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Operation Goranboy
Operation Goranboy was a large-scale military offensive by Azerbaijan in the summer of 1992. Its aims were to take complete control of the entire territory of Nagorno-Karabakh and put a decisive end to the secessionist Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR). This offensive is regarded as a successful breakthrough by the Azerbaijani Army and marked the peak of Azerbaijani success throughout the entire six years of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. After Azerbaijan's initial military successes, re-grouped Armenian forces repelled the attack, re-capturing most of the seized regions. The offensive On 12 June 1992, just five days after Abulfaz Elchibey of the Popular Front of Azerbaijan was elected the President of Azerbaijan, the Azerbaijani military first launched a large scale diversionary attack from the east, in the direction of the Askeran region at the center of Nagorno-Karabakh. The Azerbaijani troops attacked positions to the north and south of Askeran. As a result of fierce fightin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Nagorno-Karabakh War
The First Nagorno-Karabakh War, referred to in Armenia as the Artsakh Liberation War ( hy, Արցախյան ազատամարտ, Artsakhyan azatamart) was an ethnic and territorial conflict that took place from February 1988 to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in southwestern Azerbaijan, between the majority ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh backed by Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan. As the war progressed, Armenia and Azerbaijan, both former Soviet Republics, entangled themselves in protracted, undeclared mountain warfare in the mountainous heights of Karabakh as Azerbaijan attempted to curb the secessionist movement in Nagorno-Karabakh. The enclave's parliament had voted in favor of uniting with Armenia and a referendum, boycotted by the Azerbaijani population of Nagorno-Karabakh, was held, in which a majority voted in favor of independence. The demand to unify with Armenia began in a relatively peaceful manner in 1988; in the following months, as the S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nagorno-Karabakh
Nagorno-Karabakh ( ) is a landlocked country, landlocked region in the Transcaucasia, South Caucasus, within the mountainous range of Karabakh, lying between Lower Karabakh and Syunik Province, Syunik, and covering the southeastern range of the Lesser Caucasus mountains. The region is mostly mountainous and forested. Nagorno-Karabakh is a list of territorial disputes, disputed territory, internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan, but most of it is governed by the unrecognised Republic of Artsakh (also known as the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR)) since the first Nagorno-Karabakh War. Since the end of the war in 1994, representatives of the governments of Armenia and Azerbaijan have been holding peace talks mediated by the OSCE Minsk Group on the region's disputed status. The region is usually equated with the administrative borders of the former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast, comprising . The historical area of the region, however, encompasses approximately . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Of Emergency
A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to be able to put through policies that it would normally not be permitted to do, for the safety and protection of its citizens. A government can declare such a state during a natural disaster, civil unrest, armed conflict, medical pandemic or epidemic or other biosecurity risk. ''Justitium'' is its equivalent in Roman law—a concept in which the Roman Senate could put forward a final decree (''senatus consultum ultimum'') that was not subject to dispute yet helped save lives in times of strife. Relationship with international law Under international law, rights and freedoms may be suspended during a state of emergency, depending on the severity of the emergency and a government's policies. Use and viewpoints Though fairly uncommon in democracies, dictatorship, dictatorial regimes often declare a state of emergency that is prolonged indefinitely for the life of the regime, or for extended periods of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Kocharyan
Robert Sedraki Kocharyan ( hy, Ռոբերտ Սեդրակի Քոչարյան ; born 31 August 1954) is an Armenian politician. He served as the President of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic from 1994 to 1997 and Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh from 1992 to 1994. He served as the second President of Armenia between 1998 and 2008 and as Prime Minister of Armenia from 1997 to 1998. Kocharyan was elected president of Armenia twice, in 1998 and 2003; both presidential elections were held in two rounds. During most of his presidency, between 2001 and 2007, Armenia's economy grew on average by 12% annually, largely due to a construction boom. While Kocharyan's supporters credit him with securing Armenia's economic growth during his presidency, his critics accuse him of promoting corruption and the creation of an oligarchic system of government in Armenia. On July 26, 2018 Kocharyan was charged in connection with the crackdown on the 2008 Armenian presidential election protests in the fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memorial (society)
Memorial ( rus, Мемориал, p=mʲɪmərʲɪˈaɫ) is an international human rights organisation, founded in Russia during the fall of the Soviet Union to study and examine the Human rights in the Soviet Union, human rights violations and other crimes committed under Joseph Stalin's reign. Prior to its dissolution in Russia, it consisted of two separate legal entities, Memorial International, whose purpose was the recording of the crimes against humanity committed in the Soviet Union, particularly during the Stalinist era, and the Memorial Human Rights Centre, which focused on the human rights defender, protection of human rights, especially in conflict zones in and around modern Russia. A movement rather than a centralized organization, as of December 2021 Memorial encompassed over 50 organisations in Russia and 11 in other countries, including Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Germany, Italy, Belgium and France. Although the focus of affiliated groups differs from region to region, they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suret Huseynov
