|
Parmacellidae
Parmacellidae is a family of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks within the superfamily Parmacelloidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). This family has no subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). Slugs in this family make and use love darts made of chitin. Distribution The distribution of the family Parmacellidae includes the western Palearctic, and ranges from the Canary Islands and Europe to Afghanistan. ** subgenus '' Levanderiella'' Schileyko, 2007Schileyko A. A. (2007). "''Levanderiella'', a new name for ''Levanderia'' Likharev et Wiktor, 1980 (Pulmonata, Parmacellidae)". ''Ruthenica'' 17(1-2): 84PDF * '' Cryptella'' Webb & Berthelot, 1833Parmacellidae |
Cryptella
''Cryptella'' is a genus of small-shelled slugs in the family Parmacellidae. Species Species in the genus ''Cryptella'' include: * '' Cryptella alegranzae'' Hutterer & Groh, 1991"''Cryptella'' Webb & Berthelot 1833" Fauna Europaea Fauna Europaea is a database of the scientific names and distribution of all living multicellular Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight o ... , accessed 1 September.
* '' [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptella Canariensis
''Cryptella canariensis'' , accessed 1 September. is a of air-breathing land semislug with a small , a [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Candaharia
''Candaharia'' is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Parmacellidae Parmacellidae is a family of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks within the superfamily Parmacelloidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005). This family has no subfamilies (ac ....Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V. (published online on December 22, 2009). "Catalogue of the continental mollusks of Russia and adjacent territories"Version 2.3./ref> Species Species within the genus ''Candaharia'' include: subgenus ''Candaharia'' * '' Candaharia rutellum'' (Hutton, 1849) - type species subgenus '' Levanderiella'' Schileyko, 2007Schileyko A. A. (2007). "''Levanderiella'', a new name for ''Levanderia'' Likharev et Wiktor, 1980 (Pulmonata, Parmacellidae)". ''Ruthenica'' 17(1-2): 84PDF * '' Candaharia levanderi'' (Simroth, 1901) subgenus ? * '' Candaharia aethiops'' (Westerl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Love Darts
A love dart (also known as a gypsobelum, shooting darts, or just as darts) is a sharp, calcareous or chitinous dart which some hermaphroditic land snails and slugs create. Love darts are both formed and stored internally in a dart sac. These darts are made in sexually mature animals only, and are used as part of the sequence of events during courtship, before actual mating takes place. Darts are quite large compared to the size of the animal: in the case of the semi-slug genus ''Parmarion'', the length of a dart can be up to one fifth that of the semi-slug's foot. The process of using love darts in snails is a form of sexual selection. Prior to copulation, each of the two snails (or slugs) attempts to "shoot" one (or more) darts into the other snail (or slug). There is no organ to receive the dart; this action is more analogous to stabbing, or to being shot with an arrow or flechette. The dart does not fly through the air to reach its target, but is "fired" as a contact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limacoid Clade
The Limacoidei is a taxonomic infraorder of air-breathing land snails, semislugs and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the suborder Helicina Distribution The original ancestral area of limacoid families is thought to be the Palearctic region and south-eastern Asia. Etymology The word "limacoid" means "resembling a slug". Typography of the name In 1998, for the same taxon, Hausdorf used the name Limacoidea sensu lato. The name of this taxon, the limacoid clade, was written by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) with quotation marks like this: "limacoid clade". Other typographical variants are used by various other authors, for example capitalizing and restricting the use of the quote marks thus: "Limacoid" clade and "Limacoid clade". 2003 taxonomy by Schileyko The study of A. Schileyko in this group, published in parts 8–11 of his monograph between 2002 and 2003, did not discuss the system that Hausdorf had proposed. However, Schileyko refers to the work of Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parmacelloidea
Parmacelloidea is a superfamily of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Stylommatophora and the informal group Pulmonata. These are limacoid or keelback slugs. Families Families within the superfamily Parmacelloidea include: * Parmacellidae * Milacidae * Trigonochlamydidae Cladogram The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of this superfamily to the other superfamilies and families within the limacoid clade:Hausdorf B. (March 2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". ''Journal of Biogeography The ''Journal of Biogeography'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in biogeography that was established in 1974. It covers aspects of spatial, ecological, and historical biogeography. The founding editor-in-chief was David Watts, followed by J ...'' 27(2): 379-390. JSTOR References {{Taxonbar, from=Q1645540 Stylommatophora Gastrop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parmacella Valenciennii
