Orthodox Church
Orthodox Church may refer to: * Eastern Orthodox Church * Oriental Orthodox Churches * Orthodox Presbyterian Church * Orthodox Presbyterian Church of New Zealand * State church of the Roman Empire * True Orthodox church See also * Orthodox (other) * Orthodox calendar (other) * Orthodox Communion (other) * Orthodoxy by country (other) * Orthodox Catholic Church (other) * Catholic Church (other) * Neo-orthodoxy In Christianity, Neo-orthodoxy or Neoorthodoxy, also known as theology of crisis and dialectical theology, was a theological movement developed in the aftermath of the First World War. The movement was largely a reaction against doctrines o ...

Eastern Orthodox Church
The Eastern Orthodox Church, also called the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 220 million baptized members. It operates as a communion of autocephalous churches, each governed by its bishops via local synods. The church has no central doctrinal or governmental authority analogous to the head of the Roman Catholic Church—the Pope—but the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognized by them as '' primus inter pares'' ("first among equals"), which may be explained as a representative of the church. As one of the oldest surviving religious institutions in the world, the Eastern Orthodox Church has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern and Southeastern Europe. The Eastern Orthodox Church officially calls itself the Orthodox Catholic Church. Eastern Orthodox theology is based on holy tradition, which incorporates the dogmatic decrees of the seven ecumenical councils, the Scriptures, and the tea ...
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Oriental Orthodox Churches
The Oriental Orthodox Churches are Eastern Christian churches adhering to Miaphysite Christology, with approximately 60 million members worldwide. The Oriental Orthodox Churches are part of the Nicene Christian tradition, and represent one of its oldest branches. As some of the oldest religious institutions in the world, the Oriental Orthodox Churches have played a prominent role in the history and culture of Armenia, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan, Western Asia and India. As autocephalous churches, its bishops are equal by virtue of episcopal ordination. Its doctrines recognizes the validity of only the first three ecumenical councils. The Oriental Orthodox Churches are composed of six autocephalous churches: the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch, the Armenian Apostolic Church, the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, and the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. They consider themsel ...
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Orthodox Presbyterian Church
The Orthodox Presbyterian Church (OPC) is a confessional Presbyterian denomination located primarily in the United States, with additional congregations in Canada, Bermuda, and Puerto Rico. It was founded by conservative members of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America (PCUSA), who objected to the rise of Liberal and Modernist theology in the 1930s. The OPC is considered to have had an influence on evangelicalism far beyond its size. History The Orthodox Presbyterian Church was founded in 1936, through the efforts of John Gresham Machen. Machen was formerly a PCUSA minister, and in the 1920s and 30s, PCUSA had begun ordaining female deacons and elders. Machen had a longstanding distrust of liberalism in Christianity, as typified by the Auburn Affirmation. He and others founded Westminster Theological Seminary in 1929 in response to a liberal re-organization of Princeton Theological Seminary, and in 1933, Machen formed the Independent Board for Presbyterian ...
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Orthodox Presbyterian Church Of New Zealand
The Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand (PCANZ) is a major Christian denomination in New Zealand. A part of the Reformed tradition, it is the largest Presbyterian denomination in New Zealand, and known for its relatively progressive stance on doctrine and social issues in comparison with smaller Presbyterian churches in the country. Presbyterianism was introduced to New Zealand by early 19th century settlers, particularly from Scotland and Ireland. It was historically most prevalent in the Otago region. The PCANZ was formed in 1901 with the amalgamation of southern and northern Presbyterian churches. It claims around 29,000 members. History The Presbyterian Church of New Zealand formed in October 1901 with the amalgamation of churches in the Synod of Otago and Southland (which had a largely Free Church heritage) with those north of the Waitaki River. Unlike other major Christian churches, the Presbyterians did not send missionaries to New Zealand. Presbyterians had by a ...
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State Church Of The Roman Empire
Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire when Emperor Theodosius I issued the Edict of Thessalonica in 380, which recognized the catholic orthodoxy of Nicene Christians in the Great Church as the Roman Empire's state religion. Most historians refer to the Nicene church associated with emperors in a variety of ways: as the catholic church, the orthodox church, the imperial church, the imperial Roman church, or the Byzantine church, although some of those terms are also used for wider communions extending outside the Roman Empire. The Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodoxy, and the Catholic Church, all claim to stand in continuity from the Nicene church to which Theodosius granted recognition. Earlier in the 4th century, following the Diocletianic Persecution of 303–313 and the Donatist controversy that arose in consequence, Constantine the Great had convened councils of bishops to define the orthodoxy of the Christian faith and to expand on earlier Chri ...
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True Orthodox Church
True Orthodox church, True Orthodox Christians, True Orthodoxy or Genuine Orthodoxy, often pejoratively "Zealotry", designates groups of traditionalist Eastern Orthodox churches which have severed communion since the 1920s with the mainstream Eastern Orthodox churches for various reasons, such as calendar reform, the involvement of mainstream Eastern Orthodox Churches in ecumenism, or the refusal to submit to the authority of mainstream Eastern Orthodox churches. The True Orthodox church in the Soviet Union was also called the Catacomb Church; the True Orthodox in Romania, Bulgaria, Greece and Cyprus are usually called Old Calendarists. History The reformed church calendar was adopted by the mainstream Eastern Orthodox churches of Greece and Romania in 1924. At the moment of this adoption, True Orthodoxy began as Old Calendarism. True Orthodox were only laypeople and monks until 1935 when three bishops of the Church of Greece joined the movement in Greece; in 1955, one bisho ...
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Orthodox (other)
Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to: Religion * Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-paganism or Hinduism Christian Traditional Christian denominations * Eastern Orthodox Church, the world's second largest Christian church, that accepts seven Ecumenical Councils *Oriental Orthodox Churches, a Christian communion that accepts three Ecumenical Councils Modern denominations * True Orthodox Churches, also called Old Calendarists, a movement that separated from the mainstream Eastern Orthodox Church in the 1920s over issues of ecumenism and calendar reform * Reformed Orthodoxy (16th–18th century), a systematized, institutionalized and codified Reformed theology * Neo-orthodoxy, a theological position also known as ''dialectical theology'' * Paleo-orthodoxy, (20th–21st century), a movement in the United States focusing ...
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Orthodox Calendar (other)
Orthodox calendar may refer to: * Eastern Orthodox Church liturgical calendar ** Revised Julian calendar, used by New Calendarist Eastern Orthodox for the calculation of fixed feasts ** Julian calendar The Julian calendar, proposed by Roman consul Julius Caesar in 46 BC, was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on , by edict. It was designed with the aid of Greek mathematicians and astronomers such as Sosigenes of Alexandri ..., used by some Eastern Orthodox for the calculation of fixed feasts * The OC wall calendar, a LGBT-themed photo wall calendar {{Disambig ...
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Orthodox Communion (other)
Orthodox Communion may refer to: * Eastern Orthodox Church * Oriental Orthodox Churches * Communion of Western Orthodox Churches See also * Orthodox (other) Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to: Religion * Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-pa ... * Orthodox Church (other) * Communion (other) * Eastern Orthodox Church organization {{Disambiguation ...
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Orthodoxy By Country (other)
Orthodoxy by country may refer to: * Eastern Orthodoxy by country * Oriental Orthodoxy by country Oriental Orthodox Churches are the churches descended from those that rejected the Council of Chalcedon in 451. Despite the similar name, they are therefore a different branch of Christianity from the Eastern Orthodox. Oriental Orthodoxy consis ...

