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Operation Intercept
Operation Intercept was an anti-drug measure engaged by President Richard Nixon from 21 September to 11 October 1969 that resulted in a near shutdown of border crossings between Mexico and the United States. The initiative was intended to reduce the importation of Mexican marijuana to the United States during what was considered to be the prime harvest season. It was implemented by Myles Ambrose, who served as the Commissioner of Customs in the Nixon administration. Description Freshly elected as US President, Richard Nixon launched an anti-drug war by following his Anaheim campaign pledge of September 1968. He targeted the cannabis coming from Mexico and the heroin coming from Turkey through the French Connection.Kate DoyleOperation Intercept: The Perils of Unilateralism National Security Archive at George Washington University, with copies of 18 previously classified documents. Operation Intercept is considered the opening act of the US involvement in the Mexican Drug War. With t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was the 36th vice president from 1953 to 1961 under President Dwight D. Eisenhower. His five years in the White House saw reduction of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, détente with the Soviet Union and China, the first manned Moon landings, and the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Nixon's second term ended early, when he became the only president to resign from office, as a result of the Watergate scandal. Nixon was born into a poor family of Quakers in a small town in Southern California. He graduated from Duke Law School in 1937, practiced law in California, then moved with his wife Pat to Washington in 1942 to work for the federal government. After active duty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bureau Of The Budget
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) is the largest office within the Executive Office of the President of the United States (EOP). OMB's most prominent function is to produce the president's budget, but it also examines agency programs, policies, and procedures to see whether they comply with the president's policies and coordinates inter-agency policy initiatives. Shalanda Young became OMB's acting director in March 2021, and was confirmed by the Senate in March 2022. History The Bureau of the Budget, OMB's predecessor, was established in 1921 as a part of the Department of the Treasury by the Budget and Accounting Act of 1921, which President Warren G. Harding signed into law. The Bureau of the Budget was moved to the Executive Office of the President in 1939 and was run by Harold D. Smith during the government's rapid expansion of spending during World War II. James L. Sundquist, a staffer at the Bureau of the Budget, called the relationship between the president and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannabis In The United States
The use, sale, and possession of Cannabis (drug), cannabis over 0.3% Tetrahydrocannabinol, THC in the United States, despite laws in many states permitting it under various circumstances, is illegal under Federalism in the United States, federal law. As a Schedule I drug under the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA) of 1970, cannabis over 0.3% THC (legal term Marijuana (word), marijuana) is considered to have "no accepted medical use" and have a high potential for abuse and physical or psychological dependence. Cannabis use is illegal for any reason, with the exception of FDA-approved research programs. However, Legality of cannabis by U.S. jurisdiction, individual states have enacted legislation permitting exemptions for various uses, including Medical cannabis, medical, Hemp, industrial, and Recreational cannabis, recreational use. Cannabis for industrial uses (hemp) was made illegal to grow without a permit under the CSA because of its relation to cannabis as a drug, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannabis In Mexico
Cannabis in Mexico became legal for private, recreational use in June 2021, upon application and issuance of a permit from the health secretariat, COFEPRIS (). On 29 June 2021, the Supreme Court of Mexico decriminalized the recreational use of cannabis. President Andrés Manuel López Obrador signed a bill that allows adults 18 and over to possess up to 28 grams of cannabis and grow up to six marijuana plants on their property. The Supreme Court of Mexico first declared the law prohibiting its use unconstitutional on October 31, 2018. The effect of the ruling is that the Congress of Mexico was ordered to formally legalize cannabis within a period of 90 days. However, the Mexican Congress did not abide and the Supreme Court has often extended the deadline. Cannabis has been illegal since 1920, personal possession of small amounts was decriminalized in 2009, and medical use of THC content less than one percent was legalized in 2017. On March 10, 2021, the Chamber of Deputies pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1969 In Cannabis
This year is notable for Apollo 11's first landing on the moon. Events January * January 4 – The Government of Spain hands over Ifni to Morocco. * January 5 **Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to London's Gatwick Airport, killing 50 of the 62 people on board and two of the home's occupants. * January 14 – An explosion aboard the aircraft carrier USS Enterprise (CVN-65), USS ''Enterprise'' near Hawaii kills 27 and injures 314. * January 19 – End of the siege of the University of Tokyo, marking the beginning of the end for the 1968–69 Japanese university protests. * January 20 – Richard Nixon is First inauguration of Richard Nixon, sworn in as the 37th President of the United States. * January 22 – Attempted assassination of Leonid Brezhnev, An assassination attempt is carried out on Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev by deserter Viktor Ilyin. One person is killed, several are injured. Leonid Brezhnev, Brezhnev es ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaine Shannon
