|
Orenburg Caravanserai
The Orenburg Caravanserai ( ba, Каруанһарай) is a mosque, historical and architectural complex in Orenburg. It is a cultural monument of the Bashkir people. The caravanserai was built in 1837–1846 with donations as a place for the Office of the Bashkir-mesheryak army commander, hotels for Bashkirs who came to Orenburg for services and a workshop and school. The historical and architectural complex consists of Bashkir folk houses and mosques. The original design of architect Alexander Brullov was a pastiche of a traditional Bashkir village: the central dominant octagonal mosque reproduced the form of a Bashkir yurt. The building housed the Orenburg Bashkir Pedagogical College from 1920 to 1924. Construction The history of the Orenburg caravanserai began decades before its construction. Bashkirs had repeatedly appealed to the tsarist authorities for permission to build in Orenburg - then the administrative center of the Bashkir land - a building where their childre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orenburg
Orenburg (russian: Оренбу́рг, ), formerly known as Chkalov (1938–1957), is the administrative center of Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It lies on the Ural River, southeast of Moscow. Orenburg is also very close to the Kazakhstan-Russia border, border with Kazakhstan. Population: Name Several historians have tried to explain the origins of the city's name. It was traditionally accepted that the word "orenburg" means a fortress on the Or River, River Or. In all probability, the word combination "orenburg" was proposed by , the founder of the city. In 1734, in accordance with his project, a package of governmental documents was worked out. This was the starting point for Orenburg as a fortress city near the meeting of the Or (river), Or and Ural rivers. On 7 June 1734, "A Privilege for Orenburg" (tsar's edict) was ordered by Anna of Russia, Empress Anna Ioannovna. While the construction site of the main fortress changed many times (down the River Ural), the name "Orenburg" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bashkortostan
The Republic of Bashkortostan or Bashkortostan ( ba, Башҡортостан Республикаһы, Bashqortostan Respublikahy; russian: Республика Башкортостан, Respublika Bashkortostan),; russian: Респу́блика Башкортоста́н, r=Respublika Bashkortostan, p=rʲɪsˈpublʲɪkə bəʂkərtɐˈstan also unofficially called Bashkiria (russian: Башкирия, tr. Bashkiriya), is a republic of Russia located between the Volga and the Ural Mountains in Eastern Europe. It covers and has a population of 4 million. It is Russia's 7th most populous federal subject and most populous republic. Its capital and largest city is Ufa. Bashkortostan was established on .Национально-государственное устройство Башкортостана, 1917–1925 гг: Общее введение и Том 1 // Билал Хамитович Юлдашбаев, Китап, 2002, , 9785295029165Хрестоматия по и ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cultural Heritage Monuments In Orenburg
Culture () is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.Tylor, Edward. (1871). Primitive Culture. Vol 1. New York: J.P. Putnam's Son Culture is often originated from or attributed to a specific region or location. Humans acquire culture through the learning processes of enculturation and socialization, which is shown by the diversity of cultures across societies. A cultural norm codifies acceptable conduct in society; it serves as a guideline for behavior, dress, language, and demeanor in a situation, which serves as a template for expectations in a social group. Accepting only a monoculture in a social group can bear risks, just as a single species can wither in the face of environmental change, for lack of functional responses to the change. Thus in military culture, valor is counted a typical be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mosques In Europe ...
