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Norman Upland
The Norman Upland of southern Indiana comprises hilly terrain caused by the outcropping of sandstone Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate grains. Sandstones comprise about 20–25% of all sedimentary rocks. Most sandstone is composed of quartz or feldspar (both silicates ... units at the surface. The Norman Upland is the result of the exposure of the ancient Borden deltaic complex, which includes the Borden Formation. The age of the rocks in the Norman Upland are Mississippian. See also * Mitchell Plain * Crawford Upland References Geology of Indiana {{US-geology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indiana
Indiana () is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. It is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th state on December 11, 1816. It is bordered by Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the south and southeast, and the Wabash River and Illinois to the west. Various indigenous peoples inhabited what would become Indiana for thousands of years, some of whom the U.S. government expelled between 1800 and 1836. Indiana received its name because the state was largely possessed by native tribes even after it was granted statehood. Since then, settlement patterns in Indiana have reflected regional cultural segmentation present in the Eastern United States; the state's northernmost tier was settled primarily by people from New England and New York, Central Indiana by migrants fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sandstone
Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate grains. Sandstones comprise about 20–25% of all sedimentary rocks. Most sandstone is composed of quartz or feldspar (both silicates) because they are the most resistant minerals to weathering processes at the Earth's surface. Like uncemented sand, sandstone may be any color due to impurities within the minerals, but the most common colors are tan, brown, yellow, red, grey, pink, white, and black. Since sandstone beds often form highly visible cliffs and other topographic features, certain colors of sandstone have been strongly identified with certain regions. Rock formations that are primarily composed of sandstone usually allow the percolation of water and other fluids and are porous enough to store large quantities, making them valuable aquifers and petroleum reservoirs. Quartz-bearing sandstone can be changed into quartzite through metamorphism, usually related to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borden Formation
The Mississippian Borden Formation is a mapped bedrock unit in Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, West Virginia,Matchen, D.L., and Kammer, T.W., 1994, Sequence stratigraphy of the Lower Mississippian Price and Borden Formations in southern West Virginia and eastern Kentucky: Southeastern Geology, v. 34, no. 1, p. 25–41. and Tennessee. It has many members, which has led some geologists to consider it a group (for example in IndianaShaver, R.H., Burger, A.M., Gates, G.R., Gray, H.H., and others, 1970, Compendium of rock-unit stratigraphy in Indiana: Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin, no. 43, 229 p.) rather than a formation (for example in KentuckyKepferle, R.C., 1971, Members of the Borden Formation (Mississippian) in north-central Kentucky, IN Contributions to stratigraphy, 1971: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1354-B, p. B1–B18.Weir, G.W., Gualtieri, J.L., and Schlanger, S.O., 1966, Borden Formation (Mississippian) in south- and southeast-central Kentucky, IN Contributions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mississippian (geology)
The Mississippian ( , also known as Lower Carboniferous or Early Carboniferous) is a subperiod in the geologic timescale or a subsystem of the geologic record. It is the earlier of two subperiods of the Carboniferous period lasting from roughly 358.9 to 323.2 million years ago. As with most other geochronologic units, the rock beds that define the Mississippian are well identified, but the exact start and end dates are uncertain by a few million years. The Mississippian is so named because rocks with this age are exposed in the Mississippi Valley. The Mississippian was a period of marine transgression in the Northern Hemisphere: the sea level was so high that only the Fennoscandian Shield and the Laurentian Shield were dry land. The cratons were surrounded by extensive delta systems and lagoons, and carbonate sedimentation on the surrounding continental platforms, covered by shallow seas. In North America, where the interval consists primarily of marine limestones, it is treate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitchell Plain
The Mitchell Plain is a karst area in Indiana of relatively low relief. The extensive underlying cave system developed in Mississippian age limestone bedrock. Surface drainage is rare due to most streams in the area disappearing into caves or joints within the rock. The limestone is a vestige of an early shallow cratonic sea that covered what would become Indiana, while the North-South linearity of the region is left over from the Cincinnati Uplift, sloping the rock layers from a high in the East sloping downward towards Cairo, Illinois. The Mitchell Plain is bound by the older rocks of Norman Upland The Norman Upland of southern Indiana comprises hilly terrain caused by the outcropping of sandstone Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate grains. Sandstones comprise about 20&nda ... on the East and the younger rocks of Crawford Upland on the West. References Karst fields Landforms of Indiana Limestone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crawford Upland
The Crawford Upland of Southern Indiana, United States. The eastern section of the Indiana Uplands, this region contains the hilliest terrain in the state caused by the outcropping of sandstone units at the surface. In some areas erosion cuts through the sandstone layers completely and exposes underlying limestones. The exposure of limestone at the surface in the Crawford Upland results in the formation of caves, dolines, and other surface expressions of karst topography. The alternating sandstones, limestones, and shale of the West Baden and Stephensport groups that compose the Crawford Upland are Mississippian in age.Lakey, B., Krothe, N.C. (1996). Stable isotopic variation of storm discharge from a perennial karst spring, Indiana. ''Water Resources Research'' 32(3), 721-731 Interstate 64 Interstate 64 (I-64) is an east–west Interstate Highway in the Eastern United States. Its western terminus is at I-70, U.S. Route 40 (US 40), and US 61 in Wentzvil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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