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Naresuan
King Naresuan the Great (( th, สมเด็จพระนเรศวรมหาราช, , ) or Sanphet II ( th, สรรเพชญ์ที่ ๒), ( my , နရဲစွမ် (သို့) ဗြနရာဇ်); 1555/1556 – 25 April 1605) was the 18th monarch of Ayutthaya Kingdom and 2nd monarch of the Sukhothai dynasty. He was the king of the Ayutthaya Kingdom from 1590 and overlord of Lan Na from 1602 until his death in 1605. Naresuan is one of Thailand's most revered monarchs as he is known for his campaigns to free Ayutthaya from the vassalage of the Taungoo Empire. During his reign, numerous wars were fought against Taungoo Burma. Naresuan also welcomed the Dutch. Early life Prince Naret ( th, พระนเรศ) was born in Phitsanulok in 1555–56.Naresuan was likely born sometime between 18 July 1555 and 27 April 1556. (Damrong 2001: 116): He became king on the 13th waning of the eighth Siamese month of 952 CS at age 34 (in 35th year), meaning he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naresuan University
Naresuan University (NU) ( th, มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร, ) is a government university in Phitsanulok Province, northern Thailand. It was established as a separate university on 29 July 1990, the 400th anniversary of the start of the reign of Phitsanulok-born King Naresuan the Great. A courtyard with a statue of King Naresuan is on the campus grounds and students regularly pay their respects before it. The university has about 20,000 full-time students. History On 18 January 1964, the Ministry of Education resolved to create branches of the Bangkok's College of Education in each region of the country. On 25 January 1967, the Phitsanulok campus was established as the fourth branch of the College of Education and was meant to serve mainly the northern provinces. In 1974 the College of Education was upgraded to university status and was named Srinakharinwirot University. Originally, only the third and fourth years of university study were offered at Phits ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phitsanulok
Phitsanulok ( th, พิษณุโลก, ) is an important, historic city in lower northern Thailand and is the capital of Phitsanulok Province. Phitsanulok is home to Naresuan University and Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, as well as to a major Royal Thai Army base. As of 2019, the population of the city was 66,106. Toponymy *Song Khwae: The first element, ''song'', means the number 'two'. The second element, ''khwae'', means 'tributary', hence 'two rivers'. *Phitsanulok: The first element, ''Phitsanu'' (Thai: พิษณุ; Sanskrit: viṣṇu विष्णु "Vishnu"), is a cognate of 'Vishnu', a Hindu god (see, e.g., Witnu, Thai: วิษณุ). Lack of a v sound in the Thai language accounts for the two forms. The second element, ''lok'' (Thai: โลก; Sanskrit: loka लोक 'world') means 'globe' or 'world'. A loose translation of the entire name would be 'Vishnu's heaven'. History Phitsanulok is one of the oldest cities in Thailand, founded o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayutthaya Kingdom
The Ayutthaya Kingdom (; th, อยุธยา, , IAST: or , ) was a Siamese kingdom that existed in Southeast Asia from 1351 to 1767, centered around the city of Ayutthaya, in Siam, or present-day Thailand. The Ayutthaya Kingdom is considered to be the precursor of modern Thailand and its developments are an important part of the History of Thailand. The Ayutthaya Kingdom emerged from the mandala of city-states on the Lower Chao Phraya Valley in the late fourteenth century during the decline of the Khmer Empire. After a century of territorial expansions, Ayutthaya became centralized and rose as a major power in Southeast Asia. Ayutthaya faced invasions from the Toungoo dynasty of Burma, starting a centuries' old rivalry between the two regional powers, resulting in the First Fall of Ayutthaya in 1569. However, Naresuan ( 1590–1605) freed Ayutthaya from brief Burmese rule and expanded Ayutthaya militarily. By 1600, the kingdom's vassals included some city-states in the M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ekathotsarot
