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Osmotherium
''Osmotherium'' is an extinct genus of skunk from Pleistocene North America. it contains a single species, ''Osmotherium spelaeum''. The genus name, ''Osmotherium'', hails from Aincient Greek, ''osmḗ'', "smell"; and ''therium'', "beast"; meaning smelly beast. The species name, ''spelaeum'', Latin for "cave", in reference to the sole locality which its remains have been found in, Port Kennedy Bone Cave. While fragmentary, ''Osmotherium spelaeum'''s jaws are the most prominent of any other Mephitid in the locality, with Cope himself describing 6 different specimens, although attributing some to '' Mephitis'', ''Brachyprotoma'' and the now defunct ''Pelycictis.''Hall, E. R. (1936). ''Mustelid Mammals from the Pleistocene of North America: With Systematic Notes on Some Recent Members of the Gerera Mustela, Taxidea and Mephitis''.Daeschler, E., Spamer, E. E., & Parris, D. C. (1993)Review and new data on the Port Kennedy local fauna and flora (Late Irvingtonian), Valley Forge Natio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osmotherium
''Osmotherium'' is an extinct genus of skunk from Pleistocene North America. it contains a single species, ''Osmotherium spelaeum''. The genus name, ''Osmotherium'', hails from Aincient Greek, ''osmḗ'', "smell"; and ''therium'', "beast"; meaning smelly beast. The species name, ''spelaeum'', Latin for "cave", in reference to the sole locality which its remains have been found in, Port Kennedy Bone Cave. While fragmentary, ''Osmotherium spelaeum'''s jaws are the most prominent of any other Mephitid in the locality, with Cope himself describing 6 different specimens, although attributing some to '' Mephitis'', ''Brachyprotoma'' and the now defunct ''Pelycictis.''Hall, E. R. (1936). ''Mustelid Mammals from the Pleistocene of North America: With Systematic Notes on Some Recent Members of the Gerera Mustela, Taxidea and Mephitis''.Daeschler, E., Spamer, E. E., & Parris, D. C. (1993)Review and new data on the Port Kennedy local fauna and flora (Late Irvingtonian), Valley Forge Natio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martinogale
''Martinogale'' is an extinct genus of skunk from the Late Miocene of central North America. There exist three accepted species, ''M.'' ''alveodens'', ''M.chisoensis'' and ''M.'' ''faulli'', which may have overlapped in range but occupied somewhat distinct moments of the Late Miocene. As well as the dubious ''Martinogale? nambiana''. Description and species ''Martinogale'', as happens with most fossil skunks, has been solely described off of fragmentary craneal remains. The genus is mainly characterized by its jaws: in the upper jaw there's an absent upper Molar^2, and greatly enlarged but thin upper Premolar^4 and Molar^1; while the lower jaw has a small and forward P^2, the absence of a lingual or labial cingulum around the P^4 and a well developed M^1; neither jaw has a present Premolar^1. In regards to skull morphology, it is smoother and narrower than in living skunks, with a large, flask-shaped basicranial bulla. ''Martinogale alveodens'' This species was described i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buisnictis
''Buisnictis'' is an extinct genus of skunk Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae. They are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong, unpleasant scent from their anal glands. Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginge ... from Pliocene North America, ranging all the way from Washington to Baja California. There are currently four accepted species: ''Buisnictis breviramus'', ''Buisnictis schoffi'', ''Buisnictis burrowsi'' and ''Buisnictis metabatos''. Phylogeny As of Wang, Whistler and Takeuchi, 2005, ''Buisnictis'' was recovered as a more derived skunk, while in 2014 Wang, Carranza-Castañeda and Aranda Gómez suggested ''Buisnictis'', specifically ''B. metabatos'', may have been the ancestor of the crown pleistocene skunks. References {{paleo-carnivora-stub Skunks Prehistoric caniforms Extinct animals of the United States Fossil taxa described in 1950 Prehistoric carnivoran genera< ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleistocene
The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the ''Ice age'') is the geological Epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was finally confirmed in 2009 by the International Union of Geological Sciences, the cutoff of the Pleistocene and the preceding Pliocene was regarded as being 1.806 million years Before Present (BP). Publications from earlier years may use either definition of the period. The end of the Pleistocene corresponds with the end of the last glacial period and also with the end of the Paleolithic age used in archaeology. The name is a combination of Ancient Greek grc, label=none, πλεῖστος, pleīstos, most and grc, label=none, καινός, kainós (latinized as ), 'new'. At the end of the preceding Pliocene, the previously isolated North and South American continents were joined by the Isthmus of Panama, causing Great American Interchang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mydaus
Stink badgers, also known as false badgers are a genus (''Mydaus'') of the skunk family of carnivorans, the Mephitidae. They resemble the better-known members of the family Mustelidae also termed 'badgers' (which are themselves a polyphyletic group). There are only two extant species – the Palawan stink badger or ''pantot'' (''M. marchei''), and the Sunda stink badger or ''teledu'' (''M. javanensis''). They live only on the western islands of the Greater Sunda Islands: Sumatra, Java, Borneo in Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei and (in the case of the Palawan stink badger) on the Philippine island of Palawan; as well as many other smaller islands in the region. Stink badgers are named for their resemblance to other badgers and for the foul-smelling secretions that they expel from anal glands in self-defense (which is stronger in the Sunda species). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxa Named By Edward Drinker Cope
