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ORC1
Origin recognition complex subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC1 gene. It is closely related to CDC6, and both are the same protein in archaea. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of the pre-replication complex, which includes additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is the largest subunit of the origin recognition complex. While other ORC subunits are stable throughout the cell cycle, the levels of this protein vary during the cell cycle, which has been shown to be controlled by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis after initiation of DNA replication. This protein is found to be selectively phosphorylated during mitosis. It is also reported to interact ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pre-replication Complex
A pre-replication complex (pre-RC) is a protein complex that forms at the origin of replication during the initiation step of DNA replication. Formation of the pre-RC is required for DNA replication to occur. Complete and faithful replication of the genome ensures that each daughter cell will carry the same genetic information as the parent cell. Accordingly, formation of the pre-RC is a very important part of the cell cycle. Components As organisms evolved and became increasingly more complex, so did their pre-RCs. The following is a summary of the components of the pre-RC amongst the different domains of life. In bacteria, the main component of the pre-RC is DnaA. The pre-RC is complete when DnaA occupies all of its binding sites within the bacterial origin of replication (oriC). The archaeal pre-RC is very different from the bacterial pre-RC and can serve as a simplified model of the eukaryotic pre-RC. It is composed of a single origin recognition complex (ORC) protein, Cd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Origin Recognition Complex
In molecular biology, origin recognition complex (ORC) is a multi-subunit DNA binding complex (6 subunits) that binds in all eukaryotes and archaea in an ATP-dependent manner to origins of replication. The subunits of this complex are encoded by the ORC1, ORC2, ORC3, ORC4, ORC5 and ORC6 genes. ORC is a central component for eukaryotic DNA replication, and remains bound to chromatin at replication origins throughout the cell cycle. ORC directs DNA replication throughout the genome and is required for its initiation. ORC and Noc3p bound at replication origins serve as the foundation for assembly of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC), which includes Cdc6, Tah11 (a.k.a. Cdt1), and the Mcm2-Mcm7 complex. Pre-RC assembly during G1 is required for replication licensing of chromosomes prior to DNA synthesis during S phase. Cell cycle-regulated phosphorylation of Orc2, Orc6, Cdc6, and MCM by the cyclin-dependent protein kinase Cdc28 regulates initiation of DNA replication, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MYST2
Histone acetyltransferase KAT7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''KAT7'' gene. It specifically acetylates H4 histones at the lysine12 residue (H4K12) and is necessary for origin licensing and DNA replication. KAT7 associates with origins of replication during G1 phase of the cell cycle through complexing with CDT1. Geminin is thought to inhibit the acetyltransferase activity of KAT7 when KAT7 and CDT1 are complexed together. Interactions KAT7 has been shown to interact with: * AR, * CDT1, * MCM2 * ORC1L Origin recognition complex subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC1 gene. It is closely related to CDC6, and both are the same protein in archaea. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subu ... and * VIM, References Further reading * * * * * * * * * * * {{gene-17-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MCM2
DNA replication licensing factor MCM2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MCM2'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are involved in the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by MCM proteins is a key component of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) and may be involved in the formation of replication forks and in the recruitment of other DNA replication related proteins. This protein forms a complex with MCM4, 6, and 7, and has been shown to regulate the helicase activity of the complex. This protein is phosphorylated, and thus regulated by, protein kinases CDC2 and CDC7. Interactions MCM2 has been shown to interact with: * AKAP8, * Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase, * MCM3, * MCM4, * MCM5, * MCM6, * MCM7, * ORC1L, * ORC2L, * ORC4L, * ORC5L, and * Replication protein A1. See also *Mini Chromosome Mainten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ORC5
Origin recognition complex subunit 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC5 (ORC5L) gene. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunit protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the ORC complex. It has been shown to form a core complex with ORC2L, -3L, and 4L. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. Interactions ORC5 has been shown to interact with: * MCM2, * MCM3, * MCM4, * MCM7, * ORC1, * ORC2, * ORC3, and * ORC4 Origin recognition complex subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC4 (ORC4L) gene. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CDC45-related Protein
