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Pararosaniline
Pararosaniline, Basic Red 9, or C.I. 42500 is an organic compound with the formula H2NC6H4)3Cl. It is a magenta solid with a variety of uses as a dye. It is one of the four components of basic fuchsine. (The others are rosaniline, new fuchsine and magenta II.) It is structurally related to other triarylmethane dyes called methyl violets including crystal violet, which feature methyl groups on nitrogen. It is prepared by the condensation of aniline and para-aminobenzaldehyde. Alternatively, it arises from the oxidation of 4,4'-bis(aminophenyl)methane in the presence of aniline. Uses *It is used to dye polyacrylonitrile fibers. *Pararosaniline is used as a colorimetric test for aldehydes, in the Schiff test. It is the only basic fuchsine component suitable for making the aldehyde-fuchsine stain for pancreatic islet beta cells. *It has use as an Antischistosomal. Related compounds * 4,4'-Thiodianiline * 4,4'-Methylenedianiline * 4,4'-Oxydianiline * Dapsone Dapsone, also kn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crystal Violet
Crystal violet or gentian violet, also known as methyl violet 10B or hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride, is a triarylmethane dye used as a histological stain and in Gram's method of classifying bacteria. Crystal violet has antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic ( vermicide) properties and was formerly important as a topical antiseptic. The medical use of the dye has been largely superseded by more modern drugs, although it is still listed by the World Health Organization. The name ''gentian violet'' was originally used for a mixture of methyl pararosaniline dyes (methyl violet), but is now often considered a synonym for ''crystal violet''. The name refers to its colour, being like that of the petals of certain gentian flowers; it is not made from gentians or violets. Production A number of possible routes can be used to prepare crystal violet. The original procedure developed by the German chemists Kern and Caro involved the reaction of dimethylaniline with phosgene to gi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schiff Test
: The Schiff test is an early organic chemistry named reaction developed by Hugo Schiff, and is a relatively general chemical test for detection of many organic aldehydes that has also found use in the staining of biological tissues. The Schiff reagent is the reaction product of a dye formulation such as fuchsin and sodium bisulfite; pararosaniline (which lacks an aromatic methyl group) and new fuchsin (which is uniformly mono-methylated ''ortho'' to the dye's amine functionalities) are not dye alternatives with comparable detection chemistry. In its use as a qualitative test for aldehydes, the unknown sample is added to the decolorized Schiff reagent; when aldehyde is present a characteristic magenta color develops. Schiff-type reagents are used for various biological tissue staining methods, e.g. Feulgen stain and periodic acid-Schiff stain. Human skin also contains aldehyde functional groups in the termini of saccharides and so is stained as well. Mechanism Fuchsin soluti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuchsine
Fuchsine (sometimes spelled fuchsin) or rosaniline hydrochloride is a magenta dye with chemical formula C20H19N3·HCl."Basic chemical data" ''Discovery Series'' online database, Developmental Therapeutics Program, U.S. National Institutes of Health. Retrieved on 2007-10-08. There are other similar chemical formulations of products sold as fuchsine, and several dozen other synonyms of this molecule. It becomes magenta when dissolved in ; as a , it forms dark |
Rosaniline
Fuchsine (sometimes spelled fuchsin) or rosaniline hydrochloride is a magenta dye with chemical formula C20H19N3·HCl."Basic chemical data" ''Discovery Series'' online database, Developmental Therapeutics Program, U.S. National Institutes of Health. Retrieved on 2007-10-08. There are other similar chemical formulations of products sold as fuchsine, and several dozen other synonyms of this molecule. It becomes magenta when dissolved in ; as a , it forms dark |
New Fuchsine
New fuchsine is an organic compound with the formula H2N(CH3)C6H3)3Cl. It is a green-colored solid that is used as a dye of the triarylmethane class. It is one of the four components of basic fuchsine, and one of the two that are available as single dyes. The other is pararosaniline. It is prepared by condensation of ortho-toluidine with formaldehyde. This process initially gives the benzhydrol 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzhydrol, which is further condensed to give the leuco (colorless) tertiary alcohol [(H2N(CH3)C6H3)3COH, which is oxidized in acid to give the dye. Use as dye and stain New fuchsine is used to dye polyacrylonitrile, paper, and leather. In biology, it can be used for staining (biology), staining acid-fast organisms, e.g. by Ziehl–Neelsen stain, and for making Schiff's reagent. As a primary amine, the dye can be diazotized in the laboratory, and the resulting diazonium salt used as a trapping agent in enzyme histochemistry.Lojda Z, Gossrau R, Schiebler TH ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrochloride
