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Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly
The Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly (russian: Оренбургское магометанское духовное собрание) was a state-controlled religious administration in the Russian Empire that had jurisdiction over certain aspects of Islamic activity in Siberia, the Volga-Ural region, and parts of Central Asia, including the Kazakh steppe. It was established in 1788 by order of Russian Empress Catherine II. It was one of several religious bodies created in the Russian Empire, forming state-allied 'clergies' to manage non-Orthodox religions. History In 1791, the similar Tauride Muslim Spiritual Authority was created, presiding over Crimean Tatars. In the 1830s, the Department of Religious Affairs gave support to the Orenburg Assembly in religious disputes with the Hanafi and Sufi schools of thought The Kazakhs were removed from the assembly's jurisdiction in the 1860s as part of a policy to decrease the exposure of the Kazakhs to Tartar influence. According t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander I Of Russia
Alexander I (; – ) was Emperor of Russia from 1801, the first King of Congress Poland from 1815, and the Grand Duke of Finland from 1809 to his death. He was the eldest son of Emperor Paul I and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg. The son of Grand Duke Paul Petrovich, later Paul I, Alexander succeeded to the throne after his father was murdered. He ruled Russia during the chaotic period of the Napoleonic Wars. As prince and during the early years of his reign, Alexander often used liberal rhetoric, but continued Russia's absolutist policies in practice. In the first years of his reign, he initiated some minor social reforms and (in 1803–04) major liberal educational reforms, such as building more universities. Alexander appointed Mikhail Speransky, the son of a village priest, as one of his closest advisors. The Collegia were abolished and replaced by the State Council, which was created to improve legislation. Plans were also made to set up a parliament and sign a constitu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Religion In Central Asia
Asia is the largest and most populous continent and the birthplace of many religions including Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Shinto, Sikhism, Taoism, and Zoroastrianism. All major religious traditions are practiced in the region and new forms are constantly emerging. Asia is known for its diversity of culture. Islam and Hinduism are the largest religions in Asia with approximately 1.2 billion adherents each. History Asia is the birthplace of 11 major religions, whose written records include Judaism, Hinduism, Taoism, Shintoism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Jainism, Christianity, Islam, Sikhism and the Baha'i Faith. Abrahamic religions Judaism Judaism is the predominant religion in Israel (75.6%), which has a nominal Jewish population of about 6.1 million. Outside of Israel there are small diaspora communities of Jewish people living in Turkey (17,400), Azerbaijan (9,100), Iran (8,756), See Persian Jews#Iran India (5,000) and Uzbekista ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Central Asia
The history of Central Asia concerns the history of the various peoples that have inhabited Central Asia. The lifestyle of such people has been determined primarily by the area's climate and geography of Asia, geography. The aridity of the region makes agriculture difficult and distance from the sea cut it off from much trade. Thus, few major cities developed in the region. Nomadic horse peoples of the steppe dominated the area for millennia. Relations between the steppe nomads and the settled people in and around Central Asia were marked by conflict. The nomadic lifestyle was well suited to warfare, and the steppe horse riders became some of the most militarily potent people in the world, due to the devastating techniques and ability of their horse archers. Periodically, tribal leaders or changing conditions would cause several tribes to organize themselves into a single military force, which would then often launch campaigns of conquest, especially into more 'civilized' areas. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Islamic Muftiates
This is a growing List of Islamic muftis and territorial muftiates. The mufti is the official head of the muftiate. The Grand Mufti is the official head of a board of regional muftis. Countries Albanian muftiates Algerian muftiates Belarusian muftiates Bosnian muftiates The muftiates of Croatia, Sandžak, and Slovenia are under authority of the Grand Muftiate of Bosnia and Herzegovina Mešihat of Croatia The Mešihat of Croatia is under the authority of the Grand Muftiate of Bosnia and Herzegovina Mešihat of Sandžak The Mešihat of Sandžak is under the authority of the Grand Muftiate of Bosnia and Herzegovina Mešihat of Slovenia The Mešihat of Slovenia is under the authority of the Grand Muftiate of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgarian muftiates Muftiates in the Caucasus Greek muftiates Office of the Grand Mufti of India Kazakh muftiates Kosovar muftiates Kyrgyz muftiates Lithuanian muftiates Macedonian muftiates Montenegri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muftiate
A muftiate (alternative spelling: muftiyat) bs, Muftijstvo or ; sq, Myftini; bg, мюфтийство; kk, мүфтият; russian: Муфтият; tt-Cyrl, мөфтият; ro, muftiat; uk, Муфтіят) is an administrative territorial entity under the supervision of a mufti. A grand muftiate is more significant than a muftiate, and is presided over by a grand mufti. A grand muftiate or muftiate is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the directorate, and oversees the local boards, clerics, mosques, and trusteeships. The structure of Russian- and south-eastern European muftiates were never prescribed by Islamic doctrine, but instead are based on the principle of an all-encompassing legal and administrative order in parallel fashion to Christian dioceses with the purpose of regulating the Islamic religion. History In 1788 the Russian Empire under Empress Catherine II established the first muftiate in Russia named “The Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly” gover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiritual Administration Of The Muslims Of Central Asia And Kazakhstan
The Spiritual Administration of the Muslims of Central Asia and Kazakhstan (SADUM) (russian: Духовное управление мусульман Средней Азии и Казахстана (САДУМ); uz, Ўрта Осиё ва Қозоғистон мусулмонлари диний бошқармаси) was the official governing body for Islamic activities in the five Central Asian republics of the Soviet Union. Under strict state control, SADUM was charged with training clergy and publishing spiritual materials, among other tasks. The organization was headquartered in Tashkent, Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, Uzbekistan. Established in 1943, SADUM existed for nearly 50 years. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the five newly independent republics reformed their respective branches of SADUM into their own national Islamic institutions. History Background The first spiritual assembly in the Russian Empire was established in 1788 in Orenberg. Like SADUM, the Or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam In Central Asia
Islam in Central Asia has existed since the beginning of Islamic history. Sunni Islam, Sunni branch of Islam is the most widely practiced religion in Central Asia. Shiism of Imami and Ismaili denominations predominating in the Pamir Mountains, Pamir plateau and the western Tian Shan mountains (almost exclusively Ismailis), while boasting to a large minority population in the Zarafshan river valley, from Samarkand to Bukhara (almost exclusively Imamis). Islam came to Central Asia in the early part of the 8th century as part of the Muslim conquest of Transoxiana, Muslim conquest of the region. Many well-known Islamic scientists and philosophers came from Central Asia, and several major Muslim empires, including the Timurid Empire and the Mughal Empire, originated in Central Asia. In the 20th century, severe restrictions on religious practice were enacted by the Soviet Union in Soviet Central Asia and the People's Republic of China in Xinjiang. History Arrival of Islam and Medieval p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam In Russia
Although Islam is a minority religion in Russia, Russia has Islam in Europe, the largest Muslim population in Europe. According to United States Department of State, US Department of State in 2017, Muslims in Russia numbered 14 million or roughly 10% of the total population. According to a comprehensive survey conducted in 2012, Muslims were 6.5% of Russia's population. See also the results' 'main interactive mapping'' and the static mappings: The Sreda Arena Atlas was realised in cooperation with thAll-Russia Population Census 2010 (Всероссийской переписи населения 2010) thRussian Ministry of Justice (Минюста РФ) the Public Opinion Foundation (Фонда Общественного Мнения) and presented among others by the Analytical Department of the Synodal Information Department of the Russian Orthodox Church. See: However, the populations of two federal subjects with Islamic majorities were not surveyed due to social unrest, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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