 1988a). Taxonomy and ecology of pedomicrobium Taxonomy Based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis, ''Pedomicrobium'' is a bacterium that belongs to the family Hyphomicrobiaceae, within the order of Hyphomicrobiales The ''Hyphomicrobiales'' are an order of Gram-negative Alphaproteobacteria. The rhizobia, which fix nitrogen and are symbiotic with plant roots, appear in several different families. The four families ''Nitrobacteraceae'', ''Hyphomicrobiaceae' ... under the class of Alphaproteobacteria, in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Garrity et al., 2001). There are twenty genera in the family Hyphomicrobiaceae (Williams et al., 1990), of which ''Pedomicrobium'' is most closely related to ''Hyphomicrobium'' and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedomicrobium Americanum
''Pedomicrobium americanum'' is a bacterium from the genus of Pedomicrobium which has been isolated from freshwater in New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ... in the United States. References Further reading * * Hyphomicrobiales Bacteria described in 1988 {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedomicrobium Australicum
''Pedomicrobium australicum'' is a bacterium from the genus of Pedomicrobium Pedomicrobium is a ubiquitous bacterium dominant in biofilms of man-made aquatic environments such as water distribution systems and bioreactors. Due to their abilities to oxidise manganese (Mn), they are found to be the main culprits of Mn relat .... References Further reading * Hyphomicrobiales Bacteria described in 1988 {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedomicrobium Ferrugineum
''Pedomicrobium ferrugineum'' is a rod-shaped, aerobic to microaerophillic bacterium from the genus of Pedomicrobium with one polar or supolar flagellum. ''Pedomicrobium ferrugineum'' has been isolated from podzolic soil in north Germany Northern Germany (german: link=no, Norddeutschland) is a linguistic, geographic, socio-cultural and historic region in the northern part of Germany which includes the coastal states of Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Lower Saxony an ... References Further reading * Hyphomicrobiales Bacteria described in 1961 {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedomicrobium Manganicum
''Pedomicrobium manganicum'' is a bacterium from the genus of Pedomicrobium which was isolated from quartzite rock pool in France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac .... ''Pedomicrobium manganicum'' has the ability to bind MnO2 References Further reading * * * Hyphomicrobiales Bacteria described in 1961 {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyphomicrobiaceae
The Hyphomicrobiaceae are a family of bacteria. Among others, they include ''Rhodomicrobium'', a genus of purple bacteria. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclature ... (LPSN). The phylogeny is based on whole-genome analysis. References Hyphomicrobiales {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manganese
Manganese is a chemical element with the symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is a hard, brittle, silvery metal, often found in minerals in combination with iron. Manganese is a transition metal with a multifaceted array of industrial alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels. It improves strength, workability, and resistance to wear. Manganese oxide is used as an oxidising agent; as a rubber additive; and in glass making, fertilisers, and ceramics. Manganese sulfate can be used as a fungicide. Manganese is also an essential human dietary element, important in macronutrient metabolism, bone formation, and free radical defense systems. It is a critical component in dozens of proteins and enzymes. It is found mostly in the bones, but also the liver, kidneys, and brain. In the human brain, the manganese is bound to manganese metalloproteins, most notably glutamine synthetase in astrocytes. Manganese was first isolated in 1774. It is familiar in the laboratory in the form of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenotypic Switching
Phenotypic switching is switching between multiple cellular morphologies. David R. Soll described two such systems: the first high frequency switching system between several morphological stages and a second high frequency switching system between opaque and white cells. The latter is an epigenetic switching system Phenotypic switching in ''Candida albicans'' is often used to refer to the epigenetic white-to-opaque switching system. ''C. albicans'' needs this switch for sexual mating. Next to the two above mentioned switching systems many other switching systems are known in ''C. albicans''. A second example occurs in melanoma, where malignantly transformed pigment cells switch back-and-forth between phenotypes of proliferation and invasion in response to changing microenvironments, driving metastatic progression. See also *Polyphenism A polyphenic trait is a trait for which multiple, discrete phenotypes can arise from a single genotype as a result of differing environmental c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Budding Hyphal
Budding or blastogenesis is a type of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site. For example, the small bulb-like projection coming out from the yeast cell is known as a bud. Since the reproduction is asexual, the newly created organism is a clone and excepting mutations is genetically identical to the parent organism. Organisms such as hydra use regenerative cells for reproduction in the process of budding. In hydra, a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at one specific site. These buds develop into tiny individuals and, when fully mature, detach from the parent body and become new independent individuals. Internal budding or endodyogeny is a process of asexual reproduction, favored by parasites such as ''Toxoplasma gondii''. It involves an unusual process in which two daughter cells are produced inside a mother cell, which is then consumed by the offspring prior to their se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filomicrobium
''Filomicrobium'' is a genus of bacteria from the family of Hyphomicrobiaceae The Hyphomicrobiaceae are a family of bacteria. Among others, they include ''Rhodomicrobium'', a genus of purple bacteria. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature Lis ... which was first described in 1987 by Schlesner References Hyphomicrobiales Bacteria genera {{Hyphomicrobiales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyphomicrobium
''Hyphomicrobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria from the family of Hyphomicrobiaceae. It has a large polar or sub-polar filiform prostheca very similar to that of ''Caulobacter''. In addition to having a nutritional function, the prostheca also plays a role in the initiation of DNA replication. Reproduction in ''Hyphomicrobium'' begins when its hyphal filament (prostheca) grows from one end of the cell (this happens when the cell no longer has a flagellum) and the bud grows from the tip of the prostheca that eventually differentiates into a new swarmer cell. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclature ... (LPSN). The phylogeny ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria
Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria are vital in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, such as hydrogen sulphide and methane, to energy. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bioreactors
A bioreactor refers to any manufactured device or system that supports a biologically active environment. In one case, a bioreactor is a vessel in which a chemical reaction, chemical process is carried out which involves organisms or biochemistry, biochemically active chemical substance, substances derived from such organisms. This process can either be Aerobic organism, aerobic or Anaerobic organism, anaerobic. These bioreactors are commonly cylindrical, ranging in size from litres to cubic metres, and are often made of stainless steel. It may also refer to a device or system designed to grow Cell (biology), cells or Biological tissue, tissues in the context of cell culture. These devices are being developed for use in tissue engineering or biochemical engineering, biochemical/bioprocess engineering, bioprocess engineering. On the basis of mode of operation, a bioreactor may be classified as batch reactor, batch, fed-batch, fed batch or continuous reactor, continuous (e.g. a conti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