This is a partial list of mosques in Europe. ;Group See also * Lists of mosques * Islam in Europe References External links * * mapof mosques in Europe {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Mosques In Europe * !Europe Mosques A mosque (; from ar, مَسْجِد, masjid, ; literally "place of ritual prostration"), also called masjid, is a place of prayer for Muslims. Mosques are usually covered buildings, but can be any place where prayers ( sujud) are performed, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Buildings Completed In 1844
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The major types of political systems in the modern era are democracies, monarchies, and authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. Historically prevalent forms of government include monarchy, aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, theocracy, and tyranny. These forms are not always mutually exclusive, and mixed governme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buildings And Structures In Orenburg
A building, or edifice, is an enclosed structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory (although there's also portable buildings). Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term ''building'' compare the list of nonbuilding structures. Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or canvasses of much artisti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mosques In Europe
This is a partial list of mosques in Europe. ;Group See also * Lists of mosques * Islam in Europe References External links * * map of mosques in Europe {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Mosques In Europe Mosques in Europe, * Lists of mosques, !Europe Lists of religious buildings and structures in Europe, Mosques ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mosques In Russia
__NOTOC__ The construction of mosques in Russia has been documented from the 1550s to 2010 and mirrors the history of Islam in Russia. Russian mosques span the List of mosques in Europe, mosques of Europe List of mosques in Asia, and Asia. Mosques of note List The following is a partial list of mosques in Russia. References ''This article incorporates information from the Russian Wikipedia and French Wikipedia.'' Further reading * {{List of mosques Mosques in Russia, Lists of religious buildings and structures in Russia, Mosques Lists of mosques, russia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam In Russia
Although Islam is a minority religion in Russia, Russia has Islam in Europe, the largest Muslim population in Europe. According to United States Department of State, US Department of State in 2017, Muslims in Russia numbered 14 million or roughly 10% of the total population. According to a comprehensive survey conducted in 2012, Muslims were 6.5% of Russia's population. See also the results' 'main interactive mapping'' and the static mappings: The Sreda Arena Atlas was realised in cooperation with thAll-Russia Population Census 2010 (Всероссийской переписи населения 2010) thRussian Ministry of Justice (Минюста РФ) the Public Opinion Foundation (Фонда Общественного Мнения) and presented among others by the Analytical Department of the Synodal Information Department of the Russian Orthodox Church. See: However, the populations of two federal subjects with Islamic majorities were not surveyed due to social unrest, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sterlitamaksky District
Sterlitamaksky District (russian: Стерлитама́кский райо́н; ba, Стәрлетамаҡ районы) is an administrativeConstitution of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Article 64 and municipalLaw #126-z district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders with Aurgazinsky District in the north, Gafuriysky District in the northeast, Ishimbaysky District in the east and southeast, Meleuzovsky District in the south, Sterlibashevsky District in the southwest, Miyakinsky District in the west, and with Alsheyevsky District in the west and northwest. The area of the district is .Official website of Sterlitamaksky DistrictOur District Its administrative center is the city of Sterlitamak (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 40,325. History The district was established on August 20, 193 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orenburg Oblast
Orenburg Oblast (russian: Оренбургская область, ''Orenburgskaya oblast'') is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. From 1938 to 1957, it bore the name ''Chkalov Oblast'' () in honor of Valery Chkalov. Population: 2,033,072 ( 2010 Census). Geography Orenburg Oblast's internal borders are with the republics of Bashkortostan and Tatarstan to the north, Chelyabinsk Oblast to the north-east, and with Samara and Saratov oblasts to the west. Orenburg Oblast also shares an international border with Kazakhstan to the east and south. The oblast is situated on the boundary between Europe and Asia. The majority of its territory lies west of the continental divide in European Russia and smaller sections in the east situated on the Asian side of the divide. The most important river of the oblast is the Ural and the largest lake Shalkar-Yega-Kara. Orenburg is traversed by the northeasterly line of equal latitude and longi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas I Of Russia
Nicholas I , group=pron ( – ) was List of Russian rulers, Emperor of Russia, Congress Poland, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland. He was the third son of Paul I of Russia, Paul I and younger brother of his predecessor, Alexander I of Russia, Alexander I. Nicholas inherited his brother's throne despite the failed Decembrist revolt against him. He is mainly remembered in history as a reactionary whose controversial reign was marked by geographical expansion, economic growth, and massive industrialisation on the one hand, and centralisation of administrative policies and repression of dissent on the other. Nicholas had a happy marriage that produced a large family; all of their seven children survived childhood. Nicholas's biographer Nicholas V. Riasanovsky said that he displayed determination, singleness of purpose, and an iron will, along with a powerful sense of duty and a dedication to very hard work. He saw himself as a soldier—a junior officer totally consumed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_-_Moschee_(4).JPG "Click for more on -> List Of Mosques In Europe")
.png "Click for more on -> Islam In Russia")
