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Pallifera Fosteri
''Pallifera'' is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Philomycidae. Species Species include: *'' Pallifera costaricensis'' (Mörch, 1857) *'' Pallifera dorsalis'' (Binney, 1842) – pale mantleslug * '' Pallifera fosteri'' – Foster mantleslug * ''Pallifera hemphilli'' – black mantleslug * ''Pallifera marmorea'' – marbled mantleslug * ''Pallifera megaphallica'' – woody mantleslug * ''Pallifera ohioensis'' – redfoot mantleslug * ''Pallifera pilsbryi'' – Arizona mantleslug * ''Pallifera ragsdalei'' – whiteface mantleslug * ''Pallifera secreta'' – severed mantleslug * ''Pallifera tournescalis'' – Ouachita mantleslug * '' Pallifera varia'' – variable mantleslug Cladogram A cladogram based on sequences of cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) genes showing phylogenic relations of genera in the family Philomycidae by Tsai & Wu (2008)Tsai C.-L. & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pallifera Pilsbryi
''Pallifera'' is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Philomycidae. Species Species include: *'' Pallifera costaricensis'' (Mörch, 1857) *'' Pallifera dorsalis'' (Binney, 1842) – pale mantleslug * '' Pallifera fosteri'' – Foster mantleslug * ''Pallifera hemphilli'' – black mantleslug * '' Pallifera marmorea'' – marbled mantleslug * '' Pallifera megaphallica'' – woody mantleslug * ''Pallifera ohioensis'' – redfoot mantleslug * '' Pallifera pilsbryi'' – Arizona mantleslug * ''Pallifera ragsdalei'' – whiteface mantleslug * ''Pallifera secreta'' – severed mantleslug * ''Pallifera tournescalis'' – Ouachita mantleslug * '' Pallifera varia'' – variable mantleslug Cladogram A cladogram based on sequences of cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) genes showing phylogenic relations of genera in the family Philomycidae by Tsai & Wu (2008)Tsai C.-L. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deroceras
''Deroceras'' is a Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic genus of small to medium sized air-breathing land slugs in the family Agriolimacidae. Description Most species reach only 30–35 mm in length (max 45 mm). Coloration varies considerably within and between species but common patterns are pale cream, with or without darker flecks (never stripes), and a more uniform light gray or brown to black-brown. Mucus is usually colourless but in some species includes a white deposit when the slug has been disturbed. No keel (slug), keel continues from the tail along the back. The Mantle (mollusc), mantle is large (up to half the body length), containing a shell plate internally. The pneumostome lies in the posterior half of the mantle. Generally external appearance does not reliably distinguish one species from certain others, so species identification requires dissection to reveal the genitalia, unless the local species diversity is known to be low. The taxonomy, anatomy and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arion (gastropod)
''Arion'' is a genus of air-breathing land slugs in the family Arionidae, the roundback slugs. Most species of this Palearctic genus are native to the Iberian Peninsula. Species can be difficult to distinguish from one another upon cursory examination, because individuals of a species can vary in color and there are few obvious differences between taxa. The color of an individual can be influenced by its diet.Jordaens, K., et al. (2001)Food-induced body pigmentation questions the taxonomic value of colour in the self-fertilizing slug ''Carinarion'' spp.''Journal of Molluscan Studies'' 67(2), 161-67. Some ''Arion'' are known as pests, such as ''A. lusitanicus'' auct. non Mabille (= ''A. vulgaris''), which damages agricultural crops and ornamental plants, and ''A. rufus'', a familiar garden pest. ''Arion'' slugs are often transported internationally in shipments of plant products and mushrooms. ''Arion'' slugs have been identified in North America and Australia as invasive species, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megapallifera
''Megapallifera'' is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Philomycidae. Species Species within the genus ''Megapallifera'' include: * ''Megapallifera mutabilis ''Megapallifera mutabilis'', common name the changeable mantleslug, is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Philomycidae. It eats primarily algae, and lives in live trees such as American b ...'' References Nomenclator Zoologicus info Philomycidae {{Philomycidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philomycus
''Philomycus'' is a genus of air-breathing land slugs in the family Philomycidae, the mantleslugs.Capinera, J. L., et alTerrestrial Slugs of Florida (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora).EENY-493 (IN891). Entomology and Nematology. Florida Cooperative Extension Service. University of Florida IFAS. Published 2011, revised 2013. Biology These slugs create and use love darts as part of their mating behavior.Tompa, A. S. (1980). The ultrastructure and mineralogy of the dart from ''Philomycus carolinianus'' (Pulmonata: Gastropoda) with a brief survey of the occurrence of darts in land snails. ''Veliger'' 23, 35-42. Species Species within the genus ''Philomycus'' include: * '' Philomycus batchi'' - dusky mantleslug * '' Philomycus bilineatus'' * '' Philomycus bisdosus'' - grayfoot mantleslug * '' Philomycus cardmensis'' * ''Philomycus carolinianus'' - Carolina mantleslug * '' Philomycus dorsalis'' * ''Philomycus flexuolaris ''Philomycus'' is a genus of air-breathing land slug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meghimatium