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's system in ''Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of biological classification was first made widely available in 1805 in the intro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinct Animals Of The United States
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point. Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. More than 99% of all species that ever lived on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryote globally, and possibly many times more if microorganisms, like bacteria, are included. Notable extinct animal species include non-avian dinosaurs, saber-toothed cats, dodos, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Caniforms
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared 5000 years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing spreading to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilisation, and ancient Egypt were the first civilizations to develop their own scripts and to keep historical records, with their neighbors following. Most other civilizations reached the end of prehistory during the following Iron Age. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skunks
Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae. They are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong, unpleasant scent from their anal glands. Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or ginger colored, but all have warning coloration. While related to polecats and other members of the weasel family, skunks have as their closest relatives the Old World stink badgers. Taxonomy In alphabetical order, the living species of skunks are: * Family Mephitidae ** Genus: ''Conepatus'' *** ''Conepatus chinga'' – Molina's hog-nosed skunk *** ''Conepatus humboldtii'' – Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk *** ''Conepatus leuconotus'' – American hog-nosed skunk *** ''Conepatus semistriatus'' – striped hog-nosed skunk ** Genus: '' Mephitis'' *** ''Mephitis macroura'' – hooded skunk *** ''Mephitis mephitis'' – striped skunk ** Genus: ''Spilogale'' *** ''Spilogale angustifrons'' – southern spotted sk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conepatus
The hog-nosed skunks belong to the genus ''Conepatus'' and are members of the family Mephitidae (skunks). They are native to the Americas. They have white backs and tails and black underparts. Species Extinct species †''Conepatus robustus'' †''Conepatus sanmiguelensis'' †''Conepatus suffocans'' Recent work has concluded that the western hog-nosed skunk or common hog-nosed skunk (formerly ''Conepatus mesoleucus'') is the same species as the American hog-nosed skunk, and that ''Conepatus leuconotus'' is the correct name of the merged populations. Description The individual hog-nosed skunk species vary in size, but among them is included the largest of all skunks. All are characterized by comparatively short hair, especially on the tail, and this appendage lacks the plumelike appearance observed in other skunks. The nose is prolonged into a distinct "snout", naked on the top and sides and evidently used for rooting in the earth after the manner of a pig as their name imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spilogale
The genus ''Spilogale'' includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks. Currently, there are four accepted extant species: ''S. gracilis'', ''S. putorius'', ''S. pygmaea'', and ''S. angustifrons''. New research, however, proposes that there may be up to seven. Extant species In the past, anywhere between two and fourteen species of ''Spilogale'' have been recognized, but today most authorities accept a four species model (seen below). A 2021 DNA analysis of 203 specimens from across their known range suggests that there may be as many as seven distinct species in the genus, some cryptic. Description Mammalogists consider ''S. gracilis'' and ''S. putorius'' different species because of differences in reproductive patterns, reproductive morphology, and chromosomal variation. However, interbreeding has never been disproved. The name ''Spilogale'' comes from the Greek word ''spilo'', which means "spotted", and gale, which means "weasel". ''Putorius'' is the Latin word for " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Promephitis
''Promephitis'' is an extinct genus of mephitid, of which several species have been described from the Miocene and early Pliocene of Europe and Asia. Characteristics The fossil remains of the ''Promephitis'' species, like all members of the skunk family (Mephitidae), have a significant extension of epitympanic recess, a chamber of the middle ear, into the region of mastoid and squamous parts of the temporal bones. This extension is recognizable as an inflated bulge on the lateral wall of the skull over the mastoid. In addition, skunks have specific characteristics of the teeth, especially the molars, which distinguish them from other carnivora. The genus ''Promephitis'' also shows a distinctive structure of the premolar tooth P4 as well as a very small P2, through which they are distinguishable from other genera. Distribution and temporal classification Species of ''Promephitis'' ranged widely in Eurasia, and fossils have been found both in Europe and in Asia. They are classi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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