Ekathotsarot ( th, เอกาทศรถ, , ) or Sanphet III ( th, สรรเพชญ์ที่ ๓); 1560 – 1610/11) was the King of Ayutthaya from 1605 to 1610/11 and overlord of Lan Na from 1605 to 1608/09, succeeding his brother Naresuan. His reign was mostly peaceful as Siam was a powerful state through the conquests of Naresuan. It was also during his reign that foreigners of various origin began to fill the mercenary corps. In particular, the king had a regiment of professional Japanese guards under the command of Yamada Nagamasa.Chakrabongse, C., 1960, ''Lords of Life,'' London: Alvin Redman Limited Right around Ekathotsarot's reign, the English first came to Siam in 1612. The White Prince The White Prince was the son of Maha Thammarachathirat of Phitsanulok and Queen Wisutkasat. White Prince had an elder brother who was called The Black Prince, and an elder sister known as the Golden Princess. In November 1563, Phitsanulok came under attack by King Bayinnaun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahathammarachathirat (king Of Ayutthaya)
Maha Thammaracha ( th, มหาธรรมราชา, , ), Maha Thammarachathirat ( th, มหาธรรมราชาธิราช, ), or Sanphet I ( th, สรรเพชญ์ที่ ๑), formerly known as Khun Phirenthorathep (Old th, ขุนพิเรนเทพ; Modern th, ขุนพิเรนทรเทพ), was a king of Ayutthaya Kingdom from the Sukhothai dynasty, ruling from 1569 to 1590. As a powerful Sukhothai noble, Phirenthorathep gradually rose to power. After playing many political turns, he was eventually crowned as the King of Siam. A Sukhothai noble Though the Kingdom of Sukhothai had come under personal union with Ayutthaya since 1448, the royal clan of Sukhothai still held power in their base Phitsanulok and constitutes as one of four political clans of 16th century Ayutthaya (Supannabhum, Uthong, Sukhothai, and Sri Thamnakorn). Chairacha, however, tried to reduce the power of Sukhothai nobles. He ceased to appoint the ''Uparaja'' th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maha Thammaracha (king Of Ayutthaya)
Maha Thammaracha ( th, มหาธรรมราชา, , ), Maha Thammarachathirat ( th, มหาธรรมราชาธิราช, ), or Sanphet I ( th, สรรเพชญ์ที่ ๑), formerly known as Khun Phirenthorathep (Old th, ขุนพิเรนเทพ; Modern th, ขุนพิเรนทรเทพ), was a king of Ayutthaya Kingdom from the Sukhothai dynasty, ruling from 1569 to 1590. As a powerful Sukhothai noble, Phirenthorathep gradually rose to power. After playing many political turns, he was eventually crowned as the King of Siam. A Sukhothai noble Though the Kingdom of Sukhothai had come under personal union with Ayutthaya since 1448, the royal clan of Sukhothai still held power in their base Phitsanulok and constitutes as one of four political clans of 16th century Ayutthaya (Supannabhum, Uthong, Sukhothai, and Sri Thamnakorn). Chairacha, however, tried to reduce the power of Sukhothai nobles. He ceased to appoint the ''Uparaja'' th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Front Palace
Krom Phra Ratchawang Bowon Sathan Mongkhon , colloquially known as the Front Palace ( th, วังหน้า, ), was the title of the ''uparaja'' of Siam, variously translated as "viceroy", "vice king" or "Lord/Prince of the Front Palace", as the titleholder resided in the physical residence of the same name. The office of Front Palace was considered second only to the king and regarded as the heir presumptive. The name, with its dual meaning, originated in the Ayutthaya period, and the holder later gained significant powers during the Rattanakosin period. Front Palace occupants were usually a son or brother of the reigning monarch. The office existed until the death of the last occupant, Prince Vichaichan, in 1885. King Chulalongkorn then abolished the office of an heir presumptive, introducing in its stead the Western concept of a crown prince as heir apparent, and styled the new office " Crown Prince of Siam". Ayutthaya period The ''Uparaja'' or ''Uparat'' concept of a Vic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayinnaung
, image = File:Bayinnaung.JPG , caption = Statue of Bayinnaung in front of the National Museum of Myanmar , reign = 30 April 1550 – 10 October 1581 , coronation = 11 January 1551 at Toungoo 12 January 1554 at Pegu , succession = , predecessor = Tabinshwehti , successor = Nanda , suc-type = Successor , reg-type = Chief Minister , regent = Binnya Dala (1559–1573) , succession1 = Suzerain of Lan Na , reign1 = 2 April 1558 – 10 October 1581 , predecessor1 = ''New office'' , successor1 = Nanda , reg-type1 = King , regent1 = Mekuti (1558–1563) Visuddhadevi (1565–1579) Nawrahta Minsaw (1579–1581) , succession2 = Suzerain of Siam , reign2 = 18 February 1564 – 10 October 1581 , predecessor2 = ''New office'' , successor2 = Nand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chan Palace