Elaine Shannon (born November 16, 1946) is an American investigative journalist and former correspondent for ''Newsweek'' and ''Time'' considered an expert on terrorism, organized crime, and espionage. Describing her also as "a leading expert on the evil alliances of drug kingpins and corrupt officials", ''Newsweek'' said Shannon "could rightly claim to be the Boswell of thugs and drugs." Early life Shannon was born in Gainesville, Georgia, on November 16, 1946. She was an English major at Vanderbilt University where she graduated in 1968. While a senior at Vanderbilt, Shannon began working for the ''Nashville Tennessean'' where she reported on civil rights, police brutality, and prisoner abuse. In 1970 Shannon became the newspaper's Washington, D.C. correspondent and covered the Senatorial campaign of Albert Gore Sr., the Presidential campaigns of Richard Nixon and George McGovern, and the Watergate scandal. She spent a year at Harvard University where in 1974 she earned a Ni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War On Drugs
The war on drugs is a Globalization, global campaign, led by the United States federal government, of prohibition of drugs, drug prohibition, military aid, and military intervention, with the aim of reducing the illegal drug trade in the United States.Cockburn and St. Clair, 1998: Chapter 14 The initiative includes a set of drug policies that are intended to discourage the production, distribution, and consumption of psychoactive drugs that the participating governments and the United Nations have made illegal. The term was popularized by the media shortly after a press conference given on June 18, 1971, by President of the United States, President Richard Nixon—the day after publication of a special message from President Nixon to the United States Congress, Congress on Drug Abuse Prevention and Control—during which he declared drug abuse "public enemy number one". That message to the Congress included text about devoting more federal resources to the "prevention of new add ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trump Wall
The Trump wall, commonly referred to as "The Wall", is an expansion of the Mexico–United States barrier that started in the U.S. during the 1980’s to keep help enforce immigration laws in the United States. Prior to Donald Trump, border security & border wall legislation was passed during the Reagan, George H.W. Bush, Clinton, George W. Bush & Obama Administrations. President Trump made this a serious campaign issue as many of his supporters seemed to rally behind the idea of supporting the United States immigration laws and thus this issue became a critical part of President Trump's campaign platform in the 2016 presidential election. Throughout his 2016 presidential campaign, Trump called for the construction of a border wall. He said that, if elected, he would "build the wall and make Mexico pay for it". Then-Mexican president Enrique Peña Nieto rejected Trump's claim that Mexico would pay for the wall; all construction in fact relied exclusively on U.S. funding. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bill Thompson (manager)
William Carl Thompson (June 22, 1944 - January 13, 2015) was an American talent manager, most notable for managing the bands Hot Tuna, Jefferson Airplane, Jefferson Starship, and Starship, as well as the careers of their individual performers such as Grace Slick. Biography Thompson was born in Oklahoma City on June 22, 1944, and attended high school and college in San Francisco, where he also worked as a copy boy for the San Francisco Chronicle. His roommate was Marty Balin, a founding member of Jefferson Airplane. Thompson initially served as the band's press agent, and eventually became their manager. Thompson also managed other artists, such as Neal Schon, and served as a consultant to Polygram Records PolyGram N.V. was a multinational entertainment company and major music record label formerly based in the Netherlands. It was founded in 1962 as the Grammophon-Philips Group by Dutch corporation Philips and German corporation Siemens, to be a .... He died of a heart at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mexico (Jefferson Airplane Song)
"Mexico" is a single released in May 1970 by San Francisco rock band Jefferson Airplane, produced by the band at Pacific High Recording Studios with Phill Sawyer as the recording engineer. Written and sung by Grace Slick, it is a tuneful rant against then-President Richard Nixon and his anti-drug initiative, Operation Intercept, that he had implemented to curtail the flow of marijuana into the United States from Mexico. The song closes with an exhortation for the young to realize the power of their numbers, as shown by the gathering of "half a million people on the lawn" at Woodstock. The song received little radio airplay, being banned in some states, but did reach #102 on the ''Billboard'' charts. The version on the '' 2400 Fulton Street'' LP and CD is a completely different mix from that on the single. Five months after the release of "Mexico", President Nixon requested that songs relating to drug abuse not be broadcast. Live versions of "Mexico" and its B-side, , were inten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jefferson Airplane
Jefferson Airplane was an American rock band based in San Francisco, California, that became one of the pioneering bands of psychedelic rock. Formed in 1965, the group defined the San Francisco Sound and was the first from the Bay Area to achieve international commercial success. They headlined the Monterey Pop Festival (1967), Woodstock (1969), Altamont Free Concert (1969), and the first Isle of Wight Festival (1968) in England. Their 1967 breakout album '' Surrealistic Pillow'' was one of the most significant recordings of the Summer of Love. Two songs from that album, " Somebody to Love" and "White Rabbit", are among ''Rolling Stone''s "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". The October 1966 to February 1970 lineup of Jefferson Airplane, consisting of Marty Balin (vocals), Paul Kantner (guitar, vocals), Grace Slick (vocals), Jorma Kaukonen (lead guitar, vocals), Jack Casady (bass), and Spencer Dryden (drums), was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996. Balin left ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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