Orthodox Catholic Church (other)
Orthodox Catholic Church or Orthodox Catholic may refer to: * The Catholic Church ** The Eastern Catholic Churches, particularly the Greek Catholic Churches * The Eastern Orthodox Church * The Oriental Orthodox Churches * The Orthodox-Catholic Church of America * The Catholicate of the West, also called ''The Western Orthodox Catholic Church'' See also * Catholic (other) *Catholic (term) *Orthodox (other) *Church (other) * Catholic Church (other) *Orthodox Church (other) * Orthodoxy *Catholicity Catholicity (from , via ) is a concept pertaining to beliefs and practices that are widely accepted by numerous Christian denominations, most notably by those Christian denominations that describe themselves as ''catholic'' in accordance with th ...

Catholic Church (other)
The Catholic Church, sometimes called the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church body. Catholic Church may also refer to: * One of the 24 particular churches '' sui iuris'' that form the Catholic Church: ** The Latin Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church or, historically, as the Western Church ** The Eastern Catholic Churches, 23 Eastern churches in full communion with the Catholic Church * Independent Catholicism, churches that broke away from the Catholic Church ** Churches within Old Catholicism ** The Philippine Independent Church * Other churches expressing apostolic origins and traditions of catholicity, such as: ** The Eastern Orthodox Church ** The Oriental Orthodox Churches ** The Assyrian Church of the East ** The Ancient Church of the East ** Churches within Anglicanism * Certain denominations in Protestantism ** Churches within Lutheranism * State church of the Roman Empire See also * Four Marks of the Church i.e. "one, holy, catholic and ...
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