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National Black United Front
The National Black United Front (NBUF) is an African-American organization formed in the late 1970s in Brooklyn, New York. Its headquarters are in South Shore, Chicago, Illinois. It has been described as Christian, Left-leaning, somewhat Black nationalist and working in the tradition of the Million Man March and Malcolm X. The organization held its 30th annual convention from July 16 to July 19, 2009 in Chicago, Illinois. Philosophy and mission statement The National Black United Front (NBUF) was officially founded in 1980 in Brooklyn, New York, after being hindered by assassinations and FBI counterintelligence work of the 1970s. A politically radical, grass-roots organization supporting the Pan-African movement championed by Marcus Garvey, the NBUF focuses on the advancement of all people of African descent. They have been described as “comfortable and adamant in defining a racial history and racial solidarity,” and they focus on controversial issues and pressing inequalit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African-American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of Slavery in the United States, enslaved Africans who are from the United States. While some Black immigrants or their children may also come to identify as African-American, the majority of first generation immigrants do not, preferring to identify with their nation of origin. African Americans constitute the second largest racial group in the U.S. after White Americans, as well as the third largest ethnic group after Hispanic and Latino Americans. Most African Americans are descendants of enslaved people within the boundaries of the present United States. On average, African Americans are of West Africa, West/Central Africa, Central African with some European descent; some also have Native Americans in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African Descent
Black is a racialized classification of people, usually a political and skin color-based category for specific populations with a mid to dark brown complexion. Not all people considered "black" have dark skin; in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification in the Western world, the term "black" is used to describe persons who are perceived as dark-skinned compared to other populations. It is most commonly used for people of sub-Saharan African ancestry and the indigenous peoples of Oceania, though it has been applied in many contexts to other groups, and is no indicator of any close ancestral relationship whatsoever. Indigenous African societies do not use the term ''black'' as a racial identity outside of influences brought by Western cultures. The term "black" may or may not be capitalized. The ''AP Stylebook'' changed its guide to capitalize the "b" in ''black'' in 2020. The '' ASA Style Guide'' says that the "b" should not be capitalized. Som ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grenada
Grenada ( ; Grenadian Creole French: ) is an island country in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea at the southern end of the Grenadines island chain. Grenada consists of the island of Grenada itself, two smaller islands, Carriacou and Petite Martinique, and several small islands which lie to the north of the main island and are a part of the Grenadines. It is located northwest of Trinidad and Tobago, northeast of Venezuela and southwest of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Its size is , and it had an estimated population of 112,523 in July 2020. Its capital is St. George's. Grenada is also known as the "Island of Spice" due to its production of nutmeg and mace crops. Before the arrival of Europeans in the Americas, Grenada was inhabited by the indigenous peoples from South America. Christopher Columbus sighted Grenada in 1498 during his third voyage to the Americas. Following several unsuccessful attempts by Europeans to colonise the island due to resistance from res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Bishop
Maurice Rupert Bishop (29 May 1944 – 19 October 1983) was a Grenadian revolutionary and the leader of New Jewel Movement – a Marxist–Leninist party which sought to prioritise socio-economic development, education, and black liberation – that came to power during the 13 March 1979 revolution that removed Eric Gairy from office. Bishop headed the People's Revolutionary Government of Grenada from 1979 to 1983, when he was dismissed from his post and executed during the coup by Bernard Coard, leading to upheaval. Early life Maurice Rupert Bishop was born on 29 May 1944 on the island of Aruba, then a colony of the Netherlands as part of the Territory of Curaçao. His parents, Rupert and Alimenta Bishop, came from the northeast of Grenada, where his father earned only 5 British pence per day. At the end of 1930, to improve his financial position, he moved to work in the oil refinery on Aruba with his wife Alimenta. Until the age of six, Maurice was raised in Aruba with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Grenada
This is a list of heads of government of Grenada, from the establishment of the office of Chief Minister in 1960 to the present day. The Prime Minister appoints the Cabinet of Grenada. Heads of government before the 1974 independence Chief ministers of Grenada (1960–1967) Premiers of the Associated State of Grenada (1967–1974) Heads of government after the 1974 independence Prime Minister of Grenada (1974–1979) Prime ministers of the People's Revolutionary Government of Grenada (1979–1983) Head of the Revolutionary Military Council of Grenada (1983) Governor-General of Grenada (1983) Chairman of the Interim Advisory Council (1983–1984) Prime ministers of Grenada (1984–present) Living former heads of government As of , there are three living former Grenadian heads of government: See also * Prime Ministers of Queen Elizabeth II * List of Commonwealth Heads of Government * Politics of Grenada * Prime Minister of the West Indies Federation * G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free South Africa Movement