''Meghimatium'' is a genus of medium to large air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Philomycidae and the superfamily Arionoidea, the roundback slugs. Species Species within the genus ''Meghimatium'' include: * ''Meghimatium burchi'' Tsai & Wu, 2008 — from Taiwan * ''Meghimatium bilineatum'' (Benson, 1842) — from Taiwan * ''Meghimatium fruhstorferi ''Meghimatium fruhstorferi'' is a species of medium to large air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Philomycidae and the superfamily Arionacea, the roundback slugs. Distribution Its distribution is Japan ...'' (Collinge, 1901) — from Taiwan * '' Meghimatium pictum'' (Stoliczka, 1873) — from Taiwan * '' Meghimatium rugosum'' (Chen & Gao, 1982) — from Taiwan * '' Meghimatium striatum'' Hasselt, 1824 — from Java * '' Meghimatium uniforme'' Laidlaw, 1937 — from North Borneo References Further reading * Tsai C. L., Lin H. H. & Wu S. K. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Main Subunit Of Cytochrome C Oxidase
Cytochrome c oxidase I (COX1) also known as mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase I (MT-CO1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MT-CO1'' gene. In other eukaryotes, the gene is called ''COX1'', ''CO1'', or ''COI''. Cytochrome c oxidase I is the main subunit of the cytochrome c oxidase complex. Mutations in MT-CO1 have been associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia, Complex IV deficiency, colorectal cancer, sensorineural deafness, and recurrent myoglobinuria. Structure One of 37 mitochondrial genes, the ''MT-CO1'' gene is located from nucleotide pairs 5904 to 7444 on the guanine-rich heavy (H) section of mtDNA. The gene product is a 57 kDa protein composed of 513 amino acids. Function Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO1 or MT-CO1) is one of three mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encoded subunits (MT-CO1, MT-CO2, MT-CO3) of respiratory complex IV. Complex IV is the third and final enzyme of the electron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladogram
A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants, nor does it show how much they have changed, so many differing evolutionary trees can be consistent with the same cladogram. A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade, a group of organisms with a last common ancestor. There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines. The lines can be traced back to where they branch off. These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor (not an actual entity) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it. This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features, adaptation, and other evolutionary narratives about ance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pallifera Varia
''Pallifera'' is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Philomycidae. Species Species include: *''Pallifera costaricensis'' (Mörch, 1857) *''Pallifera dorsalis'' (Binney, 1842) – pale mantleslug * ''Pallifera fosteri'' – Foster mantleslug * ''Pallifera hemphilli'' – black mantleslug * ''Pallifera marmorea'' – marbled mantleslug * ''Pallifera megaphallica'' – woody mantleslug * ''Pallifera ohioensis'' – redfoot mantleslug * ''Pallifera pilsbryi'' – Arizona mantleslug * ''Pallifera ragsdalei'' – whiteface mantleslug * ''Pallifera secreta'' – severed mantleslug * ''Pallifera tournescalis'' – Ouachita mantleslug * '' Pallifera varia'' – variable mantleslug Cladogram A cladogram based on sequences of cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) genes showing phylogenic relations of genera in the family Philomycidae by Tsai & Wu (2008)Tsai C.-L. & Wu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pallifera Tournescalis
''Pallifera'' is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Philomycidae. Species Species include: *'' Pallifera costaricensis'' (Mörch, 1857) *'' Pallifera dorsalis'' (Binney, 1842) – pale mantleslug * '' Pallifera fosteri'' – Foster mantleslug * ''Pallifera hemphilli'' – black mantleslug * '' Pallifera marmorea'' – marbled mantleslug * '' Pallifera megaphallica'' – woody mantleslug * ''Pallifera ohioensis'' – redfoot mantleslug * '' Pallifera pilsbryi'' – Arizona mantleslug * '' Pallifera ragsdalei'' – whiteface mantleslug * '' Pallifera secreta'' – severed mantleslug * '' Pallifera tournescalis'' – Ouachita mantleslug * '' Pallifera varia'' – variable mantleslug Cladogram A cladogram based on sequences of cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) genes showing phylogenic relations of genera in the family Philomycidae by Tsai & Wu (2008)Tsai C. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pallifera Secreta
''Pallifera'' is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Philomycidae. Species Species include: *'' Pallifera costaricensis'' (Mörch, 1857) *'' Pallifera dorsalis'' (Binney, 1842) – pale mantleslug * '' Pallifera fosteri'' – Foster mantleslug * ''Pallifera hemphilli'' – black mantleslug * '' Pallifera marmorea'' – marbled mantleslug * '' Pallifera megaphallica'' – woody mantleslug * ''Pallifera ohioensis'' – redfoot mantleslug * '' Pallifera pilsbryi'' – Arizona mantleslug * '' Pallifera ragsdalei'' – whiteface mantleslug * '' Pallifera secreta'' – severed mantleslug * ''Pallifera tournescalis'' – Ouachita mantleslug * '' Pallifera varia'' – variable mantleslug Cladogram A cladogram based on sequences of cytochrome-c oxidase I (COI) genes showing phylogenic relations of genera in the family Philomycidae by Tsai & Wu (2008)Tsai C.- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
