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Neosuchia
Neosuchia is a clade within Mesoeucrocodylia that includes all modern extant crocodilians and their closest fossil relatives. It is defined as the most inclusive clade containing all crocodylomorphs more closely related to ''Crocodylus niloticus'' (the Nile Crocodile) than to ''Notosuchus terrestris''. Members of Neosuchia generally share a crocodilian-like bodyform adapted to freshwater aquatic life, as opposed to the terrestrial habits of more basal crocodylomorph groups. The earliest neosuchian is suggested to be the Early Jurassic ''Calsoyasuchus'', which lived during the Sinemurian and Pliensbachian stages in North America. It is often identified as a member of Goniopholididae, though this is disputed, and the taxon may lie outside Neosuchia, which places the earliest records of the group in the Middle Jurassic. Characteristics A tooth notch between the maxilla and premaxilla is a basal characteristic of the Neosuchia, although it is lost in some more derived forms, most nota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paluxysuchidae
Coelognathosuchia is an extinct clade of neosuchian crocodyliforms that includes all taxa more closely related to the family Pholidosauridae than to '' Bernissartia fagesii'' or Eusuchia. Martin ''et al.'' (2014) named the clade after finding goniopholidids and pholidosaurids to group together in their phylogenetic analysis of crocodyliform evolutionary relationships. In their analysis, Pholidosauridae was monophyletic and Goniopholididae was paraphyletic, being an assemblage of successively more basal taxa within Coelognathosuchia. Coelognathosuchia itself was positioned near the base of the larger clade Neosuchia as the sister group to a clade containing the Early Cretaceous neosuchian ''Bernissartia'' and Eusuchia, the group that includes all modern crocodilians and their closest extinct relatives. Martin ''et al.'' named Coelognathosuchia from the Greek (, "concave"), (, "jaw") and (, "crocodile"), after a small depression on the surface of the skull between the maxilla an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eusuchia
Eusuchia is a clade of crocodylomorphs that first appeared in the Early Cretaceous with ''Hylaeochampsa''. Along with Dyrosauridae and Sebecosuchia, they were the only crocodyliformes who survived the K-T extinction. Since the other two clades died out 47 and 11 million years ago respectively, all living crocodilian species are eusuchians, as are many extinct forms. Definition Eusuchia was originally defined by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1875 as an apomorphy-based group, meaning that it was defined by shared characteristics rather than relations. These characteristics include pterygoid-bounded choanae and vertebrae which are procoelous (concave from the front and convex from the back). The possibility that these traits may have been convergently evolved in different groups of neosuchians rather than one lineage spurred some modern paleontologists to revise the group's definition to make it defined solely by relations. In 1999, Christopher Brochu redefined Eusuchia as "the last common ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paralligatoridae
Paralligatoridae is an extinct family of neosuchian crocodyliforms that existed during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. It includes the genera ''Paralligator'', '' Brillanceausuchus'', '' Kansajsuchus'', ''Shamosuchus'', ''Scolomastax'', ''Sabresuchus'', '' Rugosuchus'', '' Batrachomimus'' and '' Wannchampsus'', as well as the yet-unnamed "Glen Rose form". Evolution Phylogenetic analyses of crocodyliforms find Paralligatoridae to nest within Neosuchia, a large clade (evolutionary grouping) that also includes modern crocodylians. In crocodyliform phylogeny, paralligatorids are usually found near the base of Neosuchia, outside the clade Eusuchia, which includes crocodylians and their closest relatives. Below is a cladogram A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to d ... from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khoratosuchus