In chemistry, a hydrochloride is an acid salt resulting, or regarded as resulting, from the reaction of hydrochloric acid with an organic base (e.g. an amine). An alternative name is chlorhydrate, which comes from French. An archaic alternative name is muriate, derived from hydrochloric acid's ancient name: muriatic acid. Uses Converting amines into their hydrochlorides is a common way to improve their water solubility, which can be desirable for substances used in medications. The European Pharmacopoeia lists more than 200 hydrochlorides as active ingredients in medications. These hydrochlorides, compared to free bases, may more readily dissolve in the gastrointestinal tract and be absorbed into the bloodstream more quickly. Additionally, many hydrochlorides of amines have a longer shelf-life than their respective free bases. Amine hydrochlorides represent latent forms of a more reactive free base. In this regard, formation of an amine hydrochloride confers protection. This eff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dapsone
Dapsone, also known as 4,4'-sulfonyldianiline (SDA) or diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), is an antibiotic commonly used in combination with rifampicin and clofazimine for the treatment of leprosy. It is a second-line medication for the treatment and prevention of pneumocystis pneumonia and for the prevention of toxoplasmosis in those who have poor immune function. Additionally, it has been used for acne, dermatitis herpetiformis, and various other skin conditions. Dapsone is available both topically and by mouth. Severe side effects may include a decrease in blood cells, red blood cell breakdown especially in those with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G-6-PD), or hypersensitivity. Common side effects include nausea and loss of appetite. Other side effects include liver inflammation, methemoglobinemia, and a number of types of skin rashes. While the safety of use during pregnancy is not entirely clear some physicians recommend that it be continued in those with l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4,4'-Oxydianiline
4,4′-Oxydianiline (ODA) is an organic compound with the formula O( C6 H4 NH2)2. It is an ether derivative of aniline. This colourless solid is a useful monomer and cross-linking agent for polymers, especially the polyimides, such as Kapton. Uses 4,4′-Oxydianiline is used in the production of a wide variety of polymer resins. The primary use lies in the production of polyimide and poly(ester)imide resins. These resins are used for their temperature-resistant properties and are utilized in products including wire enamels, coatings, film, adhesives, insulating varnishes, coated fabrics, flame-retardant fibers, oil sealants and retainers, insulation for cables and printed circuits, and laminates and composite for aerospace vehicles. Other applications of 4,4′-oxydianiline include the production of poly(amide)imide resins (which are used in the manufacture of heat-resistant wire enamels and coatings), as an intermediate in the manufacture of epoxy resins and adhesives, and in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
4,4′-Methylenedianiline (MDA) is an organic compound with the formula CH2(C6H4NH2)2. It is a colorless solid, although commercial samples can appear yellow or brown. It is produced on an industrial scale, mainly as a precursor to polyurethanes. Synthesis and applications In the industrial production, MDA is produced by reaction of formaldehyde and aniline in the presence of hydrochloric acid. MDA is consumed mainly as a precursor to Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI). MDA is treated with phosgene to produce MDI. MDI is a precursor to many polyurethane foams. Lower quantities are used as hardeners in epoxy resins and adhesives, as well as in the production of high-performance polymers. Additionally, hydrogenation of MDA can be performed to produce 4,4,diaminodicyclohexylmethane, which is also used in polymer chemistry. Safety MDA is considered a potential occupational carcinogen by the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The Occupational Safety a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4,4'-Thiodianiline
4,4′-Thiodianiline (TDA) is the organosulfur compound with the formula (H2NC6H4)2S. It is classified as a diamine and a thioether. A colorless solid, it is used as a precursor to dyes. An analogue of TDA is dapsone. Synthesis Sulfur is boiled in excess aniline over several hours to produce three isomers (1,1′; 1,4; 4,4′) of TDA. The same journal documents syntheses of similar and overlapping compounds by Merz and Weith in 1871, and K. A. Hoffman in 1894. A study by Nietzki and Bothof shows indications that including an oxide of lead may maximize the yield of the 4,4′ variant that this page refers to. Uses TDA was used as a chemical intermediate in the production of three dyes: CI mordant yellow 16, milling red G and milling red FR, as well as the medicine Dapsone. TDA has also been used in the synthesis of polyimine vitrimers. Production TDA is no longer produced in the USA. Toxicity TDA has caused mutations in some strains of ''Salmonella typhimurium'' and has ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
