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North Finland Group
The North Finland Group ( fi, Pohjois-Suomen Ryhmä) was a formation of the Finnish Army (1939), Finnish Army during the Winter War. It was responsible for an almost 800-kilometer-long border from the town of Lieksa to the Arctic Ocean. The group was under the command of Major General Wiljo Tuompo, and its headquarters was located in Kajaani.#KilinRaunio2007, Kilin and Raunio 2007, pp. 120–121 The formation was charged with defending Northern Finland. It had two subgroups, the Lapland Group in the north and the North Karelian Group in the south. During the Battle of Suomussalmi on 11 December 1939, the main headquarters took under control the Lapland Group, and appointed Kurt Martti Wallenius as its commander. The North Finland Group remained in areas of the North Karelian Group, Suomussalmi and Kuhmo. References Citations Bibliography * * Military units and formations of Finland in the Winter War Military units and formations of Finland in World War II {{World-War-II- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Army (1939)
The Finnish Army (Finnish: ''Maavoimat'', Swedish: ''Armén'') is the land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. The Finnish Army is divided into six branches: the infantry (which includes armoured units), field artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, engineers, signals, and materiel troops. The commander of the Finnish Army since 1 January 2022 is Lieutenant General Pasi Välimäki. Role The duties of the Finnish Army are threefold. They are: [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winter War
The Winter War,, sv, Vinterkriget, rus, Зи́мняя война́, r=Zimnyaya voyna. The names Soviet–Finnish War 1939–1940 (russian: link=no, Сове́тско-финская война́ 1939–1940) and Soviet–Finland War 1939–1940 (russian: link=no, Сове́тско-финляндская война́ 1939–1940) are often used in Russian historiographybr>В.Н. Барышников. От прохладного мира к Зимней войне. Восточная политика Финляндии в 1930–е годы. Санкт-Петербург, 1997.; О.Д. Дудорова. Неизвестные страницы Зимней войны. In: Военно-исторический журнал. 1991. №9.; Зимняя война 1939–1940. Книга первая. Политическая история. М., 1998. – ; ttp://www.otvaga2004.narod.ru/photo/winterwar/wwar1.htm М. Коломиец. Танки в Зимней войне 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lieksa
Lieksa () is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the North Karelia region. The municipality has a population of () and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is . The municipality is unilingually Finnish. The town of Lieksa was established in 1973 when the Market town of Lieksa and the Municipality of Pielisjärvi were consolidated. Geography Neighbouring municipalities are Ilomantsi, Joensuu, Juuka, Kontiolahti, Kuhmo and Nurmes. Populated places Populated places within Lieksa include: * Mätäsvaara * Vieki Climate Lieksa has a subarctic climate (Köppen: ''Dfc'') with more continental characteristics than most of Scandinavia, making it prone to extreme temperatures, especially in winter. In summer temperatures regularly exceed , and the highest temperature ever recorded was in July 1934. Also, during the Heatwave of 2010, the temperature in Lieksa reached degrees. In winter, the snow cover is usually around 60 cm deep. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctic Ocean
The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceans. It spans an area of approximately and is known as the coldest of all the oceans. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) recognizes it as an ocean, although some oceanographers call it the Arctic Mediterranean Sea. It has been described approximately as an estuary of the Atlantic Ocean. It is also seen as the northernmost part of the all-encompassing World Ocean. The Arctic Ocean includes the North Pole region in the middle of the Northern Hemisphere and extends south to about 60°N. The Arctic Ocean is surrounded by Eurasia and North America, and the borders follow topographic features: the Bering Strait on the Pacific side and the Greenland Scotland Ridge on the Atlantic side. It is mostly covered by sea ice throughout the year and almost completely in winter. The Arctic Ocean's surface temperature and salinity vary seasonally as the ice cover melts and freezes; its salinity is t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiljo Tuompo
Viljo (Wiljo) Einar Tuompo (23 September 1893, in Pornainen – 27 February 1957 in Helsinki) was a Finnish lieutenant general during World War II. He commanded the Finnish Border Guard from 1935 to 1939, and from 1940 to 1941. During the Winter War, he was commander of the North Finland Group. During the Continuation War, Tuompo was the Chief of the Command Staff at General Headquarters in Mikkeli Mikkeli (; sv, S:t Michel; la, Michaelia) is a town and municipality in Finland. It is located in what used to be the province of Eastern Finland and is part of the Etelä-Savo region. The municipality has a population of () (around 34,000 .... He retired in 1945. External links General.dk 1893 births 1957 deaths People from Pornainen People from Uusimaa Province (Grand Duchy of Finland) Finnish generals German military personnel of World War I People of the Finnish Civil War (White side) Finnish military personnel of World War II {{Finland-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kajaani