Surat Davud oghlu Huseynov ( az, Surət Davud oğlu Hüseynov; born 12 February 1959 in Kirovabad) is an Azerbaijani colonel and ex-Prime Minister of Azerbaijan, who rose to prominence during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. His military career led, in 1993, to his rise to Prime Minister and later prison term.The Black Garden by Tom De Waal., ch. 13 Prior to the war After serving in the army in 1977–1979 and later graduating from the Leninabad Technological Institute, Surat Huseynov worked as a plumber, a warehouse employee and an assistant operator at the Kirovabad Textile Factory. In 1983–1984 he resided in , |
Ağbulaq, Khojali
Sarnaghbyur ( hy, Սառնաղբյուր) or Aghbulag ( az, Ağbulaq) is a village ''de facto'' in the Askeran Province of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, ''de jure'' in the Khojaly District of Azerbaijan, in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The village has an ethnic Armenian-majority population, and also had an Armenian majority in 1989. History During the Soviet period, the village was part of the Askeran District of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast. Historical heritage sites Historical heritage sites in and around the village include an 18th/19th-century cemetery, the cave-shrine of ''Htsut'' ( hy, Հցուտ), and St. George's Church ( hy, Սուրբ Գևորգ եկեղեցի, Surb Gevorg Yekeghetsi) built in 1875. Economy and culture The population is mainly engaged in agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, wher ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dahraz
Dahraz ( hy, Դահրազ; az, Dəhrəz) is a village ''de facto'' in the Askeran Province of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, ''de jure'' in the Khojavend District of Azerbaijan, in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. History During the Soviet period, the village was a part of the Askeran District of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast. Economy and culture The population is mainly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. The village is part of the community of Sarnaghbyur. Demographics The village has an ethnic Armenian Armenian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia * Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent ** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...-majority population, had 8 inhabitants in 2005, and 5 inhabitants in 2015. References External links * Populated places in Askeran Province Populated places in Khojaly Di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pirjamal
Vardadzor ( hy, Վարդաձոր) or Pirjamal ( hy, Փիրջամալ; az, Pircamal) is a village ''de facto'' in the Askeran Province of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, ''de jure'' in the Khojaly District of Azerbaijan, in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The village has an ethnic Armenian-majority population, and also had an Armenian majority in 1989. History The village was founded in the 12th century. The village was destroyed during the Armenian–Tatar massacres of 1905–1907, and was later rebuilt in 1918. During the Soviet period, the village was part of the Askeran District of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast. Historical heritage sites Historical heritage sites in and around the village include a 17th/18th-century shrine, an 18th/19th-century cemetery, and the 19th-century church of ''Surb Astvatsatsin'' ( hy, Սուրբ Աստվածածին, ). Economy and culture The population is mainly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. As of 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dovşanlı
Arajadzor ( hy, Առաջաձոր) or Dovshanly ( az, Dovşanlı) is a village that is, ''de facto'', in the Martakert Province of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh; ''de jure'', it is in the Kalbajar District of Azerbaijan, in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The village has an ethnic Armenian-majority population, and also had an Armenian majority in 1989. History During the Soviet period, the village was part of the Mardakert District of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast. Historical heritage sites Historical heritage sites in and around the village include tombs from the 2nd–1st millennia BCE, a 12th/13th-century khachkar, the 12th/13th-century fortress of ''Tsiranakar'' ( hy, Ծիրանաքար), the Harva Church ( hy, Հարվա եկեղեցի) built in 1249, and the church of ''Surb Astvatsatsin'' ( hy, Սուրբ Աստվածածին, ) built in 1668. Economy and culture The population is mainly engaged in agriculture Agriculture or farming is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nakhichevanik
Nakhichevanik ( hy, Նախիջևանիկ, Nakhijevanik) or Nakhchivanly ( az, Naxçıvanlı) is a village ''de facto'' in the Askeran Province of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, ''de jure'' in the Khojaly District of Azerbaijan, in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh. The village has an ethnic Armenian-majority population, and also had an Armenian majority in 1989. History The modern village was founded in the 15th century. During the Soviet period, the village was part of the Askeran District of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast. Historical heritage sites Historical heritage sites in and around the village include tombs from the 2nd–1st millennia BCE, the village of ''Varder'' ( hy, Վարդեր) from between the 16th and 19th centuries, the 17th-century church of ''Surb Astvatsatsin'' ( hy, Սուրբ Աստվածածին, ), and an 18th/19th-century cemetery. Economy and culture The population is mainly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Askeran Region
Askeran Province ( hy, Ասկերան) is a province of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, ''de jure'' part of the Khojaly District of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It is in the center of Artsakh, surrounding the capital, Stepanakert. It is notable for containing the Tigranakert of Artsakh. Settlements There are 42 communities in the province of which 1 is considered urban and 41 are considered rural. Geography Askeran adjoins Martakert Province on the north, Aghdam District of Azerbaijan on the east. Hadrut Province and Shushi Province in the south, Martuni Province in the south east and Kashatagh Province on the west. Stepanakert, the capital of the Republic of Artsakh, is located south-west of the province. History During the Middle Ages the western part of the Askeran Province was part of Principality of Khachen and the eastern part was part of the Principality of Varanda, the center of which was Avetaranots, located in the south of the region. Following the forma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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