CDC45 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC45L'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene was identified by its strong similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc45, an essential protein required to the initiation of DNA replication. Cdc45 is a member of the highly conserved multiprotein complex including Cdc6/Cdc18, the minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs) and DNA polymerase, which is important for early steps of DNA replication in eukaryotes. This protein has been shown to interact with MCM7 and DNA polymerase alpha. Studies of the similar gene in Xenopus suggested that this protein plays a pivotal role in the loading of DNA polymerase alpha onto chromatin. Multiple polyadenlyation sites of this gene are reported. Interactions CDC45-related protein has been shown to interact with: * MCM3, * MCM6, * MCM7, * ORC1L, and * ORC6L Origin recognition complex subunit 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC6 (ORC6L) gene. Background Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CDC6
Cell division control protein 6 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC6'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc6, a protein essential for the initiation of DNA replication. This protein functions as a regulator at the early steps of DNA replication. It localizes in the cell nucleus during cell cycle phase G1, but translocates to the cytoplasm at the start of S phase. The subcellular translocation of this protein during the cell cycle is regulated through its phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinases. Transcription of this protein was reported to be regulated in response to mitogenic signals through a transcriptional control mechanism involving E2F proteins. Interactions CDC6 has been shown to interact with ORC1L, ORC2L, Cyclin A2, PPP2R3B, MCM3, PPP2R3A, MCM7 and PSKH1. See also *Cdc6 Cell division control protein 6 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC6'' gene. The protein encoded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ORC4
Origin recognition complex subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC4 (ORC4L) gene. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunit protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the ORC complex. It has been shown to form a core complex with ORC2L, -3L, and -5L. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been reported. Interactions ORC4 has been shown to interact with: * MCM2, * MCM3, * MCM4, * MCM6, * ORC1, * ORC2, * ORC3, * ORC5, and * ORC6 Origin recognition complex subunit 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ORC6 (ORC6L) gene. Background The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ORC2
Origin recognition complex subunit 2 is a protein that is encoded by the ORC2 (ORC2L) gene in humans. Function The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Studies in yeast demonstrated that ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors such as Cdc6 and Mcm proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the ORC complex. This protein forms a core complex with ORC3, ORC4, and ORC5. It also interacts with CDC45L and MCM10, which are proteins known to be important for the initiation of DNA replication. This protein has been demonstrated to specifically associate with the origin of replication of Epstein-Barr virus in human cells, and is thought to be required for DNA replication from viral origin of replication. Interactions ORC2 has been shown to interact with: * CDC6, * DB ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cdc6
Cell division control protein 6 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC6'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc6, a protein essential for the initiation of DNA replication. This protein functions as a regulator at the early steps of DNA replication. It localizes in the cell nucleus during cell cycle phase G1, but translocates to the cytoplasm at the start of S phase. The subcellular translocation of this protein during the cell cycle is regulated through its phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinases. Transcription of this protein was reported to be regulated in response to mitogenic signals through a transcriptional control mechanism involving E2F proteins. Interactions CDC6 has been shown to interact with ORC1L, ORC2L, Cyclin A2, PPP2R3B, MCM3, PPP2R3A, MCM7 and PSKH1. See also *Cdc6 Cell division control protein 6 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC6'' gene. The protein encoded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MCM7
DNA replication licensing factor MCM7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MCM7'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by the MCM proteins is a key component of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) and may be involved in the formation of replication forks and in the recruitment of other DNA replication related proteins. The MCM complex consisting of this protein and MCM2, 4 and 6 proteins possesses DNA helicase activity, and may act as a DNA unwinding enzyme. Cyclin D1-dependent kinase, CDK4, is found to associate with this protein, and may regulate the binding of this protein with the tumor suppressor protein RB1/RB. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. Interactions MCM7 has been shown to interact with: * CDC45-related p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MCM6
DNA replication licensing factor MCM6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MCM6'' gene. MCM6 is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins ( MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. Function The MCM complex consisting of MCM6 (this protein) and MCM2, 4 and 7 possesses DNA helicase activity, and may act as a DNA unwinding enzyme. The hexameric protein complex formed by the MCM proteins is a key component of the pre-replication complex (pre-RC) and may be involved in the formation of replication forks and in the recruitment of other DNA replication related proteins. The phosphorylation of the complex by CDC2 kinase reduces the helicase activity, suggesting a role in the regulation of DNA replication. Mcm 6 has recently been shown to interact strongly Cdt1 at defined residues, by mutating these target residues Wei ''et al''. observed lack of Cdt1 recruitment of Mcm2-7 to the pre-RC. Gene The MCM6 gene, ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