Kajaani (; sv, Kajana) is the most populous town and the capital of the Kainuu Region of Finland. It is located southeast of Lake Oulu (Oulujärvi), which drains into the Gulf of Bothnia through the Oulu River (Oulujoki). As of , it had a population of . The town was founded in the 17th century, fueled by the growth of the tar industry, but it was preceded by a long history of settlements. During the Great Northern War it succumbed to Russian forces, who ruined Kajaani Castle in 1716. Today, the local economy is mainly driven by the sawmill, lumber, and paper industries, although UPM Kymmene's paper mill, the main employer from 1907 until 2008, has since closed. Kajaani's church was built in 1896 in the Neo-Gothic style by the architect Jac Ahrenberg to replace an earlier church. Kajaani's town theatre was established in 1969. Kajaani is home to two football clubs, AC Kajaani and Kajaanin Haka, and the ice hockey team Hokki. The Kajaani University of Applied Sciences was est ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lapland Group
The Lapland Group (''Lapin Ryhmä'') was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union. The group was formed on 13 December 1939 from troops of the North Finland Group. The group was placed under the command of Major General Kurt Martti Wallenius and had its headquarters at Rovaniemi. The forces took part in the Battle of Salla and the Battle of Petsamo. Order of battle Osasto Roininen (Detachment Roininen) was located at Salla and consisted of the following forces: *Separate Battalion 26 (''Erillinen Pataljoona 26'', ''Er.P 26'') *Separate Battalion 17 (''Erillinen Pataljoona 17'', ''Er.P 17'') *Infantry Regiment 40 (''Jalkaväkirykmentti 40'', ''JR 40'') *Two battalions of the "Replacement Brigade" ''VII/KT-Pr'' and ''IX/KT-Pr'' *One artillery battery At the end of February 1940, the troops around Salla were replaced by the Swedish volunteers of the Stridsgruppen SFK Osasto Pennanen (Detachment Pennanen) which was located in Petsam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Karelian Group
The North Karelian Group (''Pohjois-Karjalan Ryhmä'', ''P-KR'') was a formation of the Finnish Army (1939) during the Winter War. It defended the wide stretch of border between the Finnish IV Corps and the troops around Suomussalmi. The North Karelian Group fought around Lieksa and Kuhmo Kuhmo (known as ''Kuhmoniemi'' until 1937) is a town and a municipality in Finland and is located at the south-eastern corner of the Kainuu region. The municipality has a population of () and covers an area of of which is water. The population ... where the Soviet 54th Division was defeated with motti tactics. Order of battle *Detached Battalion 12 *Detached Battalion 13 *Detached Battalion 14 *Detached Company Kaasila *4th Detached Battery (''4.Er. Ptri'') *Field Replacement Battalion of the North Karelian Group (''I TP/P-KR'') Military units and formations of Finland in the Winter War Military units and formations of Finland in World War II {{World-War-II-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Suomussalmi
The Battle of Suomussalmi was a battle fought between Finnish and Soviet forces in the Winter War. The action took place from 30 November 1939 to 8 January 1940. The outcome was a Finnish victory against superior forces. This battle is considered the clearest, most important, and most significant Finnish victory in the northern half of Finland. In Finland, the battle is still seen today as a symbol of the entirety of the Winter War itself. Course of battle On 30 November 1939 the Soviet 163rd Rifle Division crossed the border between Finland and the Soviet Union and advanced from the north-east towards the village of Suomussalmi. The Soviet objective was to advance to the city of Oulu, effectively cutting Finland in half. This sector had only one Finnish battalion (Er.P 15), which was placed near Raate, outside Suomussalmi. Suomussalmi was taken with little resistance on 7 December (only two incomplete companies of covering forces led a holding action between the border and Suomu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurt Martti Wallenius
Kurt Martti Wallenius (25 July 1893 in Kuopio – 3 May 1984 in Helsinki) was a Finnish Major General. Jäger Movement Wallenius was a member of the Finnish Jäger troops trained in Germany prior to Finnish independence. In 1915, Wallenius travelled to Germany where he enrolled in the Royal Prussian 27th Jäger Battalion. He took part in the battles on the Misa River.Suomen jääkärien elämäkerrasto 1975 Civil War After returning to Finland, Wallenius took part in the Finnish Civil War of 1918 on the side of the anti-Communist Whites. He commanded a platoon in Tervola and Tornio. In Lapland, Wallenius met reindeer herder Aleksi Hihnavaara, with whom he travelled around Lapland, and the two became good friends. Wallenius was later appointed commander of the troops around Kuolajärvi and Kuusamo. Here, he was given the command of the northern group in the failed March 1918 Viena expedition, which tried to annex parts of East Karelia to Finland. He was also the leader of the se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuhmo
Kuhmo (known as ''Kuhmoniemi'' until 1937) is a town and a municipality in Finland and is located at the south-eastern corner of the Kainuu region. The municipality has a population of () and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is . It has a borderline of with Russia ( Finnish-Russian border). Neighbour towns are Hyrynsalmi, Lieksa, Nurmes, Ristijärvi, Sotkamo and Suomussalmi. A neighbour city across the Russian border is Kostomuksha. Vartius, one of the border crossing points between Finland and Russia, is located in northern Kuhmo. Kuhmo´s eastern border is located at a drainage divider and town area belongs to drainage basin of Oulujärvi. The municipality is unilingually Finnish. History The first inhabitants arrived in Kuhmo after the last ice-age, around 8000 BCE. Proof of Stone Age habitation has been found around Ontojärvi and Lammasjärvi. Sami people inhabited Kuhmo area until migration from Karelia and Savonia pushed Sami people up no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