''Parmacella valenciennii'' is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Parmacellidae. Distribution The distribution of ''Parmacella valenciennii'' includes: * Southern Portugal (south of Lisboa), It is very abundant in Alentejo. * Spain * Isolated area(s) in southern France Description The animal is brownish red to brownish olive, with black bands on the mantle. Adult specimens are lighter. The body is sharply keeled in the posterior section. The mantle length in young animals is about 3/4 of the body length. The mantle is rounded in the anterior part and pointed in posterior part. The animal is up to 100 mm long, usually 70–80 mm long and 20 mm in width. The shell is yellow, triangular, fragile and flat, with 1.5 whorls. The length of the shell is 15 mm, 9 mm in width and 2–3 mm high. ''Parmacella valenciennii'' differs anatomically from all other ''Parmacella'' species by a single ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slug
Slug, or land slug, is a common name for any apparently shell-less terrestrial gastropod mollusc. The word ''slug'' is also often used as part of the common name of any gastropod mollusc that has no shell, a very reduced shell, or only a small internal shell, particularly sea slugs and semislugs (this is in contrast to the common name ''snail'', which applies to gastropods that have a coiled shell large enough that they can fully retract their soft parts into it). Various taxonomic families of land slugs form part of several quite different evolutionary lineages, which also include snails. Thus, the various families of slugs are not closely related, despite a superficial similarity in the overall body form. The shell-less condition has arisen many times independently as an example of convergent evolution, and thus the category "slug" is polyphyletic. Taxonomy Of the six orders of Pulmonata, two – the Onchidiacea and Soleolifera – solely comprise slugs. A third family, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Non-marine Molluscs Of The Canary Islands
The non-marine molluscs of the Canary Islands are a part of the molluscan fauna of the Canary Islands. A number of species of non-marine molluscs are found in the wild in Canary Islands. Freshwater gastropods Hydrobiidae * '' Pseudamnicola canariensis'' Glöer & Reuselaars, 2020 - endemic to Gran Canaria Thiaridae * '' Melanoides tuberculatus'' (O. F. Müller, 1774)Núñez Brito, L.; Núñez Fraga, J. (2010). "Mollusca". In: Arechavaleta, M.; Rodríguez, S.; Zurita, N.; García, A. (Eds.). ''Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias. Hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2009''. Gobierno de Canarias Lymnaeidae * ''Galba truncatula'' (O. F. Müller, 1774) - probably non-indigenous * ''Pseudosuccinea columella'' (Say, 1817) Physidae * ''Physella acuta'' (Draparnaud, 1805) - probably non-indigenous Planorbidae * '' Ancylus striatus'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1833 - endemic to the Canary Islands * '' Gyraulus clymene'' (Shuttleworth, 1852) - endemic to La Palma and Tenerife * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxonomy Of The Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)
The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised in 2005 by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is a system for the scientific classification of gastropod mollusks. (Gastropods are a taxonomic class of animals which consists of snails and slugs of every kind, from the land, from freshwater, and from saltwater.) The paper setting out this taxonomy was published in the journal ''Malacologia''. The system encompasses both living and extinct groups, as well as some fossils whose classification as gastropods is uncertain. The Bouchet & Rocroi system was the first complete gastropod taxonomy that primarily employed the concept of clades, and was derived from research on molecular phylogenetics; in this context a clade is a "natural grouping" of organisms based upon a statistical cluster analysis. In contrast, most of the previous overall taxonomic schemes for gastropods relied on morphological features to classify these animals, and used taxon ranks such as order, superorder ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Non-marine Molluscs Of Afghanistan
The non-marine molluscs of Afghanistan are a part of the wildlife of Afghanistan. Afghanistan is land-locked and has no marine molluscs, only land and freshwater species, including snails, slugs, and freshwater bivalves. The molluscan fauna of the country is poorly known and contains over 70 molluscan taxa. History of malacozoology of Afghanistan The earliest reports on Afghanistan molluscs consists of scattered descriptions of materials gathered on various military expeditions. Only the reports of Thomas Hutton (zoologist) (1834, 1849–1850), who recorded 21 species, and César Marie Félix Ancey (1893), who listed 27 taxa, are at all comprehensive. Nelson Annandale & Baini Prashad (1919) issued a voluminous report on freshwater collections from the southwestern deserts, and Jaeckel (1956) recorded 27 species taken by an Entomology, entomological survey team (see Klapperich, 1954). Jaeckel (1956) summarized previous work, evaluated records, and concluded that there were 37 spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pulmonate
Pulmonata or pulmonates, is an informal group (previously an order, and before that a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group includes many land and freshwater families, and several marine families. The taxon Pulmonata as traditionally defined was found to be polyphyletic in a molecular study per Jörger ''et al.'', dating from 2010. Pulmonata are known from the Carboniferous Period to the present. Pulmonates have a single atrium and kidney, and a concentrated, symmetrical, nervous system. The mantle cavity is located on the right side of the body, and lacks gills, instead being converted into a vascularised lung. Most species have a shell, but no operculum, although the group does also include several shell-less slugs. Pulmonates are hermaphroditic, and some groups possess love darts. Linnean taxonomy The taxonomy of this group according to the taxonomy of the Ga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