''Khoratosuchus'' is an extinct genus of neosuchian crocodylomorph which existed in northeast Thailand during the early Cretaceous period. Its type species is ''Khoratosuchus jintasakuli''. ''Khoratosuchus'' is the youngest and most advanced Mesozoic crocodyliform yet known from Thailand. It possesses several distinctive features that help determine its phylogenetic position among crocodylomorphs, including secondary choanae relatively posterior and almost encircled by the pterygoid bones on the palate The palate () is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly sepa ... and a smooth dorsal surface of the skull.Lauprasert, K.; Cuny, G.; Thirakhupt, K. and Suteethorn, V. 2009. ''Khoratosuchus jintasakuli'' gen. et sp. nov., an advanced neosuchian crocodyliform from the Early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stolokrosuchus
''Stolokrosuchus'' is an extinct genus of neosuchian crocodylomorph that lived during the Early Cretaceous. Its fossils, including a skull with a long thin snout and bony knobs on the prefrontal, have been found in Niger. ''Stolokrosuchus'' was described in 2000 by Hans Larsson and Boubacar Gado. The type species is ''S. lapparenti''. They initially described it as related to Peirosauridae, if not a member of that family. One study has shown it to be related to ''Elosuchus''. However, more recent works usually find ''Stolokrosuchus'' to be one of the basalmost neosuchian, only distantly related to the elosuchid or pholidosaurid, ''Elosuchus ''Elosuchus'' is an extinct genus of neosuchian crocodyliform that lived during the Middle Cretaceous of what is now Africa (Niger, Morocco and Algeria). Description and taxonomy ''Elosuchus'' had an elongated snout like a gharial and was prob ...''. Phylogeny The cladogram following by Nicholl ''et al.'' 2021: References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilchristosuchus
''Gilchristosuchus'' (meaning "Gilchrist [the owners of the ranch where the type specimen was found] crocodile") is an extinct genus of neosuchian crocodyliform.Crocodyliformes and Neosuchia are clades that include all living crocodilians and successively smaller subsets of their closest extinct relatives. Its fossils have been found in the upper Milk River Formation of Alberta, Canada, in rocks of either latest Santonian or earliest Campanian age (Late Cretaceous). ''Gilchristosuchus'' was described in 1993 by Wu and Brinkman. The type species is ''G. palatinus'', in reference to its distinctive palatine bone, palatine bones. ''Gilchristosuchus'' is holotype, based on Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology, RTMP 91.101.1, a partial anatomical terms of location, posterior skull and a neck vertebra. The skull would have been about long when complete. It represents the first articulated crocodylomorph specimen from the Milk River Formation. Isolated remains had been found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stomatosuchidae
Stomatosuchidae is an extinct family of neosuchian crocodylomorphs. It is defined as the most inclusive clade containing '' Stomatosuchus inermis'' but not ''Notosuchus terrestris'', '' Simosuchus clarki'', '' Araripesuchus gomesii'', ''Baurusuchus pachecoi'', ''Peirosaurus torminni'', or ''Crocodylus niloticus''. Two genera are known to belong to Stomatosuchidae: ''Stomatosuchus'', the type genus, and ''Laganosuchus''. Fossils have been found from Egypt, Morocco, and Niger. Both lived during the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous. The skulls of stomatosuchids are said to be platyrostral because they have unusually flattened, elongate, duck-shaped craniums with U-shaped jaws. This platyrostral condition is similar to what is seen in the "nettosuchid" ''Mourasuchus'', which is not closely related to stomatosuchids as it is a more derived alligatoroid that existed during the Miocene. Unlike ''Mourasuchus'', stomatosuchids have jaws that are less strongly bowed. Additionally, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goniopholidae
Goniopholididae is an extinct family of moderate-sized semi-aquatic neosuchian crocodyliformes. Their bodyplan and morphology are convergent on living crocodilians. They lived across Laurasia (Asia, Europe and North America) between the Middle Jurassic (possibly Early Jurassic, see below) and the Late Cretaceous. Description Compared to modern crocodilians, goniopholidids are very unusual in several respects. They possessed two rows of rectangular, interlocking osteoderms like those of terrestrial crocodilymorphs like atoposaurids, that are relatively simple, do not extend far in their necks, as opposed to the ornate armours of modern crocodilians; likewise, unlike modern crocodilians but like many extinct forms like phytosaurs, they have ventral osteoderms as well. Their forelimbs are also proportionally very long, particularly in the humeri and wrist bones, being as long or longer than the hindlimbs, the opposite of the condition seen in modern crocodilians. Some like ''Anteoph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tethysuchia