The Free South Africa Movement (FSAM) was a coalition of individuals, organizations, students, and unions across the United States of America who sought to end Apartheid in South Africa. With local branches throughout the country, it was the primary anti-Apartheid movement in the United States. Famous artists also got involved including Keith Haring who handed out over 20,000 'Free South Africa' posters. Formation The movement began on 21 November 1984 when Randall Robinson, executive director of TransAfrica, Mary Frances Berry, Commissioner of the United States Commission on Civil Rights, D.C. Congressman Walter Fauntroy, and Georgetown University law professor Eleanor Holmes Norton met with South African Ambassador Bernardus Gerhardus Fourie at his embassy to highlight human rights abuses in South Africa. They demanded the release of political prisoners and refused to leave the embassy by staging a sit-in, which led to the arrest of Robinson, Fauntroy and Berry. Norton was no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Africa Day
Africa Day (formerly African Freedom Day and African Liberation Day) is the annual commemoration of the foundation of the Organisation of African Unity on 25 May 1963. It is celebrated in various countries on the African continent, as well as around the world. The organisation was transformed into the African Union on 9 July 2002 in Durban, South Africa, but the holiday continues to be celebrated on 25 May. Background The First Congress of Independent African States was held in Accra, Ghana on 15 April 1958. It was convened by Prime Minister of Ghana Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, and comprised representatives from Egypt (then a constituent part of the United Arab Republic), Ethiopia, Liberia, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, the Union of the Peoples of Cameroon and of the host country Ghana. The Union of South Africa was not invited. The conference showcased progress of liberation movements on the African continent in addition to symbolising the determination of the people of Africa to f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kwanzaa
Kwanzaa () is an annual celebration of African-American culture from December 26 to January 1, culminating in a communal feast called ''Karamu'', usually on the sixth day. It was created by activist Maulana Karenga, based on African harvest festival traditions from various parts of West and Southeast Africa. Kwanzaa was first celebrated in 1966. History and etymology American Maulana Karenga created Kwanzaa in 1966 during the aftermath of the Watts riots as a specifically African-American holiday. Karenga said his goal was to "give blacks an alternative to the existing holiday of Christmas and give blacks an opportunity to celebrate themselves and their history, rather than simply imitate the practice of the dominant society." For Karenga, a major figure in the Black Power movement of the 1960s and 1970s, the creation of such holidays also underscored the essential premise that "you must have a cultural revolution before the violent revolution. The cultural revolution gives ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Arts Movement
The Black Arts Movement (BAM) was an African American-led art movement that was active during the 1960s and 1970s. Through activism and art, BAM created new cultural institutions and conveyed a message of black pride. The movement expanded from the incredible accomplishments of artists of the Harlem Renaissance. Famously referred to by Larry Neal as the “aesthetic and spiritual sister of Black Power," BAM applied these same political ideas to art and literature. and artists found new inspiration in their African heritage as a way to present the black experience in America. Artists like Aaron Douglas, Hale Woodruff, and Meta Vaux Warrick Fuller pioneered the movement with a distinctly modernist aesthetic. This style influenced the proliferation of African American art during the twentieth century. The poet and playwright Amiri Baraka is widely recognized as the founder of BAM. In 1965, he established the Black Arts Repertory Theatre School (BART/S) in Harlem. Baraka's ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaka Sankofa
Shaka Sankofa (born Gary Lee Graham; September 5, 1963Graham, Gary " . Retrieved on July 17, 2016. – June 22, 2000) was a Texas death-row inmate who was at the age of 17 for the of 53-year-old Bobby Grant Lambert in , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clarence Brandley
Clarence Lee Brandley (September 24, 1951 – September 2, 2018) was an American man who was wrongly convicted of the rape and murder of Cheryl Dee Fergeson in 1981 and sentenced to death. Brandley was working as a janitor supervisor at Conroe High School in Conroe, Texas when the 16-year-old student Fergeson was a visiting athlete from Bellville, Texas. Brandley was held for nine years on death row. After lengthy legal proceedings and appeals that reached the Supreme Court of the United States, Clarence Brandley's conviction was overturned and he was freed in 1990. After his release, Brandley was involved in further legal proceedings over child support payments that had accrued over his time in prison. He filed a $120 million lawsuit against various agencies of the State of Texas because of his arrest and wrongful conviction but received neither an apology nor a settlement. The crime Cheryl Dee Fergeson, a 16-year-old junior at Bellville High School, was murdered on August 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Genocide
In the United States, black genocide is the notion that the mistreatment of African Americans by both the United States government and white Americans, both in the past and the present, amounts to genocide. The decades of Lynching in the United States, lynchings and long-term Racism, racial discrimination were first formally described as genocide by a now-defunct organization, the Civil Rights Congress, in a petition which it submitted to the United Nations in 1951. In the 1960s, Malcolm X accused the US government of engaging in a genocide against black people, citing long-term injustice, cruelty, and violence against blacks by whites. Some accusations of genocide have been described as Conspiracy theory, conspiracy theories. In response to the War on Poverty legislation which was proposed by President Lyndon B. Johnson in the mid-1960s, legislation which included the public funding of the Pill for the poor, at the first Black Power Conference, which was held in July 1967, famil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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