Chan Royal Palace ( th, พระราชวังจันทน์; ) located on the Wang Chan Road, Nai Mueang Sub-district, Mueang Phitsanulok District, Phitsanulok Province of Thailand, is an archaeological site complex consisting of the ruins of the Chan Palace and several temples. It is the location of a King Naresuan the Great shrine. In the past, it was also the location of Phitsanulok Pittayakhom School. Currently, the Fine Arts Department has completed the restoration of the Chan Palace Phase 1. History In 1362, King Maha Thammaracha I (Li Thai) of Sukhothai moved his capital to Phitsanulok, where he built the Chan Palace on a mound on the west side of the Nan River, which is presumed to have been the residence of the Thai monarch from the Sukhothai period to the Ayutthaya period. When King Borommatrailokanat of Ayutthaya moved the capital to Phitsanulok in 1463, his highness used the palace as a royal residence. It is believed that there were additional renova ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suphankanlaya
Suphankanlaya ( th, สุพรรณกัลยา, ; my, ဗြဣန္ဒဒေဝီ) was a 16th-century Siamese princess who was a queen consort of King Bayinnaung of Burma. There are very few historical records of her life, but legends about her are widespread in Thailand. Many Thais revere her as a national heroine or even as a popular deity. Biography and legend She was the daughter of Maha Thammaracha, viceroy of Phitsanulok and later King of Ayutthaya and his wife Wisutkasat; elder sister of the princes Naresuan and Ekathotsarot who later both became kings of Ayutthaya, too. On her maternal side she was a granddaughter of King Chakkraphat and Queen Suriyothai. In 1564, her father became a vassal of King Bayinnaung of Pegu in Burma. Her brothers were taken to the Peguan court to serve as pages and guarantee for the loyalty of their father, as was usual at the time. Thai narrative According to the common narrative in Thailand, in 1571, Suphankanlaya agreed to mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Toungoo Empire
The First Toungoo Empire ( my, တောင်ငူ ခေတ်, ; also known as the First Toungoo Dynasty, the Second Burmese Empire or simply the Toungoo Empire) was the dominant power in mainland Southeast Asia in the second half of the 16th century. At its peak, Toungoo "exercised suzerainty from Manipur to the Cambodian marches and from the borders of Arakan to Yunnan" and was "probably the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia." The "most adventurous and militarily successful" dynasty in Burmese history was also the "shortest-lived." The empire grew out of the principality of Toungoo, a minor vassal state of Ava until 1510. The landlocked petty state began its rise in the 1530s under Tabinshwehti who went on to found the largest polity in Myanmar since the Pagan Empire by 1550. His more celebrated successor Bayinnaung then greatly expanded the empire, conquering much of mainland Southeast Asia by 1565. He spent the next decade keeping the empire intact, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sukhothai Kingdom
The Sukhothai Kingdom ( th, สุโขทัย, , IAST: , ) was a post-classical Thai kingdom (mandala) in Mainland Southeast Asia surrounding the ancient capital city of Sukhothai in present-day north-central Thailand. The kingdom was founded by Si Inthrathit in 1238 and existed as an independent polity until 1438, when it fell under the influence of the neighboring Ayutthaya after the death of Borommapan (Maha Thammaracha IV). Sukhothai was originally a trade center in Lavo—itself under the suzerainty of the Khmer Empire—when Central Thai people led by Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao, a local leader, revolted and gained their independence. Bang Klang Hao took the regnal name of Si Inthrathit and became the first monarch of the Phra Ruang dynasty. The kingdom was centralized and expanded to its greatest extent during the reign of Ram Khamhaeng the Great (1279–1298), who some historians considered to have introduced Theravada Buddhism and the initial Thai script to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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