Tethysuchia is an extinct clade of neosuchian mesoeucrocodylian crocodylomorphs from the late Middle Jurassic (Bathonian stage) to the Early Eocene (Ypresian stage) of Asia, Europe, North America and South America. It was named by the French paleontologist Eric Buffetaut in 1982 as a suborder. Tethysuchia was considered to be a synonym of Dyrosauridae or Pholidosauridae for many years. In most phylogenetic analyses the node Dyrosauridae+Pholidosauridae was strongly supported. De Andrade ''et al.'' (2011) suggested that Tethysuchia be resurrected for that node. They defined it as a node-based taxon "composed of '' Pholidosaurus purbeckensis'' (Mansel-Pleydell, 1888) and '' Dyrosaurus phosphaticus'' (Thomas, 1893), their common ancestor and all its descendants". In their analysis they found that the support for Tethysuchia is actually stronger than the support for Thalattosuchia. The following cladogram shows the position of Tethysuchia among the Neosuchia Neosuchia is a cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calsoyasuchus
''Calsoyasuchus'' (meaning " r. KyrilCalsoyas' crocodile") is a genus of crocodylomorph that lived in the Early Jurassic. Its fossilized remains were found in the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian-age Kayenta Formation on Navajo Nation land in Coconino County, Arizona, United States. Formally described as ''C. valliceps'', it is known from a single incomplete skull which is unusually derived for such an early crocodile relative. This genus was described in 2002 by Ronald Tykoski and colleagues; the specific name means "valley head" and refers to a deep groove along the midline of the nasal bones and frontal bones. It has often been interpreted as the earliest diverging member of Goniopholididae, but other studies have recovered it in various other positions. Description The holotype skull ( TMM 43631-1) that would be named ''Calsoyasuchus'' was discovered in 1997 by members of an expedition composed of crews from Texas Memorial Museum of the University of Texas at Austin, the Museum of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernissartiidae
Bernissartiidae is an extinct family of neosuchian crocodyliformes known from the Early Cretaceous. Bernissartiid fossils have been reported from Belgium, France, Spain, England, Tunisia and the United States. It currently contains two genera, ''Bernissartia'' from the Barremian aged Sainte-Barbe Clays of Belgium and '' Koumpiodontosuchus'' from the equivalently aged Wessex Formation in southern England. Members of this family display adaptations for a durophagous lifestyle, especially the heterodont dentition of ''Koumpiodontosuchus''. Indeterminate remains have been reported from the Oum ed Diab Member of Tunisia, the Cloverly Formation and Arundel Clay of the United States, and the La Huérguina Formation, Blesa Formation, Villanueva de Huerva Formation, El Castellar Formation, Camarillas Formation and El Collado Formation of Spain, and the Angeac-Charente bonebed The Angeac-Charente bonebed is a fossil deposit located near Angeac-Charente in western France. It dates to the Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burkesuchus
''Burkesuchus'' (meaning "Coleman Burke's crocodile") is an extinct genus of basal neosuchians from the Upper Jurassic (Tithonian)-aged Toqui Formation of southern Chile. The genus is currently represented by a single species ''B. mallingrandensis'', named and described in 2021 on the basis of the holotype and additional referred specimens. ''Burkesuchus mallingrandensis'' was noticeably small being around an estimated 70 cm (27.5 inches) in length. The cranium is dorsoventrally depressed and transversely wide posteriorly and distinguished by a posterroventrally flexed wing-like squamosal. ''Burkesuchus'' was a small carnivore likely on invertebrates animals such as insects, crustaceans and may had feed on small aquatic vertebrates like fish. ''B''. ''mallingrandensis'' did not have the ability to feed on large prey items or tear large chunks of meat like modern day crocodiles do. The holotype SQO.PV 17700, consist of a cervical neural arch, partial neurocranium, four dorsal v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
